【摘要】：隨著常規(guī)彈藥智能化改造的廣泛應用,對智能彈藥上各個部件的小型化、集成化要求越來越高,導航天線是其關鍵部件之一。微帶天線具有低剖面、制造簡單、易于共形、成本低等特點,在智能彈藥改造中得到廣泛使用。北斗導航系統(tǒng)中導航天線B1頻點的中心工作頻率為1.561GHz,傳統(tǒng)的微帶天線設計因尺寸較大而無法滿足彈藥改造的需求。針對此問題,論文設計了一種基于超材料的MEMS微帶天線,其尺寸小于35×35mm2,滿足彈藥智能化改造對天線的小型化需求。論文從理論推導、仿真分析和實驗測試三個方面展開研究。理論部分介紹了微帶天線的設計方法,超材料介質單元的本構參數提取方法。仿真分析主要是基于HFSS的數值分析仿真軟件,首先對比仿真分析了傳統(tǒng)微帶天線和MEMS微帶天線在電性能方面存在的差異,之后對超材料介質單元進行數值仿真,采用波導法提取超材料介質單元的等效介電常數、磁導率、折射率和阻抗參數。在此基礎上利用超材料作為MEMS微帶天線的介質基板,設計了工作在B1頻點的北斗超材料MEMS微帶天線。該天線尺寸僅為傳統(tǒng)MEMS微帶天線的61.5%。結合微機電(Micro-Electro-Mechanical System,MEMS)制造工藝技術,依據本文設計的超材料基底的微帶天線結構特點,擬定了相應的加工工藝流程。實驗測試部分,采用本文設計超材料MEMS微帶天線的設計方法,在Rogers RT/duroid 5880射頻板材上加載超材料單元,設計為超材料微帶天線。使用矢量網絡分析儀測試了天線的回波損耗S11,測試結果表明超材料微帶天線中心頻率為1.561GHz,工作帶寬大于15MHz,帶寬范圍內駐波比小于1.5。實驗測試了天線增益方向圖,在中心工作頻率有最大增益,輻射方向滿足全向輻射的要求。最后,總結本文設計的超材料MEMS微帶天線輻射貼片尺寸為18.1×16.3mm2,尺寸達到小型化的要求,仿真結果顯示電性能指標達到導航天線設計要求,實驗測試表明本文所述設計方法可行。
[Abstract]:With the wide application of intelligent reconstruction of conventional ammunition, the miniaturization and integration of the components on the intelligent ammunition are becoming more and more important. The navigation antenna is one of the key components. Microstrip antenna is widely used in intelligent ammunition reconstruction because of its advantages of low profile, simple manufacture, easy conformal and low cost. In Beidou navigation system, the central frequency of the B1 frequency of navigation antenna is 1.561 GHz. Because of its large size, the traditional microstrip antenna design can not meet the needs of ammunition modification. To solve this problem, a MEMS microstrip antenna based on metamaterials is designed. The size of the antenna is less than 35 脳 35mm ~ 2, which can meet the requirement of the miniaturization of the antenna in the intelligent ammunition transformation. The research is carried out from three aspects: theoretical derivation, simulation analysis and experimental test. In the theoretical part, the design method of microstrip antenna and the method of extracting constitutive parameters of metamaterial dielectric element are introduced. The simulation analysis is mainly based on the numerical simulation software of HFSS. Firstly, the differences between traditional microstrip antenna and MEMS microstrip antenna in electrical performance are compared and analyzed, and then the metamaterial dielectric element is numerically simulated. The equivalent permittivity, permeability, refractive index and impedance parameters of metamaterial dielectric element were extracted by waveguide method. Based on this, a Beidou supermaterial MEMS microstrip antenna working at B1 frequency is designed by using metamaterial as the dielectric substrate of MEMS microstrip antenna. The size of the antenna is only 61.5 of the traditional MEMS microstrip antenna. According to the microstrip antenna structure characteristics of the supermaterial substrate designed in this paper, the corresponding processing process is worked out in combination with the Micro-Electro-Mechanical system MEMS manufacturing technology. In the experiment part, the design method of supermaterial MEMS microstrip antenna is adopted in this paper. The supermaterial element is loaded on the Rogers RT/duroid 5880 radio frequency plate and is designed as a metamaterial microstrip antenna. The echo loss S11 of the antenna is measured by using a vector network analyzer. The results show that the center frequency of the microstrip antenna is 1.561 GHz, the working bandwidth is more than 15 MHz, and the VSWR is less than 1.5 in the bandwidth range. The antenna gain pattern is tested experimentally. The maximum gain is obtained at the center frequency and the radiation direction meets the requirements of omnidirectional radiation. Finally, the radiation patch size of the supermaterial MEMS microstrip antenna designed in this paper is 18.1 脳 16.3mm ~ 2, and the size reaches the requirement of miniaturization. The simulation results show that the electrical performance index meets the design requirements of the navigation antenna. The experimental results show that the design method described in this paper is feasible.
【學位授予單位】：電子科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TN822

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