發(fā)布時間：2019-07-05 08:15

【摘要】：近年來,伴隨著我國城市化進程的加快和機動車保有量的快速增長,城市的擁堵狀況越來越嚴重,而大力發(fā)展城市公共交通是緩解城市交通擁堵的一劑良藥。通過公交調(diào)度手段提高公共交通的服務質(zhì)量和吸引力,是公共交通研究中的一個重要領域。針對靜態(tài)公交運營計劃在實際情況中可能不能滿足公交運營需求的情況,在實際情況中需要對公交調(diào)度計劃進行動態(tài)的調(diào)整,進而提升公交服務的水平。隨著物聯(lián)網(wǎng)和智能公交技術的發(fā)展,如何利用大量的實時信息實施有效的實時調(diào)度成為動態(tài)調(diào)度理論研究的新難點。本文正是在此基礎上展開了對物聯(lián)網(wǎng)環(huán)境下的城市公交動態(tài)調(diào)度方法的研究,主要的研究工作包括如下幾個方面：第一,建立了城市公交動態(tài)調(diào)度模型,確立了基于客流系數(shù)判斷的動態(tài)調(diào)度流程圖,流程圖中包含了動態(tài)發(fā)車間隔調(diào)整,越站調(diào)度,區(qū)間車調(diào)度,中途放車調(diào)度和短掉頭調(diào)度等動態(tài)調(diào)度方法。第二,建立以滾動時間窗為背景的公交單線路動態(tài)發(fā)車模型,模型中考慮了物聯(lián)網(wǎng)環(huán)境下能夠采集大量的實時信息,以最小化的乘客等車時間作為優(yōu)化的目標,設計了遺傳算法對模型進行求解,并通過了幾個典型的案例進行實驗分析,實驗的優(yōu)化結(jié)果符合預期。針對多周期的情形設計了動態(tài)進化算法進行求解,實驗結(jié)果表明動態(tài)進化算法的求解效率更高。第三,針對公交單線路,建立了單方向和雙方向的公交停站控制模型,其中單方向的停站控制模型對應越站調(diào)度和區(qū)間車調(diào)度兩種策略,雙方向的停站控制模型對應短掉頭調(diào)度和中途放車調(diào)度兩種策略。模型以物聯(lián)網(wǎng)環(huán)境為基礎,考慮了大量的實時交通信息。然后,結(jié)合前文提出公交動態(tài)調(diào)度流程圖進行了仿真實驗,最好的優(yōu)化結(jié)果使得系統(tǒng)成本降低了32%。第四,在所提出的公交動態(tài)調(diào)度理論的基礎上,參與了城市公交智能運營調(diào)度平臺軟件系統(tǒng)的開發(fā),應用Visual Studio 2010發(fā)開平臺,結(jié)合SQL Server 2008數(shù)據(jù)庫,使用C#語言完成了軟件系統(tǒng)中的動態(tài)調(diào)度模塊和公交仿真模塊的開發(fā),將文中的動態(tài)調(diào)度方法嵌入了軟件系統(tǒng),通過沈陽市公交線網(wǎng)數(shù)據(jù),提供了較好的公交動態(tài)調(diào)度功能。
文內(nèi)圖片：
圖片說明：圖１．３本文的技術路線圖逡逑Ｆｉｇ．邋１．３邋Ｔｅｃｈｎｏｌｏｇｙ邋ｒｏａｄｍａｐ逡逑第二，總結(jié)目前公交動態(tài)調(diào)度的相關研究，，Ｗ提出符合中國交通發(fā)展狀況的逡逑動態(tài)調(diào)度方法作為研究的重點
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the acceleration of urbanization and the rapid growth of motor vehicle ownership in China, urban congestion is becoming more and more serious, and the development of urban public transport is a good medicine to alleviate urban traffic congestion. It is an important field in public transport research to improve the service quality and attraction of public transport by means of public transport scheduling. In view of the fact that the static bus operation plan may not be able to meet the public transport operation demand in the actual situation, it is necessary to adjust the bus dispatching plan dynamically in the actual situation, so as to improve the level of public transport service. With the development of Internet of things and intelligent public transport technology, how to use a large number of real-time information to implement effective real-time scheduling has become a new difficulty in the study of dynamic scheduling theory. On this basis, this paper studies the dynamic dispatching method of urban public transport under the environment of Internet of things. The main research work includes the following aspects: first, the dynamic dispatching model of urban public transport is established, and the dynamic scheduling flow chart based on passenger flow coefficient judgment is established. The flow chart includes dynamic departure interval adjustment, over-station dispatching, interval vehicle scheduling. Dynamic scheduling methods, such as midway dispatching and short turn scheduling. Secondly, a dynamic departure model of single bus line based on rolling time window is established. In the model, a large number of real-time information can be collected under the environment of the Internet of things, and the genetic algorithm is designed to solve the model with the goal of minimizing the waiting time of passengers. Through several typical cases, the experimental results are in accordance with expectations. A dynamic evolutionary algorithm is designed to solve the multi-period case, and the experimental results show that the dynamic evolutionary algorithm is more efficient. Thirdly, for the single bus line, the one-way and two-way bus stop control models are established, in which the one-way stop control model corresponds to two strategies: cross-stop scheduling and interval vehicle scheduling, and the two-way stop control model corresponds to two strategies: short turn scheduling and midway dispatching. The model is based on the Internet of things environment and takes into account a large number of real-time traffic information. Then, combined with the previous dynamic bus scheduling flow chart, the simulation experiment is carried out, and the best optimization results reduce the system cost by 32%. Fourth, on the basis of the proposed theory of dynamic bus scheduling, it participates in the development of software system of intelligent operation and dispatching platform for urban public transport. The dynamic dispatching module and bus simulation module in the software system are developed by using Visual Studio 2010 platform, combined with SQL Server 2008 database, and the dynamic scheduling method in this paper is embedded into the software system, and through the data of Shenyang bus network, It provides a good dynamic bus scheduling function.
【學位授予單位】：東北大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：U491.17;TP391.44;TN929.5

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相關期刊論文 前1條

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