無(wú)線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)覆蓋控制及路由協(xié)議研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-08-23 19:12
【摘要】：隨著人類探索領(lǐng)域的拓展，信息獲取、存儲(chǔ)、傳送和利用正逐步深入到人類生產(chǎn)和生活的各個(gè)領(lǐng)域，而物聯(lián)網(wǎng)實(shí)現(xiàn)了物理世界和邏輯世界之間的信息交互。集信息感知、信息傳輸?shù)榷喾N功能于一體的無(wú)線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)（Wireless Sensor Network，WSN）是物聯(lián)網(wǎng)的基礎(chǔ)和重要組成部分，在物聯(lián)網(wǎng)的搭建和運(yùn)行中擔(dān)當(dāng)著舉足輕重的角色。 能量有限性是制約WSN發(fā)展的一大瓶頸。因此，高效的能量使用和管理策略是WSN體系設(shè)計(jì)和協(xié)議設(shè)計(jì)的重要研究?jī)?nèi)容。本文以物聯(lián)網(wǎng)應(yīng)用為背景，結(jié)合國(guó)家重大專項(xiàng)項(xiàng)目及預(yù)研項(xiàng)目，主要研究了WSN體系架構(gòu)、能耗模型、覆蓋控制技術(shù)、路由協(xié)議等關(guān)鍵技術(shù)，并取得了以下研究成果： 對(duì)現(xiàn)有節(jié)點(diǎn)體系架構(gòu)和網(wǎng)絡(luò)體系架構(gòu)進(jìn)行分類總結(jié)，結(jié)合協(xié)同感知體系架構(gòu)和基于海量數(shù)據(jù)的體系架構(gòu)，提出了一種基于云計(jì)算的分布式體系架構(gòu)，其中包括物理體系架構(gòu)及邏輯體系架構(gòu)。同時(shí)對(duì)節(jié)點(diǎn)能耗模型及網(wǎng)絡(luò)能耗模型進(jìn)行了研究，并構(gòu)建了能量評(píng)估模型，為能量高效的協(xié)議設(shè)計(jì)提供指導(dǎo)性建議。 提出了一種基于不同層次需求的差異化覆蓋控制算法（Efficient Coverage Controlwith Modified PSO，ECCMP）。算法采用基于網(wǎng)絡(luò)最低能耗模型進(jìn)行子集劃分的方式將網(wǎng)絡(luò)逐步分解。子集內(nèi)不同層次的節(jié)點(diǎn)通過(guò)采用節(jié)點(diǎn)狀態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)移策略、退避延遲策略、基于交叉變異算子的微粒群算法動(dòng)態(tài)優(yōu)化網(wǎng)絡(luò)的覆蓋性能。差異化覆蓋策略為WSN在保證低能耗的前提下提高網(wǎng)絡(luò)覆蓋性能和感知性能提供了技術(shù)支撐。 提出了一種能量高效的網(wǎng)格化路由協(xié)議（Grid-based Energy Efficient RoutingProtocol，GEERP）。協(xié)議中將網(wǎng)絡(luò)節(jié)點(diǎn)根據(jù)功用不同劃分在不同級(jí)別網(wǎng)格中，二級(jí)網(wǎng)格內(nèi)的節(jié)點(diǎn)通過(guò)引入選舉概率、能量因子和距離因子優(yōu)化簇的形成，一級(jí)網(wǎng)格通過(guò)引入距離因子和數(shù)據(jù)包傳送量因子構(gòu)建網(wǎng)絡(luò)路由，并根據(jù)因子的變化適時(shí)選擇網(wǎng)絡(luò)路由。理論分析和仿真結(jié)果表明，GEERP具有良好的節(jié)能特性，并均衡了網(wǎng)絡(luò)能耗。 提出了一種自適應(yīng)6LoWPAN路由協(xié)議（Adaptive Hierarchical Routing over6LoWPAN，AHiLow）。協(xié)議通過(guò)設(shè)定壓縮報(bào)頭字段確定路由類型。網(wǎng)間路由通過(guò)特定壓縮字段的指向完成WSN與IPv6網(wǎng)絡(luò)的路由信息交互。網(wǎng)內(nèi)路由通過(guò)能量閾值、路由轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)策略和路由修復(fù)策略來(lái)保證數(shù)據(jù)的傳輸質(zhì)量以及能量的高效利用。該協(xié)議提高了網(wǎng)絡(luò)的能量利用率，完善了WSN與外部網(wǎng)絡(luò)的交互能力，提高了網(wǎng)絡(luò)的抗毀能力。
[Abstract]:With the expansion of human exploration field, information acquisition, storage, transmission and utilization are gradually deepening into all fields of human production and life, and the Internet of things realizes the information interaction between the physical world and the logical world. Wireless sensor network (Wireless Sensor Network,WSN), which integrates the functions of information perception and information transmission, is the foundation and important component of the Internet of things, and plays an important role in the construction and operation of the Internet of things. Energy limitation is a bottleneck restricting the development of WSN. Therefore, efficient energy use and management strategy is an important research content of WSN architecture design and protocol design. In this paper, based on the application of Internet of things, the key technologies, such as WSN architecture, energy consumption model, coverage control technology, routing protocol and so on, are studied in combination with national major projects and pre-research projects. And the following research results are obtained: the existing node architecture and network architecture are classified and summarized, combined with cooperative awareness architecture and massive data based architecture, This paper presents a distributed architecture based on cloud computing, including physical architecture and logical architecture. At the same time, the node energy consumption model and the network energy consumption model are studied, and the energy evaluation model is constructed, which provides guidance suggestions for the design of energy-efficient protocol. A differential overlay control algorithm (Efficient Coverage Controlwith Modified PSO,ECCMP) based on different levels of requirements is proposed. The algorithm decomposes the network step by means of subset partitioning based on the network minimum energy consumption model. Nodes at different levels in a subset can dynamically optimize the coverage performance of the network by adopting node state transition strategy and Backoff delay strategy and particle swarm optimization algorithm based on crossover mutation operator. Differential coverage strategy provides technical support for WSN to improve network coverage performance and perceptual performance while ensuring low energy consumption. An energy efficient grid routing protocol (Grid-based Energy Efficient RoutingProtocol,GEERP) is proposed. In the protocol, the network nodes are divided into different levels of grid according to their functions, and the nodes in the secondary grid are optimized by introducing the election probability, energy factor and distance factor. The first level grid constructs the network routing by introducing the