【摘要】：無線Ad Hoc網(wǎng)絡是一種自組織網(wǎng)絡，不需要固定基站的支持，網(wǎng)絡的部署具有很強的靈活性。這種網(wǎng)絡是由軍事用途的需求而出現(xiàn)的，隨著網(wǎng)絡技術理論研究的不斷深入，無線Ad Hoc網(wǎng)絡的應用也逐漸從軍事戰(zhàn)場領域逐漸向抗震救災、生物醫(yī)療、智能公路、智能會議和家庭娛樂等領域擴展。這對無線自組網(wǎng)的路由和拓撲控制提出了更高的要求。無線Ad Hoc路由算法和拓撲控制是目前研究的熱點之一。本文從節(jié)能、延長網(wǎng)絡生命周期以及降低網(wǎng)絡干擾的角度出發(fā)，提出高性能的路由算法和拓撲控制算法。 本文的主要研究工作和取得的成果如下： （1）針對目前無線Ad Hoc網(wǎng)絡的路由協(xié)議存在動態(tài)拓撲和負載均衡較差的問題，本文將蟻群優(yōu)化與能量均衡引入無線Ad Hoc路由技術，提出了新的路由算法，能更好的均衡負載和能量消耗，提高網(wǎng)絡的性能。無線Ad Hoc網(wǎng)絡節(jié)點的能量、節(jié)點擁塞和變動性對網(wǎng)絡性能影響非常大。降低能量消耗可以有效的延長網(wǎng)絡壽命，控制節(jié)點擁塞可以提高網(wǎng)絡的分組投遞率和端到端延時等性能。通過引入蟻群優(yōu)化（ACO）算法，將蟻群算法中的信息素作為網(wǎng)絡節(jié)點中的路由表，引入了節(jié)點有效能量率、節(jié)點擁塞率、節(jié)點變動率、路徑的變動率、路徑的擁塞率等定義。仿真結果表明，該算法可以提高了數(shù)據(jù)的傳輸率，延長網(wǎng)絡生存時間。更好的適應了無線Ad Hoc網(wǎng)絡的移動特性和網(wǎng)絡負載的變化，網(wǎng)絡時延和網(wǎng)絡生存時間性能都得到了提高。 （2）針對無線Ad Hoc網(wǎng)絡能量不均衡和節(jié)點能量受限的問題，從拓撲控制的角度，利用圖論的思想，提出一種能量均衡拓撲控制算法，通過分析網(wǎng)絡能耗，使用路徑權值WeightPath構造本地最小生成樹，構建網(wǎng)絡拓撲。仿真實驗表明，該算法能更好地適應無線Ad Hoc網(wǎng)絡節(jié)點的移動變化和節(jié)點的能量有效使用，延長了網(wǎng)絡的生命周期。 （3）針對無線Ad Hoc網(wǎng)絡節(jié)點的動態(tài)性對網(wǎng)絡性能的影響，依據(jù)節(jié)點的移動模型，提出了一種基于節(jié)點移動預測的能量均衡拓撲控制算法，對無線Ad Hoc網(wǎng)絡節(jié)點的運動進行預測，使用預測的結果計算鏈路的穩(wěn)定性，在路由選擇過程中選取穩(wěn)定性更高的鏈路。算法采用主動式路由修復、能量均衡機制，，避免部分節(jié)點過度的能量消耗。仿真實驗表明，算法能有效避免由于節(jié)點移動導致鏈路斷裂對數(shù)據(jù)傳輸?shù)挠绊�。更好地適應Ad Hoc網(wǎng)絡節(jié)點的移動變化，減少鏈路失效，改進了網(wǎng)絡性能。 （4）針對無線Ad Hoc網(wǎng)絡傳輸干擾的問題，從節(jié)點和路徑干擾的角度出發(fā)，在傳統(tǒng)的干擾模型的基礎上，提出了新的路徑干擾模型。以降低全網(wǎng)路徑干擾為目標提出了最小化鏈路干擾的拓撲控制算法，算法構建的網(wǎng)絡拓撲具有t-spanner性質，可以有效避免傳輸路徑中出現(xiàn)的瓶頸路徑，并且可以減少由于鏈路瓶頸引起的擁塞。在一定程度上限制了節(jié)點對之間的最大路徑長度。仿真實驗表明，算法可以有效的降低網(wǎng)絡拓撲的路徑干擾。
[Abstract]:Wireless Ad Hoc network is a kind of self-organizing network, it does not need the support of fixed base station, network deployment has very strong flexibility. With the development of network technology theory, the application of wireless Ad Hoc network has gradually expanded from the field of military battlefield to earthquake relief, bio-medical, intelligent highway, intelligent conference and home entertainment. This puts forward higher demands on routing and topology control of wireless ad hoc networks. Wireless Ad Hoc routing algorithm and topology control are one of the hot topics at present. This paper presents a high-performance routing algorithm and topology control algorithm based on energy saving, extended network life cycle and network interference reduction. The main research work and achievements of this paper As follows: (1) Aiming at the problem of dynamic topology and poor load balance in the routing protocol of wireless Ad Hoc network, this paper introduces the Ant Colony Optimization and Energy Equalization to the wireless Ad Hoc routing technology, and puts forward a new method. the routing algorithm can better balance load and energy consumption, The performance of the network, the energy of the wireless Ad Hoc network node, the node congestion and mobility to the network performance reducing energy consumption can effectively prolong network life, control node congestion can improve packet delivery rate and end-to-end of network, By introducing ant colony optimization (ACO) algorithm, pheromone in ant colony algorithm is used as routing table in network node, and the effective energy rate of node, node congestion rate, node's rate of congestion, transmission rate and path of path are introduced. The simulation results show that the algorithm can improve the transmission rate of data and prolong the network. and the network time delay and the network survival time performance are all improved. In order to solve the problem of imbalance of energy and limited energy of node in wireless Ad Hoc network, this paper proposes an energy balance topology control algorithm from the angle of topology control, and proposes an energy balance topology control algorithm. By analyzing the energy consumption of the network, the path weight value WeightPath structure is used. create local minimum generation The simulation experiment shows that the algorithm can better adapt to the mobile change of the wireless Ad Hoc network node and the energy efficient use of the node and prolong the network topology. Based on the mobile model of node, a new energy balance topology control algorithm based on node mobility prediction is proposed for wireless Ad Hoc network. the network node predicts the motion of the link, calculates the stability of the link using the predicted result, A link with higher stability is selected. The algorithm adopts active route repair and energy balance mechanism to avoid The simulation experiment shows that the algorithm can avoid the chain due to node movement effectively. The influence of road break on data transmission. It is better to adapt to the mobile variation of Ad Hoc network node and reduce the chain. and the network performance is improved. (4) Aiming at the problem of interference in the wireless Ad Hoc network, based on the angle of the node and the path interference, based on the traditional interference model, In this paper, a new path interference model is proposed. In order to reduce the path interference of the whole network, a topology control algorithm for minimizing link interference is proposed. The network topology constructed by the algorithm has t-scanner property, which can effectively avoid the bottleneck path in the transmission path, and can to reduce congestion due to link bottlenecks. The maximum path length between node pairs is made. Simulation experiments show that the algorithm can
【學位授予單位】：長安大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TN929.5

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本文編號：2256313