本文選題：激光雷達(dá) + 全波形采樣�。� 參考：《哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：由于激光技術(shù)與電子學(xué)技術(shù)水平的不斷提高,激光雷達(dá)技術(shù)也得到了迅猛的發(fā)展。目前,激光雷達(dá)應(yīng)用已十分廣泛,在軍事、民用、科研等領(lǐng)域應(yīng)用很多,特別是無(wú)人平臺(tái)、機(jī)器人導(dǎo)航、交通安全、文物無(wú)損測(cè)量等領(lǐng)域,展現(xiàn)出無(wú)限的應(yīng)用前景。但是隨著對(duì)豐富信息獲取需求的增加,傳統(tǒng)的激光雷達(dá)已無(wú)法完全滿足這一要求,此時(shí)全波形激光雷達(dá)隨之誕生,由于其可以記錄下完整的波形數(shù)據(jù)的特點(diǎn),從而獲得完整的目標(biāo)信息,被不斷重視。本文首先對(duì)全波形激光雷達(dá)系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)展開(kāi)了深入的研究。根據(jù)對(duì)國(guó)內(nèi)外激光雷達(dá)和全波形激光雷達(dá)的研究進(jìn)展進(jìn)行了充分的調(diào)研與分析,找出了全波形激光雷達(dá)研究上的不足,并根據(jù)這些不足,設(shè)計(jì)了一套同軸雙通道的全波形激光雷達(dá)數(shù)字化采樣探測(cè)系統(tǒng)。并通過(guò)對(duì)系統(tǒng)內(nèi)各單元參數(shù)的計(jì)算分析,匹配合適的設(shè)備,使其可以最大化的發(fā)揮系統(tǒng)性能。然后利用ZEMAX和TracePro這兩款光學(xué)仿真軟件對(duì)探測(cè)系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行仿真設(shè)計(jì),并通過(guò)仿真實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行合理的優(yōu)化。再利用Matlab軟件對(duì)探測(cè)中可能出現(xiàn)的一些典型目標(biāo)的回波進(jìn)行模擬和仿真分析,從而總結(jié)發(fā)射脈沖與典型目標(biāo)作用后,返回脈沖波形與典型目標(biāo)的對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系。接下來(lái)利用設(shè)計(jì)的波形采樣探測(cè)系統(tǒng)對(duì)一些近距離的典型目標(biāo)進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證性探測(cè)實(shí)驗(yàn),對(duì)探測(cè)到的波形數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行比較分析,從而驗(yàn)證仿真結(jié)果是否正確。隨后對(duì)系統(tǒng)內(nèi)的發(fā)射與接收單元進(jìn)行小幅調(diào)整,進(jìn)而對(duì)遠(yuǎn)距離的目標(biāo)進(jìn)行探測(cè),利用后文介紹的波形數(shù)據(jù)處理的方法,對(duì)波形進(jìn)行處理,最后生成探測(cè)物的高程圖像。最后根據(jù)探測(cè)到的全波形數(shù)據(jù),提出了合理的回波數(shù)據(jù)處理的思路和方法。并針對(duì)不同的波形數(shù)據(jù)設(shè)計(jì)了不同的波形數(shù)據(jù)預(yù)處理的方法,并利用高斯波形分解的方法進(jìn)行波形分解,實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明高斯分解算法可有效的對(duì)回波信號(hào)中的多目標(biāo)進(jìn)行分解。
[Abstract]:Because of the continuous improvement of laser technology and electronics technology, laser radar technology has also developed rapidly. At present, the application of laser radar has been widely used in military, civil, scientific research and other fields, especially unmanned platform, robot navigation, traffic safety, nondestructive measurement of cultural relics and so on. But with the increasing demand for rich information acquisition, the traditional laser radar has been unable to fully meet this requirement. At this time, the full waveform laser radar is born. Because it can record the characteristics of the complete waveform data, so as to obtain the complete target information, it is constantly attached importance to. This paper first set up the full waveform lidar system. According to the research and analysis of the research progress of laser radar and fully waveform lidar at home and abroad, the shortcomings of the full waveform lidar are found out. According to these shortcomings, a set of fully waveform radars digital sampling detection system with coaxial two channels is designed. The parameters of each unit are calculated and analyzed to match the appropriate equipment so that it can maximize the performance of the system. Then the two optical simulation software ZEMAX and TracePro are used to simulate the detection system, and the system is optimized by the simulation experiment. Then, some possible Matlab software can be used for the detection of the system. The echo of the typical target is simulated and simulated, and then the corresponding relationship between the pulse waveform and the typical target is returned after the effect of the emission pulse and the typical target. Then, the designed waveform sampling detection system is used to test some typical targets near the distance, and the detected waveform data are compared. To verify the correctness of the simulation results, a small amplitude adjustment of the transmitting and receiving units in the system is followed, and then the remote target is detected. The waveform is processed and the Gao Cheng image of the detectable object is generated by using the waveform data processing method introduced later. Finally, the full waveform data detected are proposed. The ideas and methods of echo data processing is reasonable. And the design method of waveform data preprocessing for different waveform data, and using the method of waveform decomposition Gauss waveform decomposition, the experimental results show that the Gauss decomposition algorithm can be effective for multi target echo signal was decomposed.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：TN958.98
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本文編號(hào)：2047645