【摘要】：隨著現(xiàn)代通信技術(shù)的飛速發(fā)展和無(wú)線通信信息系統(tǒng)多功能化、超帶寬以及大容量的不斷需求,同一通信設(shè)備需要的天線數(shù)量將不斷增加,這樣將導(dǎo)致系統(tǒng)模塊體積增加、負(fù)重增加、電磁不兼容、噪聲干擾等問(wèn)題。因此,為了在擴(kuò)展系統(tǒng)功能的同時(shí),滿足減小系統(tǒng)體積、簡(jiǎn)化硬件模塊、靈活調(diào)節(jié)頻率等要求,采用具有頻率調(diào)諧作用的單一天線為以上問(wèn)題提供了一個(gè)很好的解決方案,可以極大地改善設(shè)備整個(gè)系統(tǒng)的性能,解決傳統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)對(duì)無(wú)線通信系統(tǒng)發(fā)展的制約,使系統(tǒng)具有靈活多變的頻率和輻射性能。本文的研究圍繞可調(diào)諧天線展開(kāi),以微帶天線為基礎(chǔ)進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì),提出了兩種實(shí)現(xiàn)可調(diào)諧天線的設(shè)計(jì)方案并比較了其優(yōu)劣性。論文主要內(nèi)容分為以下幾部分:1.本文簡(jiǎn)要介紹了可調(diào)諧天線的基本概念和研究背景,針對(duì)頻率可調(diào)諧天線的國(guó)內(nèi)外現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行了分析和總結(jié),介紹了天線的基本參數(shù)并進(jìn)行了解決方案的比較和選擇。2.本文從傳統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)方法出發(fā)設(shè)計(jì)了一款同軸饋電矩形開(kāi)縫的微帶天線,通過(guò)在地面以及輻射貼片兩側(cè)加載可變電容實(shí)現(xiàn)天線的連續(xù)頻率的調(diào)諧以及阻抗調(diào)配,同時(shí)在矩形輻射貼片縫隙中加載RF MEMS開(kāi)關(guān)實(shí)現(xiàn)天線離散頻率的變化,這樣可以實(shí)現(xiàn)天線調(diào)諧頻率范圍的拓寬。仿真結(jié)果證明所設(shè)計(jì)的天線實(shí)現(xiàn)了1.8GHz~2.5GHz的頻率范圍,在整個(gè)頻率范圍內(nèi)回波損耗都能夠小于-10dB。3.本文提出了一種基于帶通濾波器和UWB天線新穎可調(diào)諧天線的設(shè)計(jì)方法。該方法使用帶通濾波器作為UWB天線饋線,天線諧振頻率將由帶通濾波器所決定。因此,可以通過(guò)在帶通濾波器上加載RF MEMS開(kāi)關(guān)以及變?nèi)荻䴓O管改變?yōu)V波器的諧振電長(zhǎng)度來(lái)改變天線的諧振頻率。這一設(shè)計(jì)思想顛覆了傳統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)思路,可以在不改變天線輸入阻抗、不改變饋線阻抗的前提下實(shí)現(xiàn)可調(diào)諧天線。仿真和實(shí)測(cè)結(jié)果均證明了該設(shè)計(jì)的有效性,在1.7GHz~2.15GHz、2.27GHz~2.7GHz、2.76GHz~3.15GHz范圍內(nèi)都能達(dá)到-15dB以下的回波損耗,阻抗匹配良好。理論上該天線的頻率調(diào)諧范圍可以達(dá)到與超帶寬天線帶寬一樣。4.本文將兩種設(shè)計(jì)思想進(jìn)行了比較,分析了各自的優(yōu)點(diǎn)和缺點(diǎn)。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of modern communication technology and the multi-function of wireless communication information system, the number of antennas needed by the same communication equipment will continue to increase, which will lead to the increase of the volume of system modules. Load increase, electromagnetic incompatibility, noise interference and so on. Therefore, in order to expand the function of the system, reduce the volume of the system, simplify the hardware module, flexibly adjust the frequency and so on, the single antenna with frequency tuning provides a good solution to the above problems. It can greatly improve the performance of the whole system of the equipment, solve the restriction of the traditional design on the development of the wireless communication system, and make the system have flexible frequency and radiation performance. In this paper, the research revolves around the tunable antenna and is designed on the basis of the microstrip antenna. Two design schemes to realize the tunable antenna are proposed and their advantages and disadvantages are compared. The main contents of the paper are divided into the following parts: 1. In this paper, the basic concept and research background of tunable antenna are briefly introduced, the present situation of frequency tunable antenna at home and abroad is analyzed and summarized, the basic parameters of antenna are introduced, and the solutions are compared and selected. 2. In this paper, a coaxial fed rectangular slit microstrip antenna is designed based on the traditional design method. The continuous frequency tuning and impedance allocation of the antenna are realized by loading variable capacitors on the ground and on both sides of the radiation patch. At the same time, the discrete frequency of the antenna can be changed by loading the RF MEMS switch in the slot of the rectangular radiation patch, so that the tuning frequency range of the antenna can be broadened. The simulation results show that the designed antenna realizes the frequency range of 1.8GHz~2.5GHz, and the echo loss is less than-10dB.3 in the whole frequency range. In this paper, a novel tunable antenna design method based on band-pass filter and UWB antenna is proposed. In this method, the bandpass filter is used as the feeder of UWB antenna, and the resonant frequency of the antenna will be determined by the bandpass filter. Therefore, the resonant frequency of the antenna can be changed by loading the RF MEMS switch on the band-pass filter and changing the resonant electric length of the filter. This design idea subverts the traditional design idea and can realize tunable antenna without changing the input impedance of antenna and feeder impedance. The simulation and measured results show that the design is effective, and the echo loss below-15dB can be achieved in the range of 1.7 GHz 鈮，

本文編號(hào)：2484704