發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-07-03 11:45

【摘要】：集成了傳感器、嵌入式計(jì)算、網(wǎng)絡(luò)和無(wú)線(xiàn)通信四大技術(shù)而形成的無(wú)線(xiàn)傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)是一種全新的信息獲取和處理技術(shù),它是一種新型的無(wú)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施的無(wú)線(xiàn)網(wǎng)絡(luò),能夠協(xié)作地實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)測(cè)、感知和采集各種環(huán)境或監(jiān)測(cè)對(duì)象的信息,并對(duì)其進(jìn)行處理,傳送到需要這些信息的用戶(hù)。無(wú)線(xiàn)傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)是計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)技術(shù)的一個(gè)新的研究領(lǐng)域,具有十分廣闊的應(yīng)用前景,引起了學(xué)術(shù)界和工業(yè)界的高度重視。 本文的主要內(nèi)容是對(duì)無(wú)線(xiàn)傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)的路由協(xié)議的設(shè)計(jì),無(wú)線(xiàn)傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)節(jié)點(diǎn)數(shù)量龐大、單個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn)資源極其有限,其路由協(xié)議設(shè)計(jì)的首要目標(biāo)是有效節(jié)約能源,延長(zhǎng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)生命周期。作者分析和比較了國(guó)外提出的幾種針對(duì)無(wú)線(xiàn)傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)的路由協(xié)議,并借鑒其中的優(yōu)秀思想,設(shè)計(jì)出一種基于協(xié)商機(jī)制的能源有效性路由協(xié)議  NBEERP。 NBEERP是一種基于協(xié)商機(jī)制的層次型路由協(xié)議。從網(wǎng)絡(luò)結(jié)構(gòu)上看,它將網(wǎng)絡(luò)劃分成不同的簇類(lèi),每個(gè)簇類(lèi)由一個(gè)簇頭節(jié)點(diǎn)和若干普通節(jié)點(diǎn)組成,簇頭節(jié)點(diǎn)處于較高的層次,不僅承擔(dān)感知數(shù)據(jù)的任務(wù),還要接收簇內(nèi)普通節(jié)點(diǎn)傳輸?shù)臄?shù)據(jù)、進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)融合,并把處理后的數(shù)據(jù)傳向Sink節(jié)點(diǎn);普通節(jié)點(diǎn)處于較低的級(jí)別,只進(jìn)行感知和向簇頭節(jié)點(diǎn)傳輸數(shù)據(jù)的任務(wù)。從時(shí)間上看,NBEERP將網(wǎng)絡(luò)生命周期細(xì)化為一個(gè)一個(gè)的回合,每個(gè)回合分為兩個(gè)階段操作,即簇類(lèi)形成階段和數(shù)據(jù)傳輸階段,數(shù)據(jù)傳輸階段持續(xù)的時(shí)間比簇類(lèi)形成階段長(zhǎng)。在簇類(lèi)形成階段,按照不同的要求,采用集中式和分布式相結(jié)合的方式形成簇類(lèi),簇類(lèi)中每個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn)都維護(hù)著通往Sink節(jié)點(diǎn)的多條路由。在數(shù)據(jù)傳輸階段,簇內(nèi)節(jié)點(diǎn)采用元數(shù)據(jù)協(xié)商的方式向簇頭節(jié)點(diǎn)傳輸自身采集的數(shù)據(jù),簇頭節(jié)點(diǎn)接收完其簇內(nèi)所有節(jié)點(diǎn)傳輸?shù)臄?shù)據(jù),經(jīng)過(guò)數(shù)據(jù)融合后再向Sink節(jié)點(diǎn)傳輸。每經(jīng)過(guò)一個(gè)回合,都依據(jù)一定的策略對(duì)網(wǎng)絡(luò)進(jìn)行簇類(lèi)的動(dòng)態(tài)劃分和簇頭節(jié)點(diǎn)的重新選擇,確保整個(gè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)在較低的能耗水平下獲得較高的吞吐量和較長(zhǎng)的生命周期。經(jīng)ns2平臺(tái)上的仿真測(cè)試,證明NBEERP基本達(dá)到了路由協(xié)議設(shè)計(jì)目標(biāo)。
[Abstract]:Wireless sensor network, which integrates four technologies: sensor, embedded computing, network and wireless communication, is a new information acquisition and processing technology. It is a new type of wireless network without infrastructure, which can monitor, sense and collect the information of various environments or monitoring objects in real time, and process it to the users who need this information. Wireless sensor network (WSN) is a new research field of computer science and technology, which has a very broad application prospect and has attracted great attention of academia and industry. The main content of this paper is the design of routing protocol for wireless sensor networks. The number of nodes in wireless sensor networks is huge and the resources of a single node are extremely limited. The primary goal of routing protocol design is to effectively save energy and prolong the network life cycle. In this paper, several routing protocols for wireless sensor networks proposed abroad are analyzed and compared, and an energy efficient routing protocol based on negotiation mechanism (NBEERP.) is designed by using the excellent ideas of these protocols for reference. NBEERP is a hierarchical routing protocol based on negotiation mechanism. From the point of view of network structure, it divides the network into different cluster classes, each cluster class is composed of a cluster head node and several ordinary nodes. The cluster head node is at a higher level, which not only undertakes the task of sensing the data, but also receives the data transmitted by the ordinary nodes in the cluster, carries on the data fusion, and transmits the processed data to the Sink node. Ordinary nodes are at a lower level and only sense and transmit data to cluster head nodes. In terms of time, NBEERP refines the network life cycle into one round, each round is divided into two stages, namely, cluster class formation stage and data transmission stage. The duration of data transmission stage is longer than that of cluster class formation stage. In the stage of cluster class formation, according to different requirements, cluster classes are formed by combining centralized and distributed methods. Each node in the cluster class maintains multiple routes to Sink nodes. In the data transmission stage, the node in the cluster transmits the data collected by itself to the cluster head node by means of metadata negotiation. The cluster head node receives the data transmitted by all the nodes in the cluster and transmits it to the Sink node after data fusion. After each round, the dynamic division of cluster classes and the re-selection of cluster head nodes are carried out according to certain strategies to ensure that the whole network can obtain higher throughput and longer life cycle at a lower energy consumption level. Through the simulation test on ns2 platform, it is proved that NBEERP has basically achieved the goal of routing protocol design.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：電子科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2004
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TN925

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

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相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前10條

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本文編號(hào)：2509356