【摘要】：隨著社會的發(fā)展,人們生活水平不斷提高的同時對安全防范的要求也越來越高,傳統(tǒng)視頻監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)因為其系統(tǒng)的復(fù)雜性及對突發(fā)狀況處理的不及時,已經(jīng)不能滿足當(dāng)今對實時監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)的要求。同時伴隨著嵌入式技術(shù)與互聯(lián)網(wǎng)技術(shù)的飛速發(fā)展,視頻監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)也進(jìn)入了一個新的階段,基于Web和嵌入式技術(shù)的視頻監(jiān)控也將成為未來監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)的重要發(fā)展方向。論文首先對國內(nèi)外視頻監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀與趨勢進(jìn)行分析,以實際應(yīng)用作為出發(fā)點,設(shè)計了一款基于B/S(Browser/Server)架構(gòu),以ARM嵌入式微處理器為主的遠(yuǎn)程視頻監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)。本文首先對視頻監(jiān)控進(jìn)行需求分析,然后對視頻傳輸過程中使用的視頻壓縮編碼進(jìn)行了研究,系統(tǒng)采用了H.264編碼作為視頻流的傳輸格式,接下來對系統(tǒng)的整體架構(gòu)進(jìn)行設(shè)計。在搭建系統(tǒng)硬件平臺時,選用了基于ARM-Cortex A9架構(gòu)的Exynos-4412微處理器作為核心控制芯片,同時選擇了USB攝像頭、DM9000網(wǎng)卡、串口等外圍設(shè)備共同組成系統(tǒng)的硬件部分�；谏鲜鲇布脚_,接下來對系統(tǒng)軟件進(jìn)行設(shè)計,這一部分包括建立嵌入式開發(fā)環(huán)境和應(yīng)用軟件的開發(fā)。在構(gòu)建嵌入式開發(fā)環(huán)境時,首先在宿主機(jī)安裝基于Ubuntu的Linux操作環(huán)境,搭建交叉編譯環(huán)境,然后針對嵌入式平臺進(jìn)行U-boot移植、Linux內(nèi)核的裁剪與移植、根文件系統(tǒng)移植等工作,完成了嵌入式系統(tǒng)軟件環(huán)境。在應(yīng)用軟件開發(fā)方面,將其分成了以下幾個模塊,首先視頻采集模塊利用Linux內(nèi)核提供的V4L2框架進(jìn)行視頻數(shù)據(jù)的采集,然后對采集到的數(shù)據(jù)通過ARM平臺自帶的MFC功能進(jìn)行H.264壓縮編碼;接下來視頻傳輸模塊實現(xiàn)了基于RTP/RTCP實時傳輸協(xié)議的傳輸功能;最后通過搭建BOA嵌入式Web服務(wù)器,實現(xiàn)系統(tǒng)的B/S架構(gòu)。之后完成客戶端程序的編寫,使得用戶可以通過Web瀏覽器進(jìn)行登錄查看實時監(jiān)控內(nèi)容。為了實現(xiàn)監(jiān)控的智能化,本課題增加了運動檢測功能,通過對運動檢測相關(guān)算法的分析,最終選用了混合高斯模型的進(jìn)行背景建模,并利用OpenCV這一開源計算機(jī)視覺庫實現(xiàn)了運動物體的檢測功能。當(dāng)系統(tǒng)在監(jiān)控畫面中檢測到有運動物體時,會觸發(fā)系統(tǒng)的報警機(jī)制,此時系統(tǒng)會向用戶發(fā)送包含圖片附件的異常提醒郵件。最后,對本系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了實際運行測試,可以通過瀏覽器查看監(jiān)控視頻,結(jié)果表明這一套系統(tǒng)顯示比較流暢,能達(dá)到實時性的要求,同時能夠?qū)唵苇h(huán)境下的運動目標(biāo)進(jìn)行檢測,基本達(dá)到了預(yù)期的目標(biāo)。通過本課題設(shè)計的嵌入式Web視頻監(jiān)控系統(tǒng),在一定程度降低了系統(tǒng)的復(fù)雜度,節(jié)約了開發(fā)成本,并且具有一定的實用價值。
[Abstract]:With the development of society, people's standard of living is improving and the requirement of security is higher and higher. Because of the complexity of the system and the untimely handling of the sudden situation, the traditional video surveillance system structure is becoming more and more important. It can not meet the requirements of the real-time monitoring system. At the same time, with the rapid development of embedded technology and Internet technology, video surveillance system has entered a new stage. Video surveillance based on Web and embedded technology will become an important direction of future monitoring system. Firstly, this paper analyzes the development status and trend of video surveillance system at home and abroad, and designs a remote video surveillance system based on B / S (Browser/Server) architecture and ARM embedded microprocessor. In this paper, the requirements of video surveillance are analyzed, and then the video compression coding used in video transmission is studied. The system adopts H.264 coding as the transmission format of video stream, and then designs the overall architecture of the system. When setting up the hardware platform of the system, the Exynos-4412 microprocessor based on ARM-Cortex A9 architecture is selected as the core control chip, and the USB camera is chosen as the DM9000 network card, the serial port and other peripheral devices are selected together to constitute the hardware part of the system. Based on the above hardware platform, the system software is designed, which includes the establishment of embedded development environment and the development of application software. When building the embedded development environment, we first install the Linux operating environment based on Ubuntu on the host computer, build the cross-compiling environment, and then do some work such as cutting and transplanting the Linux kernel, transplanting the root file system and so on, aiming at the embedded platform. The embedded system software environment is completed. In the application software development, it is divided into the following modules. Firstly, the video acquisition module uses the V4L2 framework provided by the Linux kernel to collect video data. Then the collected data is compressed and encoded by H.264 through the MFC function of the ARM platform. Then the video transmission module realizes the transmission function based on the RTP/RTCP real-time transport protocol. Finally, the embedded Web server of BOA is built. Implement the B / S architecture of the system. After the completion of the client program, users can login through the Web browser to view real-time monitoring content. In order to realize the intelligentization of monitoring, this subject adds the function of motion detection. By analyzing the related algorithms of motion detection, the background modeling of mixed Gao Si model is selected. Using OpenCV, an open source computer vision library, the detection function of moving objects is realized. When the system detects the moving object in the monitoring screen, it triggers the alarm mechanism of the system. In this case, the system will send the user an abnormal reminder email containing the image attachment. Finally, the actual running test of the system is carried out, and the monitoring video can be viewed through the browser. The result shows that the system can display smoothly and achieve the requirement of real-time, and can detect the moving target in simple environment. The expected goal was basically achieved. The embedded Web video surveillance system designed in this paper reduces the complexity of the system to a certain extent, saves the development cost, and has certain practical value.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：成都理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TN948.6

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本文編號：2228902