【摘要】：MIMO成像雷達克服了傳統(tǒng)實孔徑雷達方位分辨率受天線尺寸限制,合成孔徑雷達積累時間過長的缺點,有著傳統(tǒng)成像雷達難以比擬的高方位分辨率。在近十年基本理論研究的過程中,世界各地的科研機構設計了各種結構的MIMO成像雷達系統(tǒng)用于理論的實際驗證。而反觀國內,相關的驗證系統(tǒng)非常稀少。因此,本文開展了 MIMO成像雷達硬件系統(tǒng)的設計與實現(xiàn)工作,用于相關理論算法的驗證。本文在介紹MIMO雷達基本原理的基礎上,提出了 MIMO成像雷達硬件系統(tǒng)的實現(xiàn)技術指標,并給出了具體實現(xiàn)方案。系統(tǒng)由雷達信號波形發(fā)生器、信號處理平臺和射頻收發(fā)機三個獨立模塊組成。在實際使用的過程中,可以根據不同的需求對各個模塊進行相應更換。接下來,對每個模塊的任務需求、技術指標、實現(xiàn)方案和具體硬件實現(xiàn)進行了詳細的介紹。根據MIMO成像雷達常用雷達信號波形的特點,提出了基于DDS合成技術的雷達信號波形發(fā)生器實現(xiàn)方案,其具有8個輸出通道,在0～400 MHz頻帶內波形頻率、相位任意可控。然后,對MIMO成像雷達所涉及的基本數(shù)字信號處理技術進行了分析,提出了基于DSP+FPGA雙核架構的信號處理平臺實現(xiàn)方案,既滿足了數(shù)字信號處理大數(shù)據量、高復雜度和強實時性的要求,又滿足了作為系統(tǒng)主控控制系統(tǒng)各個模塊的要求。最后,根據MIMO成像雷達的技術指標分別給出了使用超外差結構的雷達射頻收發(fā)機的技術指標和實現(xiàn)方案。相應的給出了三個模塊的詳細電路設計與實現(xiàn)。最后對MIMO成像雷達系統(tǒng)的三個模塊分別進行了測試,給出了測試結果。經過分析測試結果,可以證明雷達系統(tǒng)電路設計與實現(xiàn)是正確的,所設計的MIMO成像雷達硬件系統(tǒng)滿足預期技術指標。
[Abstract]:MIMO imaging radar overcomes the limitation of azimuth resolution of traditional real aperture radar which is limited by antenna size and the accumulation time of synthetic aperture radar is too long. It has high azimuth resolution which is incomparable to traditional imaging radar. In the process of basic theoretical research in the past ten years, various structures of MIMO imaging radar systems have been designed around the world for the practical verification of the theory. On the other hand, at home, the relevant verification system is very rare. Therefore, the design and implementation of MIMO imaging radar hardware system are carried out in this paper. On the basis of introducing the basic principle of MIMO radar, this paper presents the technical specifications of the hardware system of MIMO imaging radar, and gives the concrete implementation scheme. The system consists of three independent modules: radar signal waveform generator, signal processing platform and radio frequency transceiver. In the process of practical use, each module can be replaced according to different requirements. Then, the task requirements, technical specifications, implementation scheme and hardware implementation of each module are introduced in detail. According to the characteristics of radar signal waveforms commonly used in MIMO imaging radar, a scheme of radar signal waveform generator based on DDS synthesis technology is proposed. It has eight output channels, waveform frequency is controlled arbitrarily in the frequency band of 0 ~ 400 MHz and the phase is controlled arbitrarily. Then, the basic digital signal processing technology involved in MIMO imaging radar is analyzed, and the realization scheme of signal processing platform based on DSP FPGA dual-core architecture is proposed, which satisfies the large amount of digital signal processing data. The requirement of high complexity and strong real-time meets the requirements of each module of the main control system. Finally, according to the technical specifications of MIMO imaging radar, the technical specifications and implementation schemes of the radio frequency transceiver using the superheterodyne structure are given respectively. The detailed circuit design and implementation of the three modules are given. Finally, three modules of MIMO imaging radar system are tested, and the test results are given. After analyzing the test results, it can be proved that the design and implementation of the radar system circuit is correct, and the MIMO imaging radar hardware system designed meets the expected technical specifications.
【學位授予單位】：哈爾濱工程大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TN958

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本文編號：2291404