【摘要】：隨著電子通信領(lǐng)域特別是衛(wèi)星通信的快速發(fā)展,Ku波段雙極化天線的研究成為了熱點(diǎn)。波導(dǎo)縫隙天線已廣泛的運(yùn)用于導(dǎo)彈、飛機(jī)等高速運(yùn)動(dòng)的飛行器領(lǐng)域,其突出的優(yōu)越性,同樣適用于衛(wèi)星通信領(lǐng)域。 本文探討了矩形波導(dǎo)縫隙的輻射機(jī)理,波導(dǎo)縫隙的各種形式以及對(duì)應(yīng)形式的理論分析方法。分析了波導(dǎo)陣列的結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)以及泰勒口徑分布理論,并且編寫了MATLAB程序?qū)崿F(xiàn)了對(duì)泰勒分布各線源激勵(lì)電流分布的計(jì)算。 設(shè)計(jì)了一種+45°雙線極化波導(dǎo)縫隙天線。通過(guò)腔體結(jié)構(gòu)實(shí)現(xiàn)波導(dǎo)縫隙極化方向的改變,設(shè)計(jì)了輻射單元結(jié)構(gòu)。耦合縫隙采用“之”字型結(jié)構(gòu),解決了脊波導(dǎo)背面中心饋電的問(wèn)題。對(duì)輻射縫隙的有源導(dǎo)納以及耦合縫隙的有源阻抗的提取給出了詳細(xì)的理論推導(dǎo)過(guò)程,并通過(guò)仿真計(jì)算,最終得出了有源導(dǎo)納以及有源阻抗的計(jì)算公式,簡(jiǎn)化了設(shè)計(jì)過(guò)程。設(shè)計(jì)了駐波線陣并且實(shí)現(xiàn)了對(duì)線陣單元的口徑控制,8元線陣增益達(dá)到15.35dB,副瓣電平滿足設(shè)定的-20dB的要求。設(shè)計(jì)了8*8單元的雙極化天線,天線總體尺寸約為160mm*160mm*14mm,增益為22.5dB,并且運(yùn)用泰勒口徑分布降低了天線的E面、H面的副瓣電平,實(shí)現(xiàn)了設(shè)計(jì)的要求。 為了減小雙極化天線的體積并且避免使用腔體結(jié)構(gòu),設(shè)計(jì)了一種用雙極化饋源饋電的波導(dǎo)縫隙天線。重點(diǎn)研究了雙極化饋源的設(shè)計(jì),得到了性能優(yōu)越的雙極化饋源。用方波導(dǎo)替代矩形波導(dǎo)做耦合波導(dǎo),根據(jù)方波導(dǎo)表面電流分布特點(diǎn),對(duì)不同的耦合縫隙形式進(jìn)行了分析。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of electronic communication field, especially satellite communication, the research of Ku band dual polarization antenna has become a hot spot. Waveguide slot antenna has been widely used in the field of missile, aircraft and other high-speed moving aircraft, its outstanding advantages, also applicable to the field of satellite communications. In this paper, the radiation mechanism of the rectangular waveguide slot, the various forms of the waveguide slot and the theoretical analysis method of the corresponding form are discussed. The structure characteristics of the waveguide array and the theory of Taylor aperture distribution are analyzed, and the MATLAB program is written to realize the calculation of the exciting current distribution of each line source of the Taylor distribution. A 45 擄dual-line polarized waveguide slot antenna is designed. The radiation element structure is designed by changing the polarization direction of the waveguide slot through the cavity structure. The coupling slot adopts the "zigzag" structure, which solves the problem of the center feed on the back of the ridge waveguide. The theoretical derivation process of active admittance of radiation slot and the extraction of active impedance of coupling slot are given. Finally, the formulas of active admittance and active impedance are obtained by simulation, which simplifies the design process. The standing wave linear array is designed and the aperture control of the linear array unit is realized. The gain of 8 element linear array reaches 15.35 dB, and the sidelobe level meets the requirement of-20dB. A dual-polarization antenna with 8 / 8 element is designed. The total size of the antenna is about 160 mm / 160mm / 14mm and the gain is 22.5 dB. The E plane and H plane sidelobe level of the antenna are reduced by using Taylor's aperture distribution, and the design requirements are fulfilled. In order to reduce the volume of dual-polarization antenna and avoid the use of cavity structure, a waveguide slot antenna fed by double-polarization feed is designed. The design of double polarization feed is studied, and the double polarization feed with superior performance is obtained. The rectangular waveguide is used as the coupling waveguide instead of the square waveguide. According to the characteristics of the surface current distribution of the square waveguide, different coupling slot forms are analyzed.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TN821.1

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