本文選題：極化電磁散射 + 雷達(dá)截面積　； 參考：《哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：雷達(dá)目標(biāo)的電磁散射特性表征目標(biāo)的固有物理特性,包括幾何結(jié)構(gòu)和材料等信息。一般來說,雷達(dá)目標(biāo)的電磁散射特性包括散射中心特征和極化特性。散射中心特征可以準(zhǔn)確地描述目標(biāo)電磁散射特性和目標(biāo)物理結(jié)構(gòu)。而雷達(dá)目標(biāo)的極化信息可以反演目標(biāo)結(jié)構(gòu),材料,形狀,姿態(tài)取向等。極化特征和散射中心特征的組合可以詳細(xì)地描述目標(biāo)的結(jié)構(gòu)和散射特性,提高雷達(dá)圖像的可理解性。電磁散射特性可以通過兩種方式獲得:實測和仿真。實際測量需要大量的人力物力資源,并不利于大數(shù)據(jù)獲取。因此,在電磁散射理論的基礎(chǔ)上借由計算機(jī)獲得仿真數(shù)據(jù)是目前研究電磁散射特性的重要手段,電磁仿真已經(jīng)成為分析目標(biāo)電磁散射特性的主流方法。傳統(tǒng)圖形電磁計算(GRECO)算法可以快速計算目標(biāo)雷達(dá)截面(RCS),并廣泛用于計算目標(biāo)的電磁散射特性中。然而,RCS僅反映目標(biāo)的散射特性的幅度,而沒有極化信息。為了快速獲得目標(biāo)的極化特征,本文研究并提出了一種極化GRECO算法,以極化散射矩陣表征場景的極化電磁散射特性,從理論上推導(dǎo)出極化散射矩陣與RCS之間的關(guān)系。并利用計算機(jī)圖形學(xué)理論獲取電磁仿真計算所需的計算參數(shù),結(jié)合分屏預(yù)處理的方法,擴(kuò)大了仿真的適用范圍。利用改進(jìn)的物理光學(xué)法,計算場景的極化散射矩陣。并考慮到目標(biāo)的二次散射情況,采用最小夾角法搜索構(gòu)成二次散射的像素對,結(jié)合幾何光學(xué)法和單-雙站等效原理計算二次散射,提高了仿真的精度。最后,使用具有解析解的簡單目標(biāo)驗證算法的正確性,并對典型人造目標(biāo)和典型背景的極化電磁散射特性進(jìn)行仿真。實驗結(jié)果表明,本文所研究的場景極化電磁散射特性仿真的方法——極化GRECO算法,能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)對目標(biāo)或背景的快速極化散射特性仿真。將針對目標(biāo)RCS仿真的傳統(tǒng)GRECO算法拓展到針對場景的極化散射矩陣的仿真中,并且結(jié)合分屏處理步驟、二次散射計算,從仿真參數(shù)的文件數(shù)以及仿真情況的綜合考量上,提高了算法的仿真精度。
[Abstract]:The electromagnetic scattering characteristics of radar targets represent the intrinsic physical properties of the target, including the geometric structure and material information. Generally, the electromagnetic scattering characteristics of the radar target include the scattering center characteristics and the polarization characteristics. The scattering center features can accurately describe the characteristics of the target electromagnetic scattering and the physical structure of the target, and the polarization of the radar target. Information can be used to retrieve target structure, material, shape, attitude orientation, etc. the combination of polarization characteristics and scattering center features can describe the structure and scattering characteristics of the target in detail, and improve the comprehensibility of the radar image. The electromagnetic scattering characteristics can be obtained by two ways: Measurement and simulation. Practical measurement requires a large number of manpower and material resources. It is not conducive to the acquisition of large data. Therefore, using the computer to obtain the simulation data on the basis of the electromagnetic scattering theory is an important means to study the electromagnetic scattering characteristics at present. Electromagnetic simulation has become the main method to analyze the characteristics of the target electromagnetic scattering. The traditional graphic electromagnetic computing (GRECO) algorithm can quickly calculate the target radar cross section (RCS). It is widely used to calculate the electromagnetic scattering characteristics of the target. However, RCS only reflects the amplitude of the scattering characteristics of the target, but there is no polarization information. In order to obtain the polarization characteristics of the target quickly, a polarization GRECO algorithm is proposed in this paper to characterize the polarization electromagnetic scattering characteristics of the field scene with the polarization scattering matrix. The relation between the scattering matrix and the RCS. And using the computer graphics theory to obtain the calculated parameters of the electromagnetic simulation calculation and the application of the split screen preprocessing method, the application range of the simulation is enlarged. The polarization scattering matrix of the scene is calculated by the improved physical optics method, and the two scattering conditions of the target are taken into account, and the minimum clip is used. Corner method is used to form two scattering pixel pairs. Combining geometric optics and single bistatic equivalence principle, two scattering is calculated, and the accuracy of the simulation is improved. Finally, the correctness of the algorithm is verified by a simple target with analytical solution, and the simulation of the characteristic electromagnetic scattering characteristics of typical artificial targets and typical backgrounds is simulated. The experimental results show that The polarization GRECO algorithm, the polarization GRECO algorithm, can be used to simulate the fast polarization scattering characteristics of the target or the background. The traditional GRECO algorithm aimed at the target RCS simulation is extended to the simulation of the polarization scattering matrix for the scene, and the two scattering calculation is combined with the split screen processing step. The simulation accuracy of the algorithm is improved by considering the number of files in the simulation parameters and the comprehensive consideration of the simulation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TN958

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