本文選題：安全檢查　切入點：X射線成像　出處：《科學通報》2017年13期 　論文類型：期刊論文

【摘要】：暴恐事件的頻發(fā)嚴重影響了國際社會的安全和秩序,給客運、貨運安全帶來了前所未有的挑戰(zhàn).有效打擊恐怖活動,保障人身、財產安全,是國內乃至全球公共安全領域的重要訴求.因此,如何通過高技術手段提升安全檢查能力,成為人們關注的重要問題和研究熱點.隨著具有穿透能力的X射線技術的飛速發(fā)展,使用X射線對藏匿于貨物、行李及人體內外的爆炸物及違禁品進行檢查,日益成為目前行之有效的技術手段.特別是近幾十年來,利用X射線所具有的多種與物質相互作用機制,研究和發(fā)展出多種查驗技術,為公共安全提供了重要保障,表現(xiàn)出極其廣泛的應用前景.本文對基于X射線的透視成像、散射成像、X-CT成像、能譜成像、衍射XRD、相襯成像等安全檢查技術做了全面介紹,針對主要技術的物理機制、應用特點及其研究進展進行了論述,并對新技術的研究及應用作了展望,以期進一步推動X射線技術在公共安全領域發(fā)揮更加重要的作用.
[Abstract]:The frequent occurrence of violent terrorist incidents has seriously affected the security and order of the international community and brought unprecedented challenges to the safety of passenger and freight transport. Therefore, how to improve the ability of safety inspection through high-tech means has become an important issue and research hotspot. With the rapid development of X-ray technology with penetrating ability, it is an important demand in the field of public safety in China and even in the world. The use of X-rays to inspect explosives and contraband hidden inside and outside cargo, luggage and human bodies has increasingly become an effective technical means at present, especially in recent decades. By using the mechanism of interaction between X ray and matter, a variety of identification techniques have been studied and developed, which provide an important guarantee for public safety and show a very wide application prospect. In this paper, the perspective imaging based on X ray is studied. Scattering imaging X-CT imaging, energy spectrum imaging, diffractive XRD, phase contrast imaging and other safety inspection techniques are introduced. The physical mechanism, application characteristics and research progress of the main techniques are discussed. The research and application of new technology are prospected in order to promote the more important role of X-ray technology in the field of public safety.
【作者單位】： 清華大學工程物理系;粒子技術與輻射成像教育部重點實驗室(清華大學);
【基金】：國家杰出青年科學基金(11525521) 國家自然科學基金重點項目(11435007,11235007) 國家重大科學儀器設備開發(fā)專項(2012YQ140037)資助
【分類號】：D035.39;O434.19
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本文編號：1562194