本文選題：車載自組織網(wǎng)絡 + 多跳廣播��； 參考：《重慶郵電大學》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：智能交通系統(tǒng)的迅速發(fā)展,使車載自組織網(wǎng)絡(Vehicular Ad hoc Networks,VANET)逐漸成為人們關注的焦點,VANET的應用主要包括安全類應用與服務類應用。車載自組織網(wǎng)絡主要利用多跳廣播進行數(shù)據(jù)傳輸,但由于廣播固有的特點容易導致廣播風暴等問題。本文針對高速公路環(huán)境下,采用現(xiàn)有的廣播方式傳輸數(shù)據(jù)會產(chǎn)生廣播風暴問題,提出兩種解決方案。在有效抑制廣播風暴的同時,也能提高數(shù)據(jù)傳輸?shù)目煽啃圆⒔档蛡鬏敂?shù)據(jù)的平均時延。首先,本文對課題的研究背景和意義進行了簡要介紹,并闡述了車載自組織網(wǎng)絡的概況、國內外的研究現(xiàn)狀以及廣播這種數(shù)據(jù)傳輸方式。其次,針對高速公路環(huán)境下,車載自組織網(wǎng)絡利用多跳廣播對數(shù)據(jù)進行轉發(fā)時,相對速度的存在會對中繼轉發(fā)節(jié)點的選擇產(chǎn)生影響,本文提出基于兩跳鄰居信息的多候選中繼數(shù)據(jù)傳輸算法(MRDD),在選擇中繼轉發(fā)節(jié)點時綜合考慮速度、位置和方向三個因素的影響。該算法通過Hello Message的交換構建兩跳鄰居信息表來獲取更多周圍車輛的信息,從而選擇最佳的轉發(fā)節(jié)點對消息進行轉發(fā),減少消息傳輸?shù)臅r延。此外,該算法將多個車輛節(jié)點作為候選轉發(fā)節(jié)點,當最佳轉發(fā)節(jié)點傳輸失敗時,候選轉發(fā)節(jié)點可對消息進行轉發(fā)防止數(shù)據(jù)傳輸失敗,從而提高消息傳輸?shù)目煽啃浴Ｈ缓?本文提出基于反方向車輛輔助的數(shù)據(jù)傳輸算法(OPP),利用反方向的車輛對數(shù)據(jù)進行轉發(fā),同向車輛只對數(shù)據(jù)進行接收而不再轉發(fā)。在轉發(fā)節(jié)點的選擇過程中,對通信半徑R進行了分段處理,根據(jù)段號的值決定最佳轉發(fā)節(jié)點。在利用反方向行駛的車輛轉發(fā)事故消息的過程中,可使數(shù)據(jù)包快速到達目標區(qū)域,減少網(wǎng)絡時延。最后,采用NS2(Network Simulator Version 2)開源軟件搭建仿真平臺對本文所提的MRDD和OPP算法進行驗證和結果分析。實驗結果表明,與現(xiàn)有的算法相比,MRDD和OPP具有較低的平均時延和較高的可靠性。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of Intelligent Transportation system (its), vehicular Ad hoc Networks (VANET) has gradually become the focus of attention. The applications of VANET mainly include security applications and service applications. Multi-hop broadcasting is mainly used for data transmission in vehicle-mounted ad hoc networks, but it is easy to cause broadcast storms due to the inherent characteristics of broadcasting. In this paper, two solutions are proposed to solve the problem of broadcast storm caused by the transmission of data in expressway environment. While effectively suppressing broadcast storms, it can also improve the reliability of data transmission and reduce the average delay of transmission data. Firstly, this paper briefly introduces the research background and significance of the subject, and describes the general situation of vehicle-borne ad hoc networks, domestic and foreign research status and broadcast this data transmission mode. Secondly, under the environment of freeway, the existence of relative speed will influence the selection of relay forwarding nodes when multi-hop broadcasting is used to transmit the data in vehicle-mounted ad hoc networks. In this paper, a multi-candidate relay data transmission algorithm based on two-hop neighbor information is proposed. When selecting relay forwarding nodes, we consider three factors: speed, position and direction. The algorithm constructs a two-hop neighbor information table through the exchange of Hello Message to obtain more information about the surrounding vehicle, and then selects the best forwarding node to forward the message and reduces the delay of message transmission. In addition, the algorithm takes multiple vehicle nodes as candidate forwarding nodes. When the optimal forwarding node fails, the candidate forwarding node can forward the message to prevent the data transmission from failing, thus improving the reliability of message transmission. Then, this paper proposes a data transmission algorithm based on anti-directional vehicle assistance, which uses the anti-directional vehicle to forward the data, and the same direction vehicle only receives the data instead of forwarding the data. In the process of selecting forwarding nodes, the communication radius R is segmented, and the optimal forwarding node is determined according to the value of segment number. In the process of transmitting the accident message by using the vehicle driving in the opposite direction, the packet can reach the target area quickly and reduce the network delay. Finally, NS2(Network Simulator Version 2) is used to build a simulation platform to verify and analyze the MRDD and OPP algorithms mentioned in this paper. The experimental results show that compared with the existing algorithms, the MRDD and OPP have lower average delay and higher reliability.
【學位授予單位】：重慶郵電大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：TN929.5;U495

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本文編號：1960209