發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-08-16 08:12

【摘要】：摘要：自20世紀(jì)70年代起開(kāi)始發(fā)展的開(kāi)關(guān)電源,目前在大多數(shù)應(yīng)用場(chǎng)合都已取代線(xiàn)性電源,成為絕對(duì)的主流。時(shí)至今日,雖然大多數(shù)開(kāi)關(guān)電源的控制電路仍是模擬電路,但開(kāi)關(guān)電源的數(shù)字控制一直是電力電子領(lǐng)域的研究熱點(diǎn)。 本文設(shè)計(jì)了一種基于ARM微控制器和模糊控制算法的數(shù)字電源充電器。通過(guò)使用數(shù)字的控制方式,本文設(shè)計(jì)的開(kāi)關(guān)電源充電器具有輸出電壓范圍寬、充電控制算法先進(jìn)等特點(diǎn),能夠?yàn)槎喾N額定電壓的電動(dòng)自行車(chē)蓄電池充電,解決了目前電動(dòng)自行車(chē)充電器只能適配一種額定電壓蓄電池的問(wèn)題。 本論文首先介紹了數(shù)字電源和電動(dòng)自行車(chē)充電器的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀。在分析常用開(kāi)關(guān)變換器拓?fù)�、控制方�?及常見(jiàn)的閥控式鉛酸(VRLA)蓄電池充電方法的基礎(chǔ)上,本文以額定電壓36V和48V的兩種電動(dòng)自行車(chē)VRLA蓄電池為充電對(duì)象,確定了裝置的設(shè)計(jì)參數(shù)和設(shè)計(jì)方案,進(jìn)行了軟硬件設(shè)計(jì)。其中,硬件部分采用模擬控制Boost功率因數(shù)校正(PFC)電路與數(shù)字控制反激式開(kāi)關(guān)變換器的組合,針對(duì)數(shù)字控制的需求設(shè)計(jì)了ARM微控制器電路、相關(guān)檢測(cè)電路,以及功率管驅(qū)動(dòng)電路等。在介紹開(kāi)關(guān)電源模擬控制和數(shù)字PID控制的基礎(chǔ)上,本文設(shè)計(jì)了具有不對(duì)稱(chēng)區(qū)間模糊化器的模糊控制器。并通過(guò)在MATLAB中建立模糊和PID控制器,結(jié)合使用Saber建立的真實(shí)電路模型,對(duì)模糊控制器的控制性能進(jìn)行了驗(yàn)證和對(duì)比。 軟件部分,設(shè)計(jì)了改進(jìn)型分段VRLA蓄電池充電控制方法、模糊控制器軟件,以及微控制器主程序、中斷服務(wù)程序等。其中,改進(jìn)型分段VRLA蓄電池充電控制方法基于微控制器的電壓檢測(cè),對(duì)兩種不同的額定電壓自動(dòng)匹配,設(shè)定不同的分段充電電壓閾值,實(shí)現(xiàn)了對(duì)兩種不同額定電壓電動(dòng)自行車(chē)VRLA蓄電池的高效、可靠充電。 最后,本論文介紹了所設(shè)計(jì)的數(shù)字電源充電裝置的調(diào)試和實(shí)驗(yàn)情況,對(duì)相關(guān)控制性能進(jìn)行了驗(yàn)證。實(shí)驗(yàn)證明,本裝置工作可靠,可以對(duì)蓄電池進(jìn)行有效充電。
[Abstract]:Abstract: Since the 1970s, switching power supply has replaced linear power supply in most applications and become the absolute mainstream. Today, although most of the control circuits of switching power supply are still analog circuits, the digital control of switching power supply has always been a research hotspot in the field of power electronics.
In this paper, a digital power charger based on ARM microcontroller and fuzzy control algorithm is designed. By using digital control method, the switching power charger designed in this paper has the characteristics of wide output voltage range and advanced charging control algorithm. It can charge a variety of rated voltage batteries for electric bicycles and solve the current electricity problem. The bicycle charger can only accommodate one battery with rated voltage.
This paper first introduces the development status of digital power supply and electric bicycle charger. Based on the analysis of common switching converter topology, control methods and common charging methods of VRLA batteries, this paper takes two kinds of VRLA batteries with rated voltages of 36V and 48V as charging objects to determine the device. The hardware and software are designed. In the hardware part, the combination of analog control Boost power factor correction (PFC) circuit and digital control flyback switching converter is adopted. The ARM microcontroller circuit, the related detection circuit and the power transistor driving circuit are designed for the demand of digital control. On the basis of source analog control and digital PID control, a fuzzy controller with asymmetric interval fuzzy controller is designed in this paper. The control performance of the fuzzy controller is verified and compared by establishing fuzzy and PID controller in MATLAB and combining with the real circuit model established by Saber.
In the software part, the improved piecewise VRLA battery charging control method, the fuzzy controller software, the main program of the microcontroller and the interrupt service program are designed. The voltage threshold achieves high efficiency and reliable charging for two different rated voltage electric bicycle VRLA batteries.
Finally, this paper introduces the debugging and experiment of the digital power charging device, and verifies the related control performance. The experiment proves that the device works reliably and can effectively charge the battery.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TN86

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本文編號(hào)：2185411