本文選題：光纖傳感 + 光電探測�。� 參考：《北京交通大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：光纖傳感網(wǎng)絡(luò)廣泛地應(yīng)用在我們的日常生活當(dāng)中,在重大工程健康檢測、航空航天、安防等領(lǐng)域起著重要的作用�？墒怯捎趥鞲蓄愋头倍�,網(wǎng)絡(luò)龐雜,需要的維護(hù)檢測成本高,尤其專門的檢測設(shè)備動(dòng)輒幾十萬以上,且存在設(shè)備操作復(fù)雜、界面不友好、體型龐大、不能移動(dòng)測量、功能單一等問題,給傳感網(wǎng)絡(luò)的問題定位、排查故障線路等帶來諸多問題�；谝陨侠Ь�,本文對(duì)現(xiàn)存的傳感網(wǎng)絡(luò)進(jìn)行深入研究,研究了光纖傳感網(wǎng)絡(luò)的相關(guān)理論和技術(shù)特點(diǎn),區(qū)別傳感網(wǎng)絡(luò)的適用測試范圍。重點(diǎn)研究了光纖傳感網(wǎng)絡(luò)的光信號(hào)接收檢測,致力于研究制作出能夠檢測微弱信號(hào)的光電探測器,并使探測器便于攜帶,易于升級(jí)和擴(kuò)展應(yīng)用,與其他外設(shè)設(shè)備組合使用,降低接收成本且能保證探測的可靠性。為了提高便攜性,可擴(kuò)展性,結(jié)合市場廣泛存在的智能手機(jī)作為探測器的后續(xù)轉(zhuǎn)換顯示設(shè)備,將探測器結(jié)合手機(jī)作為便攜式的儀器儀表,用于光纖傳感網(wǎng)絡(luò)微弱信號(hào)的檢測。本文主要內(nèi)容及成果有:1、詳細(xì)論述了便于與手機(jī)結(jié)合的光電探測模塊的設(shè)計(jì)過程,具體內(nèi)容包括:探測器的設(shè)計(jì)原理、光電探測器與手機(jī)的接口電路的設(shè)計(jì)、器件選型、噪聲分析、仿真、原理圖和印制板圖設(shè)計(jì)、焊接電路板、實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證等。創(chuàng)新點(diǎn)為:(1)將光探測器檢轉(zhuǎn)換的后的電壓信號(hào)再經(jīng)電壓/頻率(V/F)轉(zhuǎn)換的方式輸出到手機(jī),結(jié)合手機(jī)上安裝的APP和其自身音頻轉(zhuǎn)換模塊進(jìn)行后續(xù)處理,并在手機(jī)屏幕上顯示測量結(jié)果。(2)為了擴(kuò)大檢測范圍,實(shí)現(xiàn)微弱光信號(hào)的檢查,給探測器增加了自動(dòng)切換檔位的功能。基于此思想,在第二章中設(shè)計(jì)了一款可以檢測低頻微弱信號(hào)的便攜式光功率計(jì),它可應(yīng)用于光纖傳感網(wǎng)絡(luò)的功率測試。2、在光纖傳感系統(tǒng)中,使用的更多的是動(dòng)態(tài)信號(hào)的檢測,針對(duì)動(dòng)態(tài)信號(hào)的特點(diǎn),同樣是結(jié)合智能手機(jī)作為接收終端,設(shè)計(jì)了一款可以探測動(dòng)態(tài)信號(hào)的光電探測器,設(shè)計(jì)過程包括:原理分析、仿真確定相關(guān)參數(shù)、原理圖和印制板圖設(shè)計(jì)、光電探測器與手機(jī)的接口電路的設(shè)計(jì)和焊接調(diào)試。在深入分析光纜識(shí)別系統(tǒng)相關(guān)原理后,使用該探測器,結(jié)合手機(jī)制作了一個(gè)便攜式的光纜識(shí)別儀,可用于光纜中不同線路的排查工作。此外,還深入分析了相干檢測的原理及相關(guān)系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu),研究如何進(jìn)一步提升探測的靈敏度。
[Abstract]:Fiber optic sensor network (FSNs) is widely used in our daily life and plays an important role in major engineering health detection, aerospace, security and other fields. However, because of the variety of sensor types, the complex network, the high cost of maintenance and detection, especially the specialized testing equipment, which can easily be used more than several hundred thousand, and the existence of complex equipment operation, unfriendly interface, large size, unable to move measurement, The problem of single function brings many problems to the problem location of sensor network and troubleshooting of fault line. Based on the above difficulties, the existing sensor networks are studied in this paper, the relevant theory and technical characteristics of optical fiber sensor networks are studied, and the applicable testing range of the sensor networks is distinguished. In this paper, the optical signal receiving and detection of optical fiber sensor network is studied emphatically, and the photoelectric detector which can detect weak signal is researched and manufactured, which makes the detector portable, easy to upgrade and expand application, and used in combination with other peripheral equipments. Reduce the cost of receiving and ensure the reliability of detection. In order to improve portability and expansibility, the detector combined with mobile phone is used as portable instrument to detect weak signal in optical fiber sensor network. The main contents and achievements of this paper are as follows: 1. The design process of photoelectric detection module, which is convenient to combine with mobile phone, is discussed in detail, including: the design principle of detector, the design of interface circuit between photodetector and mobile phone, the selection of devices, Noise analysis, simulation, schematic and PCB design, welding circuit board, experimental verification, etc. The innovation point is: 1) output the voltage signal after the photodetector has been checked and converted to the mobile phone through the voltage / frequency V / F conversion mode, combined with the APP installed on the mobile phone and its own audio conversion module for follow-up processing. In order to expand the detection range and realize the detection of weak optical signals, the detector is added the function of automatically switching gears. Based on this idea, a portable optical power meter which can detect low frequency weak signals is designed in the second chapter. It can be applied to the power test of optical fiber sensor network. In the optical fiber sensing system, the detection of dynamic signals is more often used. According to the characteristics of dynamic signal, a photoelectric detector which can detect the dynamic signal is designed, which is also combined with the smart phone as the receiving terminal. The design process includes: principle analysis, simulation and determination of relevant parameters. Schematic diagram and PCB design, optoelectronic detector and mobile phone interface circuit design and welding debugging. After deeply analyzing the related principle of optical cable identification system, a portable optical cable recognition instrument is made by using the detector combined with mobile phone, which can be used to check and check different lines in optical fiber cable. In addition, the principle of coherent detection and the related system structure are analyzed, and how to improve the sensitivity of detection is studied.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TN911.23;TN929.11;TP212.9

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