【摘要】：一直以來,受經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展?fàn)顩r、地理位置、金融服務(wù)成本等因素的影響,我國金融發(fā)展水平較低且十分不均衡,一部分人口被排斥到了金融服務(wù)的邊緣,金融排斥的現(xiàn)象十分嚴(yán)峻。近年來,世界各國高度重視金融排斥問題,聯(lián)合國、世界銀行等機(jī)構(gòu)也先后提出了“普惠金融”這一概念,旨在消除金融排斥,為社會(huì)所有階層都提供負(fù)擔(dān)得起的金融服務(wù)。我國也于2016年將推進(jìn)普惠金融的發(fā)展納入了國家發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略。與此同時(shí),隨著信息通信技術(shù)(Information and Communication Technology)的發(fā)展,手機(jī)和互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的普及率越來越高,目前我國居民幾乎人人都擁有一部手機(jī),而上網(wǎng)也變得越來越容易。同時(shí),信息通信技術(shù)不斷向金融業(yè)的滲透使兩者日益融合并且不斷創(chuàng)新。如今信息通信技術(shù)已成為金融發(fā)展不可或缺的條件,并且產(chǎn)生了一系列金融創(chuàng)新,“互聯(lián)網(wǎng)金融”的應(yīng)運(yùn)而生就是金融創(chuàng)新的典型代表。這些新型的金融服務(wù)因?yàn)槭褂帽憷⑦M(jìn)入門檻低等特點(diǎn),很好地滿足了不同層次群體金融服務(wù)的需求,從而大受歡迎,為我國普惠金融的發(fā)展提供了重要的渠道和機(jī)遇�；谝陨犀F(xiàn)實(shí)情況,本文從理論和實(shí)證兩方面出發(fā),深入探究了信息通信技術(shù)對(duì)普惠金融發(fā)展的作用機(jī)理、方式以及影響程度,并基于我國普惠金融和信息通信技術(shù)發(fā)展的現(xiàn)狀,給出了提高我國普惠金融發(fā)展水平的相關(guān)政策建議。在理論分析部分,本文運(yùn)用金融創(chuàng)新理論、互聯(lián)網(wǎng)金融相關(guān)理論以及金融發(fā)展等相關(guān)理論分析了信息通信技術(shù)、互聯(lián)網(wǎng)金融與普惠金融發(fā)展之間的關(guān)系,以及信息通信技術(shù)作用于普惠金融發(fā)展的方式。將信息通信技術(shù)與普惠金融發(fā)展的關(guān)系用金融創(chuàng)新聯(lián)系了起來,認(rèn)為信息通信技術(shù)通過促進(jìn)金融服務(wù)的信息化,引發(fā)金融創(chuàng)新來促進(jìn)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)金融的產(chǎn)生,而互聯(lián)網(wǎng)金融在顛覆了傳統(tǒng)金融發(fā)展的同時(shí)又與普惠金融的發(fā)展存在相容性。同時(shí),本文認(rèn)為信息通信技術(shù)對(duì)普惠金融發(fā)展的作用方式在于為普惠金融發(fā)展提供基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施,增加普惠金融的可使用性以及提高普惠金融發(fā)展的可持續(xù)性。在實(shí)證分析部分,本文首先構(gòu)建了兩個(gè)綜合性的指數(shù),一是信息化發(fā)展指數(shù),二是普惠金融發(fā)展指數(shù),從而能夠更加全面地反映出信息通信技術(shù)和普惠金融的發(fā)展水平。然后以信息化發(fā)展指數(shù)和普惠金融發(fā)展指數(shù)分別為主要解釋變量和被解釋變量,采用近10年的省際面板數(shù)據(jù)對(duì)信息通信技術(shù)與普惠金融發(fā)展的關(guān)系做回歸分析,證明信息通信技術(shù)能夠顯著地影響普惠金融的發(fā)展。進(jìn)一步回歸分析之后得出信息通信基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施、信息通信使用率以及知識(shí)技能都能顯著地促進(jìn)普惠金融的發(fā)展,而且互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上網(wǎng)人數(shù)、寬帶上網(wǎng)用戶數(shù)以及成人識(shí)字率對(duì)普惠金融發(fā)展的影響最大。最后,針對(duì)本文得出的結(jié)論,提出要從三個(gè)方面著手促進(jìn)普惠金融的發(fā)展。一是要完善信息通信的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè);二是要推動(dòng)信息通信技術(shù)與金融業(yè)的融合創(chuàng)新;三是要提升發(fā)展普惠金融所需要的知識(shí)技能。
[Abstract]:Because of the influence of economic development, geographical position and financial service cost, China's financial development level is low and uneven. Some people are excluded to the edge of financial services. The phenomenon of financial exclusion is very serious. In recent years, the world has paid great attention to the issue of Financial Exclusion, the United Nations, the world bank and so on. The organization has also put forward the concept of "Inclusive Finance", which aims to eliminate financial exclusion and provide affordable financial services for all sectors of the society. In 2016, China also promoted the development of Inclusive Finance into the national development strategy. At the same time, with the information and communication technology (Information and Communication Technology) Development, the popularity of mobile phones and the Internet is getting higher and higher. At present, almost everyone in our country has a mobile phone, and the Internet has become more and more easy. At the same time, the infiltration of information and communication technology to the financial industry has made the two more and more integrated and innovated. Now information and communication technology has become an indispensable condition for financial development, and And a series of financial innovations have come into being. "Internet finance" comes into being the typical representative of financial innovation. These new financial services meet the needs of different levels of financial services because of the use of convenience and low threshold, which is very popular and is very important for the development of Inclusive Finance in China. Based on the above realities, this paper, starting from two aspects of theory and demonstration, deeply explores the mechanism, mode and degree of influence of information and communication technology on the development of Inclusive Finance, and based on the present situation of the development of Inclusive Finance and information and communication technology in China, it gives the correlation of improving the development level of Inclusive Finance in China. In the theoretical analysis, this paper analyzes the relationship between the information and communication technology, the relationship between the Internet Finance and the generalized financial development, as well as the role of the information and communication technology in the development of Yu Puhui's finance. The relationship of financial development is linked with financial innovation. It is believed that information and communication technology promotes the emergence of Internet Finance by promoting the information of financial services and triggering financial innovation. While Internet finance is compatible with the development of traditional finance, while it is compatible with the development of Inclusive Finance. In the empirical analysis part, this paper first constructs two comprehensive indices, one is the information development index, and the two is the inclusive financial development index. It can reflect the development level of information and communication technology and Inclusive Finance in a more comprehensive way. Then, using the information development index and the inclusive financial development index as the main explanatory variables and the explanatory variables, the paper uses the interprovincial panel data of nearly 10 years to make a regression analysis on the relationship between information and communication technology and the development of Inclusive Finance. Information and communication infrastructure, information and communication usage and knowledge and skills can significantly promote the development of Inclusive Finance, and the number of Internet Internet users, the number of broadband Internet users and the adult literacy rate have the greatest impact on the general financial development. Finally, in view of the conclusion of this article, we propose to promote the development of Inclusive Finance from three aspects. First, it is necessary to improve the infrastructure construction of information communication; the two is to promote the integration of information and communication technology and financial industry, and three to improve the knowledge and skills needed for the development of Inclusive Finance.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中南財(cái)經(jīng)政法大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：F832;TN91

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