【摘要】：在水聲通信系統(tǒng)中,水下環(huán)境極為復(fù)雜,信號(hào)在傳輸過程中,受到多徑效應(yīng)和多個(gè)水聲發(fā)射換能器同時(shí)發(fā)送信號(hào)的干擾,造成信號(hào)的混疊,降低了通信可靠性和定位精度,使用編碼、信道均衡等方法也不能達(dá)到很好的效果。針對該問題,本課題提出了一種基于空間-波數(shù)濾波器的水聲信號(hào)預(yù)處理方法。本文在分析研究空間-波數(shù)濾波算法的基礎(chǔ)上,針對水聲信號(hào)特征,通過計(jì)算機(jī)仿真驗(yàn)證了算法的可行性,并對水聲接收換能器陣列實(shí)際采集的水聲信號(hào)做了濾波處理,在通信的可靠性和定位精度兩個(gè)方面都有所提高。在此基礎(chǔ)上,對空間-波數(shù)濾波器的濾波特性、遠(yuǎn)近場和角度盲區(qū)特性進(jìn)行了分析。針對基于空間-波數(shù)濾波器的水聲信號(hào)預(yù)處理算法的濾波特性,提出了窗函數(shù)法優(yōu)化的空間-波數(shù)濾波器,使空間-波數(shù)濾波器的旁瓣得到抑制;針對空間-波數(shù)濾波器的近場盲區(qū)和角度盲區(qū)問題,提出了基于近場優(yōu)化和十字陣的全方位水聲信號(hào)處理方法;針對空間-波數(shù)濾波器需要預(yù)先知道水聲信號(hào)的波數(shù)和角度的先驗(yàn)知識(shí),但實(shí)際水下環(huán)境極為惡劣,很難獲得先驗(yàn)知識(shí)的問題,提出了一種結(jié)合窗函數(shù)和全方位的自適應(yīng)空間-波數(shù)濾波器的水聲信號(hào)預(yù)處理方法。通過使用三種優(yōu)化方法分別對實(shí)際采集的水聲信號(hào)進(jìn)行處理后,仿真結(jié)果顯示,經(jīng)過優(yōu)化后空間-波數(shù)濾波后信號(hào)的誤碼率和定位誤差均有所降低。自適應(yīng)空間-波數(shù)濾波器水聲信號(hào)的波數(shù)和角度未知的情況下,依然可以抑制水聲信號(hào)的多徑干擾和實(shí)現(xiàn)多個(gè)水聲信號(hào)的分離,提高通信可靠性和定位精度。因此,自適應(yīng)空間-波數(shù)濾波器是本文的最優(yōu)算法。
[Abstract]:In underwater acoustic communication system, the underwater environment is very complex. During the process of transmission, the signal is interfered by multi-path effect and multiple underwater acoustic emission transducers at the same time, which results in the overlapping of signals and reduces the communication reliability and positioning accuracy. The use of coding, channel equalization and other methods can not achieve good results. In order to solve this problem, a preprocessing method of underwater acoustic signal based on space-wave filter is proposed. Based on the analysis and study of the space-wave-number filtering algorithm, the feasibility of the algorithm is verified by computer simulation aiming at the characteristics of underwater acoustic signals, and the underwater acoustic signals collected by underwater acoustic receiving transducer array are filtered. Both the reliability and positioning accuracy of communication are improved. On this basis, the filtering characteristics, far and near field and angle blind area characteristics of space-wavenumber filter are analyzed. According to the filtering characteristics of the spatial wave number filter based on underwater acoustic signal preprocessing algorithm, the spatial wave number filter is optimized by window function method, which can suppress the sidelobe of the space wave number filter. Aiming at the problem of near-field blind area and angle blind area of space-wavenumber filter, an omnidirectional underwater acoustic signal processing method based on near-field optimization and cross array is proposed. A prior knowledge of wave number and angle of underwater acoustic signal is needed in advance for space-wavenumber filter, but the actual underwater environment is very bad, so it is difficult to obtain prior knowledge. In this paper, a preprocessing method for underwater acoustic signal is proposed, which combines window function with an omnidirectional adaptive space-wave-number filter. The simulation results show that the bit error rate and positioning error of the signal are reduced after the optimized space-wave-number filtering. When the wave number and angle of underwater acoustic signal of adaptive space-wave-number filter are unknown, the multi-path interference of underwater acoustic signal can still be suppressed and the separation of multiple underwater acoustic signals can be realized, and the communication reliability and positioning accuracy can be improved. Therefore, adaptive space-wavenumber filter is the optimal algorithm in this paper.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中北大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TN713;TN929.3

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