【摘要】：基于定向天線的無線自組織網(wǎng)絡(luò)具有空分復(fù)用度高、網(wǎng)絡(luò)總吞吐量大、抗干擾能力強(qiáng)等優(yōu)勢,近年來受到了研究人員的廣泛關(guān)注。鏈路可用帶寬是指在不影響網(wǎng)絡(luò)現(xiàn)有業(yè)務(wù)服務(wù)質(zhì)量(QoS)水平的前提下,鏈路收/發(fā)節(jié)點所能獲得的最大數(shù)據(jù)傳輸帶寬。緊密結(jié)合定向數(shù)據(jù)傳輸?shù)奶攸c,提出適用于定向信道接入控制(MAC)協(xié)議的鏈路可用帶寬預(yù)測方法,并以預(yù)測結(jié)果為依據(jù),實現(xiàn)跨層路由選擇,是為定向無線自組網(wǎng)多媒體業(yè)務(wù)提供QoS保證的關(guān)鍵。本文的研究工作緊緊圍繞上述關(guān)鍵問題展開,主要創(chuàng)新內(nèi)容包括:(1)在典型定向隨機(jī)接入?yún)f(xié)議(D-MAC)的框架內(nèi),提出了一種定向鏈路可用帶寬預(yù)測方法。節(jié)點首先通過偵聽每個天線波束方向上的信道狀態(tài),獲知每個天線波束方向上的信道可用時長信息;然后采用分布式的方法分析鏈路收/發(fā)節(jié)點可用時長不同步的概率,得到鏈路可用帶寬的初步估計值;最后,在針對定向隨機(jī)接入?yún)f(xié)議可用帶寬預(yù)測的難點問題展開深入分析的基礎(chǔ)上,分別考慮了對定向鏈路實際可用帶寬產(chǎn)生影響的七種不同因素,對鏈路可用帶寬的初步估計值進(jìn)行修正,得到了鏈路可用帶寬的最終估計值。多種仿真場景下的仿真實驗結(jié)果證明了本文提出的定向鏈路可用帶寬預(yù)測方法的有效性。(2)在對定向鏈路可用帶寬進(jìn)行預(yù)測的基礎(chǔ)上,設(shè)計了一種面向多媒體業(yè)務(wù)QoS保證的跨層路由協(xié)議。該協(xié)議將MAC層估計的定向鏈路可用帶寬作為鏈路傳輸吞吐量的上限,并將MAC層定向鏈路可用帶寬和路由跳數(shù)作為網(wǎng)絡(luò)層路由選擇的依據(jù),從而實現(xiàn)對新入網(wǎng)業(yè)務(wù)的信道接入和路由控制,保障網(wǎng)絡(luò)中現(xiàn)有數(shù)據(jù)業(yè)務(wù)的QoS。同時,在預(yù)測定向多跳鏈路業(yè)務(wù)的實際帶寬消耗時,該協(xié)議還充分考慮了定向傳輸“流內(nèi)競爭”問題,并指出在定向多跳鏈路中某一節(jié)點處的實際帶寬消耗應(yīng)為業(yè)務(wù)需求帶寬的競爭節(jié)點數(shù)倍。仿真結(jié)果證明該協(xié)議的性能優(yōu)于典型的無線自組織網(wǎng)絡(luò)定向動態(tài)源路由協(xié)議。
[Abstract]:Wireless ad hoc networks based on directional antennas have many advantages, such as high spatial division multiplexing, large network throughput, strong anti-jamming ability, and so on, which have attracted extensive attention of researchers in recent years. Link available bandwidth refers to the maximum data transmission bandwidth that can be obtained by the link receiving / transmitting node without affecting the (QoS) level of the existing network services. Based on the characteristics of directional data transmission, a link available bandwidth prediction method for (MAC) protocol is proposed. Based on the prediction results, cross-layer routing is realized. It is the key to provide QoS guarantee for directed wireless ad hoc network multimedia services. The main innovations of this paper are as follows: (1) within the framework of a typical directional random access protocol (D-MAC), a method for predicting the available bandwidth of directional link is proposed. First of all, the node obtains the information of the available time of the channel in each antenna beam by listening to the channel state in the direction of each antenna beam, and then analyzes the probability of the non-synchronization of the available time of the link receiving / transmitting node by using a distributed method. A preliminary estimate of the available bandwidth of the link is obtained. Finally, based on the in-depth analysis of the difficulties in the prediction of the available bandwidth of the directional random access protocol, Seven different factors which affect the actual available bandwidth of the directional link are considered respectively. The initial estimate of the available bandwidth of the link is corrected and the final estimate of the available bandwidth of the link is obtained. The simulation results in various simulation scenarios demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method. (2) based on the prediction of the available bandwidth of the directional link, A cross-layer routing protocol for QoS guarantee of multimedia services is designed. The available bandwidth of the directional link estimated by the MAC layer is taken as the upper limit of the link transmission throughput, and the available bandwidth and the number of routing hops of the MAC layer are taken as the basis for the routing selection of the network layer. Thus, the channel access and routing control of new access services can be realized, and the QoS. of existing data services in the network can be guaranteed. At the same time, when predicting the actual bandwidth consumption of directional multi-hop link service, the protocol also fully considers the "in-stream competition" problem of directional transmission. It is also pointed out that the actual bandwidth consumption at a node in the directed multi-hop link should be several times that of the competing node of the service demand bandwidth. Simulation results show that the performance of the proposed protocol is superior to that of the typical Ad hoc network oriented dynamic source routing protocol.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京航空航天大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TN929.5

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