【摘要】：近年來(lái),伴隨著我國(guó)城市化進(jìn)程的加快和機(jī)動(dòng)車(chē)保有量的快速增長(zhǎng),城市的擁堵?tīng)顩r越來(lái)越嚴(yán)重,而大力發(fā)展城市公共交通是緩解城市交通擁堵的一劑良藥。通過(guò)公交調(diào)度手段提高公共交通的服務(wù)質(zhì)量和吸引力,是公共交通研究中的一個(gè)重要領(lǐng)域。針對(duì)靜態(tài)公交運(yùn)營(yíng)計(jì)劃在實(shí)際情況中可能不能滿足公交運(yùn)營(yíng)需求的情況,在實(shí)際情況中需要對(duì)公交調(diào)度計(jì)劃進(jìn)行動(dòng)態(tài)的調(diào)整,進(jìn)而提升公交服務(wù)的水平。隨著物聯(lián)網(wǎng)和智能公交技術(shù)的發(fā)展,如何利用大量的實(shí)時(shí)信息實(shí)施有效的實(shí)時(shí)調(diào)度成為動(dòng)態(tài)調(diào)度理論研究的新難點(diǎn)。本文正是在此基礎(chǔ)上展開(kāi)了對(duì)物聯(lián)網(wǎng)環(huán)境下的城市公交動(dòng)態(tài)調(diào)度方法的研究,主要的研究工作包括如下幾個(gè)方面：第一,建立了城市公交動(dòng)態(tài)調(diào)度模型,確立了基于客流系數(shù)判斷的動(dòng)態(tài)調(diào)度流程圖,流程圖中包含了動(dòng)態(tài)發(fā)車(chē)間隔調(diào)整,越站調(diào)度,區(qū)間車(chē)調(diào)度,中途放車(chē)調(diào)度和短掉頭調(diào)度等動(dòng)態(tài)調(diào)度方法。第二,建立以滾動(dòng)時(shí)間窗為背景的公交單線路動(dòng)態(tài)發(fā)車(chē)模型,模型中考慮了物聯(lián)網(wǎng)環(huán)境下能夠采集大量的實(shí)時(shí)信息,以最小化的乘客等車(chē)時(shí)間作為優(yōu)化的目標(biāo),設(shè)計(jì)了遺傳算法對(duì)模型進(jìn)行求解,并通過(guò)了幾個(gè)典型的案例進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)分析,實(shí)驗(yàn)的優(yōu)化結(jié)果符合預(yù)期。針對(duì)多周期的情形設(shè)計(jì)了動(dòng)態(tài)進(jìn)化算法進(jìn)行求解,實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明動(dòng)態(tài)進(jìn)化算法的求解效率更高。第三,針對(duì)公交單線路,建立了單方向和雙方向的公交停站控制模型,其中單方向的停站控制模型對(duì)應(yīng)越站調(diào)度和區(qū)間車(chē)調(diào)度兩種策略,雙方向的停站控制模型對(duì)應(yīng)短掉頭調(diào)度和中途放車(chē)調(diào)度兩種策略。模型以物聯(lián)網(wǎng)環(huán)境為基礎(chǔ),考慮了大量的實(shí)時(shí)交通信息。然后,結(jié)合前文提出公交動(dòng)態(tài)調(diào)度流程圖進(jìn)行了仿真實(shí)驗(yàn),最好的優(yōu)化結(jié)果使得系統(tǒng)成本降低了32%。第四,在所提出的公交動(dòng)態(tài)調(diào)度理論的基礎(chǔ)上,參與了城市公交智能運(yùn)營(yíng)調(diào)度平臺(tái)軟件系統(tǒng)的開(kāi)發(fā),應(yīng)用Visual Studio 2010發(fā)開(kāi)平臺(tái),結(jié)合SQL Server 2008數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù),使用C#語(yǔ)言完成了軟件系統(tǒng)中的動(dòng)態(tài)調(diào)度模塊和公交仿真模塊的開(kāi)發(fā),將文中的動(dòng)態(tài)調(diào)度方法嵌入了軟件系統(tǒng),通過(guò)沈陽(yáng)市公交線網(wǎng)數(shù)據(jù),提供了較好的公交動(dòng)態(tài)調(diào)度功能。
文內(nèi)圖片：
圖片說(shuō)明：圖１．３本文的技術(shù)路線圖逡逑Ｆｉｇ．邋１．３邋Ｔｅｃｈｎｏｌｏｇｙ邋ｒｏａｄｍａｐ逡逑第二，總結(jié)目前公交動(dòng)態(tài)調(diào)度的相關(guān)研究，，Ｗ提出符合中國(guó)交通發(fā)展?fàn)顩r的逡逑動(dòng)態(tài)調(diào)度方法作為研究的重點(diǎn)
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the acceleration of urbanization and the rapid growth of motor vehicle ownership in China, urban congestion is becoming more and more serious, and the development of urban public transport is a good medicine to alleviate urban traffic congestion. It is an important field in public transport research to improve the service quality and attraction of public transport by means of public transport scheduling. In view of the fact that the static bus operation plan may not be able to meet the public transport operation demand in the actual situation, it is necessary to adjust the bus dispatching plan dynamically in the actual situation, so as to improve the level of public transport service. With the development of Internet of things and intelligent public transport technology, how to use a large number of real-time information to implement effective real-time scheduling has become a new difficulty in the study of dynamic scheduling theory. On this basis, this paper studies the dynamic dispatching method of urban public transport under the environment of Internet of things. The main research work includes the following aspects: first, the dynamic dispatching model of urban public transport is established, and the dynamic scheduling flow chart based on passenger flow coefficient judgment is established. The flow chart includes dynamic departure interval adjustment, over-station dispatching, interval vehicle scheduling. Dynamic scheduling methods, such as midway dispatching and short turn scheduling. Secondly, a dynamic departure model of single bus line based on rolling time window is established. In the model, a large number of real-time information can be collected under the environment of the Internet of things, and the genetic algorithm is designed to solve the model with the goal of minimizing the waiting time of passengers. Through several typical cases, the experimental results are in accordance with expectations. A dynamic evolutionary algorithm is designed to solve the multi-period case, and the experimental results show that the dynamic evolutionary algorithm is more efficient. Thirdly, for the single bus line, the one-way and two-way bus stop control models are established, in which the one-way stop control model corresponds to two strategies: cross-stop scheduling and interval vehicle scheduling, and the two-way stop control model corresponds to two strategies: short turn scheduling and midway dispatching. The model is based on the Internet of things environment and takes into account a large number of real-time traffic information. Then, combined with the previous dynamic bus scheduling flow chart, the simulation experiment is carried out, and the best optimization results reduce the system cost by 32%. Fourth, on the basis of the proposed theory of dynamic bus scheduling, it participates in the development of software system of intelligent operation and dispatching platform for urban public transport. The dynamic dispatching module and bus simulation module in the software system are developed by using Visual Studio 2010 platform, combined with SQL Server 2008 database, and the dynamic scheduling method in this paper is embedded into the software system, and through the data of Shenyang bus network, It provides a good dynamic bus scheduling function.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：U491.17;TP391.44;TN929.5

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

1 鄒迎,黃濺華,唐禎敏;公交車(chē)動(dòng)態(tài)調(diào)度模型研究[J];數(shù)學(xué)的實(shí)踐與認(rèn)識(shí);2003年06期

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