distance factor and the data packet transport factor, and selects the network route according to the change of the factor. Theoretical analysis and simulation results show that GEERP has good energy saving characteristics and balanced network energy consumption. An adaptive 6LoWPAN routing protocol (Adaptive Hierarchical Routing over6LoWPAN,AHiLow) is proposed. The protocol determines the routing type by setting the compressed header field. The routing information between WSN and IPv6 network is interacted by a specific compressed field. In order to ensure the quality of data transmission and the efficient utilization of energy, intra-network routing uses energy threshold, routing forwarding strategy and routing repair strategy. The protocol improves the energy efficiency of the network, improves the ability of interaction between WSN and the external network, and improves the anti-destruction ability of the network.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TN929.5;TP212.9
本文編號(hào)：2199651
[Abstract]:With the expansion of human exploration field, information acquisition, storage, transmission and utilization are gradually deepening into all fields of human production and life, and the Internet of things realizes the information interaction between the physical world and the logical world. Wireless sensor network (Wireless Sensor Network,WSN), which integrates the functions of information perception and information transmission, is the foundation and important component of the Internet of things, and plays an important role in the construction and operation of the Internet of things. Energy limitation is a bottleneck restricting the development of WSN. Therefore, efficient energy use and management strategy is an important research content of WSN architecture design and protocol design. In this paper, based on the application of Internet of things, the key technologies, such as WSN architecture, energy consumption model, coverage control technology, routing protocol and so on, are studied in combination with national major projects and pre-research projects. And the following research results are obtained: the existing node architecture and network architecture are classified and summarized, combined with cooperative awareness architecture and massive data based architecture, This paper presents a distributed architecture based on cloud computing, including physical architecture and logical architecture. At the same time, the node energy consumption model and the network energy consumption model are studied, and the energy evaluation model is constructed, which provides guidance suggestions for the design of energy-efficient protocol. A differential overlay control algorithm (Efficient Coverage Controlwith Modified PSO,ECCMP) based on different levels of requirements is proposed. The algorithm decomposes the network step by means of subset partitioning based on the network minimum energy consumption model. Nodes at different levels in a subset can dynamically optimize the coverage performance of the network by adopting node state transition strategy and Backoff delay strategy and particle swarm optimization algorithm based on crossover mutation operator. Differential coverage strategy provides technical support for WSN to improve network coverage performance and perceptual performance while ensuring low energy consumption. An energy efficient grid routing protocol (Grid-based Energy Efficient RoutingProtocol,GEERP) is proposed. In the protocol, the network nodes are divided into different levels of grid according to their functions, and the nodes in the secondary grid are optimized by introducing the election probability, energy factor and distance factor. The first level grid constructs the network routing by introducing the distance factor and the data packet transport factor, and selects the network route according to the change of the factor. Theoretical analysis and simulation results show that GEERP has good energy saving characteristics and balanced network energy consumption. An adaptive 6LoWPAN routing protocol (Adaptive Hierarchical Routing over6LoWPAN,AHiLow) is proposed. The protocol determines the routing type by setting the compressed header field. The routing information between WSN and IPv6 network is interacted by a specific compressed field. In order to ensure the quality of data transmission and the efficient utilization of energy, intra-network routing uses energy threshold, routing forwarding strategy and routing repair strategy. The protocol improves the energy efficiency of the network, improves the ability of interaction between WSN and the external network, and improves the anti-destruction ability of the network.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TN929.5;TP212.9
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，本文編號(hào)：2199651
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