【摘要】：近年來(lái),基于地理位置的服務(wù)(LBS)進(jìn)入了快速發(fā)展的階段。從1994年GPS全球定位系統(tǒng)建設(shè)完成開(kāi)始,世界各國(guó)就相繼研發(fā)了很多新的衛(wèi)星導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng),如GLONASS、伽利略、IRNSS、北斗等定位系統(tǒng)都陸續(xù)投入了商用。至此以衛(wèi)星導(dǎo)航為引領(lǐng)的室外定位技術(shù)便逐漸完善和成熟起來(lái)。但類(lèi)似于衛(wèi)星導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)的室外定位技術(shù)卻無(wú)法很好地適應(yīng)室內(nèi)的使用環(huán)境。室內(nèi)復(fù)雜多變的物理環(huán)境和建筑物結(jié)構(gòu),從很大程度上制約了依賴(lài)高頻電磁波信號(hào)的室外定位導(dǎo)航技術(shù),這使得相當(dāng)長(zhǎng)一段時(shí)間內(nèi)室內(nèi)定位問(wèn)題的研究一直處于滯后階段,沒(méi)有很好的解決方案。然而隨著2010年低功耗藍(lán)牙核心規(guī)范發(fā)布,其對(duì)室內(nèi)定位所依賴(lài)的信標(biāo)設(shè)備的性能提升具有劃時(shí)代的意義,因此新的高精度室內(nèi)定位解決方案的研究又進(jìn)入了新的階段。本課題的研究正是著眼于目前比較熱門(mén)的低功耗藍(lán)牙的技術(shù)規(guī)范,特別是由它衍生出的基于iBeacon的藍(lán)牙技術(shù)理論,將其與改進(jìn)的定位和測(cè)距算法進(jìn)行結(jié)合,最后提出一種新的室內(nèi)精確定位解決方案。本文首先分析了各類(lèi)定位技術(shù)的研究現(xiàn)狀,包括主流的室內(nèi)定位技術(shù)以及各類(lèi)測(cè)距定位算法,并以此為基礎(chǔ)改進(jìn)了基于RSSI的室內(nèi)定位算法。之后重點(diǎn)研究了本課題定位系統(tǒng)實(shí)現(xiàn)的各類(lèi)關(guān)鍵算法,并結(jié)合iBeacon藍(lán)牙技術(shù),提出了高精度室內(nèi)定位的解決方案。在系統(tǒng)關(guān)節(jié)算法設(shè)計(jì)實(shí)現(xiàn)環(huán)節(jié),本文選定了使用Android平臺(tái)進(jìn)行軟件的開(kāi)發(fā),同時(shí)也分析該平臺(tái)軟件開(kāi)發(fā)的技術(shù)特點(diǎn)和在其上進(jìn)行定位算法研究需要解決的問(wèn)題,提出了一些在Android系統(tǒng)中研發(fā)定位應(yīng)用的技術(shù)優(yōu)化方法,包括在該系統(tǒng)上操作藍(lán)牙協(xié)議棧和藍(lán)牙設(shè)備交互以及如何高效地實(shí)現(xiàn)核心定位算法等。最后基于最小代價(jià)原則,從開(kāi)發(fā)出一款滿(mǎn)足實(shí)驗(yàn)需求的手機(jī)軟件,用于實(shí)驗(yàn)測(cè)試。通過(guò)實(shí)驗(yàn)平臺(tái)的搭建和最終的測(cè)試數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)果分析,最終充分驗(yàn)證了本課題提出室內(nèi)精確定位理論的可行性和可用性。
[Abstract]:In recent years, geographical location based service (LBS) has entered a stage of rapid development. Since the completion of GPS Global Positioning system (GPS) in 1994, many new satellite navigation systems have been developed around the world, such as GLONASS, Galileo IRNSS, Beidou and so on, which have been put into commercial use one after another. So far, the outdoor positioning technology guided by satellite navigation will be gradually improved and matured. However, outdoor positioning technology similar to satellite navigation system can not adapt to indoor environment. The complex and changeable indoor physical environment and the building structure, to a large extent, restrict the outdoor positioning and navigation technology, which depends on the high frequency electromagnetic wave signal, which makes the research of indoor positioning problem in a long period of time in the lag stage. There is no good solution. However, with the release of low power Bluetooth core specification in 2010, the performance improvement of beacon devices which depend on indoor positioning has epoch-making significance. Therefore, the research of new high-precision indoor positioning solutions has entered a new stage. The research of this subject is focused on the popular low power Bluetooth technology specification, especially the Bluetooth technology theory based on iBeacon derived from it, which is combined with the improved location and ranging algorithm. Finally, a new indoor precise location solution is proposed. This paper first analyzes the research status of various localization technologies, including the mainstream indoor positioning technology and various ranging and location algorithms, and improves the indoor location algorithm based on RSSI. After that, the key algorithms of this system are studied, and the solution of high precision indoor positioning is proposed based on iBeacon Bluetooth technology. In the design and realization of the system joint algorithm, this paper selects the Android platform for software development, and also analyzes the technical characteristics of the platform software development and the problems to be solved in the research of positioning algorithm on the platform. In this paper, some technical optimization methods for research and development of positioning application in Android system are presented, including how to operate Bluetooth protocol stack and Bluetooth device interaction on the system, and how to implement the core localization algorithm efficiently and so on. Finally, based on the principle of minimum cost, a mobile phone software is developed to meet the experimental requirements. Finally, the feasibility and availability of the indoor precise positioning theory are fully verified by the construction of the experimental platform and the analysis of the final test data.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：電子科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TN925

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本文編號(hào)：2179935