【摘要】：本文立足于民航上的實際應(yīng)用,設(shè)計出一款具有超寬帶性能的檢測天線,其目的在于能夠在飛機上實現(xiàn)對3G手機信號(2100MHz、1800MHz頻段)、Wi-Fi信號(2.4GHz 和 5GHz 頻段)、藍(lán)牙(2.4GHz 頻段)、WiMax(3.3GHz-3.7GHz頻段)、及UWB通信頻段(3.1GHz-9.3GHz)的檢測及發(fā)現(xiàn),避免這些民用通信頻段對飛機飛行產(chǎn)生干擾,影響飛行安全。木文以實際需求為出發(fā)點,基于超寬帶天線、陷波、天線小型化等相關(guān)理論,設(shè)計出了具有陷波特性、小型化的超寬帶檢測天線。最后對天線進行仿真和測試,結(jié)果滿足實際要求。本文的主要內(nèi)容如下:(1)首先,為了得到足夠的工作帶寬,本文采用共面波導(dǎo)技術(shù)設(shè)計了一個新型的超寬帶圓形單極子天線,印刷在FR4介質(zhì)板上,天線的整體尺寸為40mm*50mm,并用缺陷地結(jié)果改善了天線的阻抗匹配特性。通過HFSS軟件對該天線進行了仿真,仿真結(jié)果表明該天線在2.1GHz-13.45GHz上具有很好的阻抗匹配特性,且天線在工作頻段內(nèi)具有很好的全向性,是一個全向型的天線。(2)為了更好地實現(xiàn)天線的檢測功能,木文采用了分形結(jié)構(gòu),實現(xiàn)了對3G手機信號(1800MHz頻段)的檢測以及天線的小型化設(shè)計。使得天線在保持尺寸不變的條件下,工作帶寬向低頻段移動300MHz,最終實現(xiàn)了 1.8GHz-13.45GHz的工作帶寬。(3)由于飛機上自身存在一定通信頻段,例如飛機自帶的無線電高度表(4.2-4.4GHz)和機載的氣象雷達(9.33GHz、9.345GHz 和 9.375GHz)。為了排除飛機自身通信頻段的干擾,更好的實現(xiàn)天線的檢測性能,木文在單陷波天線的基礎(chǔ)上,設(shè)計了一個雙陷波天線,將飛機無線電高度表頻段和機載氣象雷達頻率同時濾除掉,很好的解決了飛機自帶無線電信號的干擾問題,并且沒有增加系統(tǒng)的復(fù)雜性。
[Abstract]:Based on the practical application of civil aviation, this paper designs a detection antenna with ultra-wideband performance. The purpose of this antenna is to realize 3G mobile phone signal (2100MHz, 1800 MHz band), Wi-Fi signal (2.4GHz and 5GHz band) on aircraft. The detection and discovery of Bluetooth (2.4GHz band), WiMax (3.3GHz-3.7GHz band) and UWB communication frequency band (3.1GHz-9.3GHz) can avoid the interference of these civil communication bands to the flight of aircraft and affect the flight safety. Based on the theory of UWB antenna, notch and miniaturization, a miniaturized UWB detection antenna is designed in this paper. Finally, the antenna is simulated and tested, and the results meet the practical requirements. The main contents of this paper are as follows: (1) in order to obtain sufficient bandwidth, a novel ultra-wideband circular monopole antenna is designed by using coplanar waveguide technique, which is printed on a FR4 dielectric plate. The overall size of the antenna is 40 mm to 50 mm, and the impedance matching characteristics of the antenna are improved by the defect results. The antenna is simulated by HFSS software. The simulation results show that the antenna has a good impedance matching characteristic on 2.1GHz-13.45GHz, and the antenna has a good omnidirectivity in the operating frequency band. It is an omni-directional antenna. (2) in order to realize the detection function of the antenna better, the paper adopts fractal structure, realizes the detection of 3G mobile phone signal (1800MHz band) and the design of antenna miniaturization. Under the condition of keeping the size constant, the operating bandwidth of the antenna moves from 300MHz to low frequency band, and finally realizes the working bandwidth of 1.8GHz-13.45GHz. (3) there is a certain communication frequency band on the aircraft. Examples include the aircraft's own radio altimeter (4.2-4.4GHz) and airborne weather radar (9.33GHz, 9.345 GHz and 9.375GHz). In order to eliminate the interference of the aircraft's own communication frequency band and realize the detection performance of the antenna better, a double notch antenna is designed on the basis of the single notch antenna. The frequency band of aircraft radio altimeter and the frequency of airborne meteorological radar are filtered out at the same time, which solves the interference problem of aircraft's own radio signal, and does not increase the complexity of the system.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TN822.8

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