本文選題：安全檢查　切入點(diǎn)：X射線(xiàn)成像　出處：《科學(xué)通報(bào)》2017年13期 　論文類(lèi)型：期刊論文

【摘要】：暴恐事件的頻發(fā)嚴(yán)重影響了國(guó)際社會(huì)的安全和秩序,給客運(yùn)、貨運(yùn)安全帶來(lái)了前所未有的挑戰(zhàn).有效打擊恐怖活動(dòng),保障人身、財(cái)產(chǎn)安全,是國(guó)內(nèi)乃至全球公共安全領(lǐng)域的重要訴求.因此,如何通過(guò)高技術(shù)手段提升安全檢查能力,成為人們關(guān)注的重要問(wèn)題和研究熱點(diǎn).隨著具有穿透能力的X射線(xiàn)技術(shù)的飛速發(fā)展,使用X射線(xiàn)對(duì)藏匿于貨物、行李及人體內(nèi)外的爆炸物及違禁品進(jìn)行檢查,日益成為目前行之有效的技術(shù)手段.特別是近幾十年來(lái),利用X射線(xiàn)所具有的多種與物質(zhì)相互作用機(jī)制,研究和發(fā)展出多種查驗(yàn)技術(shù),為公共安全提供了重要保障,表現(xiàn)出極其廣泛的應(yīng)用前景.本文對(duì)基于X射線(xiàn)的透視成像、散射成像、X-CT成像、能譜成像、衍射XRD、相襯成像等安全檢查技術(shù)做了全面介紹,針對(duì)主要技術(shù)的物理機(jī)制、應(yīng)用特點(diǎn)及其研究進(jìn)展進(jìn)行了論述,并對(duì)新技術(shù)的研究及應(yīng)用作了展望,以期進(jìn)一步推動(dòng)X射線(xiàn)技術(shù)在公共安全領(lǐng)域發(fā)揮更加重要的作用.
[Abstract]:The frequent occurrence of violent terrorist incidents has seriously affected the security and order of the international community and brought unprecedented challenges to the safety of passenger and freight transport. Therefore, how to improve the ability of safety inspection through high-tech means has become an important issue and research hotspot. With the rapid development of X-ray technology with penetrating ability, it is an important demand in the field of public safety in China and even in the world. The use of X-rays to inspect explosives and contraband hidden inside and outside cargo, luggage and human bodies has increasingly become an effective technical means at present, especially in recent decades. By using the mechanism of interaction between X ray and matter, a variety of identification techniques have been studied and developed, which provide an important guarantee for public safety and show a very wide application prospect. In this paper, the perspective imaging based on X ray is studied. Scattering imaging X-CT imaging, energy spectrum imaging, diffractive XRD, phase contrast imaging and other safety inspection techniques are introduced. The physical mechanism, application characteristics and research progress of the main techniques are discussed. The research and application of new technology are prospected in order to promote the more important role of X-ray technology in the field of public safety.
【作者單位】： 清華大學(xué)工程物理系;粒子技術(shù)與輻射成像教育部重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室(清華大學(xué));
【基金】：國(guó)家杰出青年科學(xué)基金(11525521) 國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金重點(diǎn)項(xiàng)目(11435007,11235007) 國(guó)家重大科學(xué)儀器設(shè)備開(kāi)發(fā)專(zhuān)項(xiàng)(2012YQ140037)資助
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：D035.39;O434.19
，

本文編號(hào)：1562194