本文選題：超寬帶 + 信道模型　； 參考：《成都理工大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著半導(dǎo)體技術(shù)的發(fā)展和網(wǎng)絡(luò)技術(shù)的普及,各種智能設(shè)備在大眾生活中普及開來,消費(fèi)者對短距無線通信小型化、低成本、節(jié)能化、高速化等多方面的需求在這樣的背景下與日俱增,超寬帶(Ultra-wideband,UWB)技術(shù)因具有一些獨(dú)特的優(yōu)勢剛好可以滿足人們對短距離無線通信的上述需求。雖然超寬帶技術(shù)在本世紀(jì)初就已經(jīng)開放到民用領(lǐng)域了,但到目前為止主要的成果還集中在基于UWB技術(shù)的室內(nèi)定位,關(guān)于無線通信領(lǐng)域的進(jìn)展相對較少,主要是因?yàn)閁WB技術(shù)應(yīng)用到無線通信中還面臨著一些技術(shù)難題,如:UWB信號的檢測接收技術(shù)、UWB系統(tǒng)收發(fā)端的同步技術(shù)、UWB系統(tǒng)信道建模及信道估計(jì)技術(shù)等。本文的研究主要是關(guān)于UWB系統(tǒng)中的信道模型及信道估計(jì)技術(shù)�；仡櫿麄�(gè)UWB技術(shù)的發(fā)展歷程,其中關(guān)于UWB信號方案(信道模型及估計(jì)技術(shù))的發(fā)展大致可以分為三個(gè)階段。第一階段是摸索階段,在這一階段,關(guān)于UWB信道模型的研究主要是基于當(dāng)時(shí)已有技術(shù)的移植;第二個(gè)階段可以稱為統(tǒng)一標(biāo)準(zhǔn)階段,因?yàn)閁WB技術(shù)應(yīng)用于無線通信領(lǐng)域具有較大的優(yōu)勢,各大企業(yè)和機(jī)構(gòu)為了搶占先機(jī),紛紛投入了大量的人力物力資源,這就推動了UWB無線領(lǐng)域的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)制定;第三個(gè)階段是不斷改進(jìn)階段,也是現(xiàn)在所處的階段。首先介紹了UWB信號的傳播特性,然后以傳統(tǒng)無線通信中的信道模型為切入點(diǎn),簡述了超寬帶無線系統(tǒng)中信道模型的發(fā)展歷程,重點(diǎn)介紹了S-V/IEEE802.15.3a參考模型,分析比較了它的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)。和傳統(tǒng)的窄帶或?qū)拵到y(tǒng)相比,超寬帶系統(tǒng)的衰落特性和信道稀疏特性均有很大不同。針對S-V/IEEE802.15.3a參考模型所存在的一些缺陷介紹了兩種在其基礎(chǔ)上修正后的UWB室內(nèi)系統(tǒng)模型,并利用現(xiàn)有的數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行了分析比較。從時(shí)域、頻域和結(jié)構(gòu)化、非結(jié)構(gòu)化幾個(gè)方面詳細(xì)介紹了UWB無線通信系統(tǒng)中的信道估計(jì)技術(shù),并對幾種常見的估計(jì)方法進(jìn)行比較,著重介紹了一種對噪聲有一定的抵抗能力的估計(jì)方法,即基于FOS的盲UWB信道估計(jì)方法。傳統(tǒng)的超寬帶信道估計(jì)算法有一個(gè)共性,即都需要對信號進(jìn)行高速率的采樣,但由于UWB信號帶寬非常大(500MHz),目前的ADC技術(shù)很難在低成本的前提下支撐起這一技術(shù),壓縮感知理論的提出使低速率采樣成為了可能。本文對壓縮感知理論進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的介紹,包括其理論框架、觀測矩陣的設(shè)計(jì)和CS信號重構(gòu)算法等;然后對基于CS理論的UWB系統(tǒng)建模,介紹一般的OMP信道估計(jì)算法并引入對OMP算法的改進(jìn),之后對兩種算法進(jìn)行仿真,結(jié)合性能及運(yùn)算時(shí)間兩個(gè)因素對兩種算法進(jìn)行了綜合分析。
[Abstract]:With the development of semiconductor technology and the popularization of network technology, all kinds of intelligent devices are popularized in the public life. Consumers have miniaturized, low cost and energy saving for short distance wireless communication. With the increasing demand for high speed and so on, Ultra-wideband UWB (Ultra-wideband UWB) technology can meet the demand of short-range wireless communication because of its unique advantages. Although UWB technology has been open to civilian applications since the beginning of this century, so far the main achievements have been focused on indoor positioning based on UWB technology, and relatively little progress has been made in the field of wireless communications. The main reason is that the application of UWB technology to wireless communication also faces some technical difficulties, such as the detection and reception technology of the UWB signal, the synchronization technology of the transceiver of the UWB system, the channel modeling and channel estimation technology of the UWB system, and so on. The research of this paper is mainly about the channel model and channel estimation technology in UWB system. The development of UWB signal scheme (channel model and estimation technique) can be divided into three stages. The first stage is the groping stage, in which the research on the UWB channel model is mainly based on the transplantation of the existing technologies at that time; the second stage can be called the unified standard stage. Because the application of UWB technology in the field of wireless communication has a great advantage, in order to seize the opportunity, the large enterprises and institutions have invested a lot of human and material resources, which has promoted the establishment of standards in the field of UWB wireless; The third stage is the stage of continuous improvement and the stage in which we are now. In this paper, the propagation characteristics of UWB signal are introduced, and then the development of channel model in UWB wireless system is briefly introduced, the S-V/IEEE802.15.3a reference model is introduced, and its advantages and disadvantages are analyzed and compared. Compared with the traditional narrowband or wideband systems, the fading characteristics and channel sparsity characteristics of UWB systems are very different. Aiming at some defects of S-V/IEEE802.15.3a reference model, two modified UWB indoor system models are introduced, and the existing data are analyzed and compared. In this paper, the channel estimation techniques in UWB wireless communication systems are introduced in detail from time domain, frequency domain, structured and unstructured aspects, and several common estimation methods are compared. This paper mainly introduces a method of estimating the noise, that is, the blind UWB channel estimation method based on FOS. The traditional UWB channel estimation algorithms have a common feature, that is, it is necessary to sample the signal at high rate. However, because the bandwidth of UWB signal is very large, it is difficult for the current ADC technology to support this technology under the premise of low cost. The theory of compressed sensing makes low rate sampling possible. In this paper, the theory of compressed perception is introduced in detail, including its theoretical framework, the design of observation matrix and the algorithm of CS signal reconstruction, and then the modeling of UWB system based on CS theory. This paper introduces the general OMP channel estimation algorithm and introduces the improvement of the OMP algorithm. Then the two algorithms are simulated and the two algorithms are synthetically analyzed by combining the performance and the operation time.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：成都理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TN925

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