【摘要】：雪崩光電二極管(APD)是一種量子效率高、靈敏度高、頻率響應特性好的光電探測器,在激光雷達、微光探測、光纖通信等領域中有著重要應用。大探測視場角脈沖式激光雷達在白天工作時,背景光通常是其APD探測系統(tǒng)的主要噪聲來源,因此,有必要探究激光雷達中APD在不同背景光下的噪聲特性,以利于APD最佳倍增工作點的設定,提高激光雷達探測信噪比。 論文深入調研了國內外關于APD工作原理、噪聲成因及理論模型等方面的最新研究成果,以南京理工大學信息與物理工程系研發(fā)的激光雷達回波信號接收機為原型,設計了C30950E型Si-APD噪聲測量系統(tǒng)。論文使用Tektronix公司生產的TDS5054B型數(shù)字示波器對APD噪聲信號進行采樣,并根據(jù)數(shù)字信號處理和數(shù)理統(tǒng)計理論,使用Matlab和Origin軟件對噪聲數(shù)據(jù)進行分析,深入研究了不同背景光條件下激光雷達系統(tǒng)中Si-APD的噪聲特性。 根據(jù)對噪聲數(shù)據(jù)的統(tǒng)計分析,論文給出了在恒定溫度環(huán)境下,APD噪聲電壓有效值與入射背景光功率、APD偏置電壓之間的關系,探討了飽和現(xiàn)象對APD工作性能的影響；指出APD工作在線性模式時,在本文選定的背景光入射條件下,APD探測系統(tǒng)的噪聲幅度概率分布均為高斯分布；通過對APD噪聲功率譜的分析,明確了噪聲功率譜特征及APD探測系統(tǒng)帶寬。 本次論文研究為激光雷達光學接收系統(tǒng)的設計提供了依據(jù),有利于激光雷達最佳工作狀態(tài)的確定和信噪比的改善,在激光雷達領域有重要應用。
[Abstract]:Avalanche photodiode (APD) is a kind of photodetector with high quantum efficiency, high sensitivity and good frequency response. It has important applications in the fields of laser radar, low light level detection, optical fiber communication and so on. Background light is usually the main source of noise in the APD detection system of large field of view pulse lidar during daytime work. Therefore, it is necessary to explore the noise characteristics of APD in Lidar under different background light, so it is necessary to explore the noise characteristics of APD in Lidar under different background light. In order to improve the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of Lidar detection, the optimal operating point of APD is set. In this paper, the latest research results about the working principle, the cause of noise and the theoretical model of APD at home and abroad are deeply investigated. The prototype is the Lidar echo signal receiver developed by Nanjing University of Science and Technology's Information and physical Engineering Department. A C30950E Si-APD noise measurement system is designed. In this paper, TDS5054B digital oscilloscope produced by Tektronix company is used to sample the APD noise signal. According to the theory of digital signal processing and mathematical statistics, the noise data are analyzed by Matlab and Origin software. In this paper, the noise characteristics of Si-APD in Lidar system under different background light conditions are studied in depth. According to the statistical analysis of the noise data, the relationship between the effective value of the APD noise voltage and the incident background light power and the APD bias voltage under the constant temperature is given, and the influence of saturation on the performance of the APD is discussed. It is pointed out that when APD works in linear mode, the probability distribution of noise amplitude of APD detection system is Gao Si distribution under the background light incidence condition selected in this paper. Through the analysis of APD noise power spectrum, the characteristics of noise power spectrum and the bandwidth of APD detection system are defined. This paper provides a basis for the design of Lidar optical receiving system, which is conducive to the determination of the optimal working state and the improvement of signal-to-noise ratio of lidar. It has important applications in the field of lidar.
【學位授予單位】：南京理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TN958.98

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