【摘要】：近年來,機載激光雷達在軍事應用中發(fā)揮著越來越重要的作用。激光雷達測距機的測程要求也逐漸向中遠程發(fā)展,如何有效評估機載激光雷達的測距能力對激光雷達產(chǎn)品研發(fā)有著重要的意義。以往的評估方法主要針對激光雷達整體而言,測試設備成本高,靈活性差。隨著激光雷達向數(shù)字化測距方向的發(fā)展,激光雷達信息處理能力也直接影響到測距能力,因此也成為性能評估的重要一環(huán)。目前還沒有有效的手段在研發(fā)階段就能對激光雷達的信息處理能力進行全面的測試,本文設計了一種機載激光雷達回波模擬設備,模擬真實測距過程中回波信號,用于對激光雷達的信號處理電路的測試。激光回波模擬設備采用上位機+采集轉(zhuǎn)換電路的架構(gòu),上位機與采集轉(zhuǎn)換電路之間通過USB接口傳輸數(shù)據(jù)。采集轉(zhuǎn)換電路內(nèi)包含了回波模擬設備的所有硬件電路,包括主控芯片F(xiàn)PGA、回波采集模塊、回波模擬輸出模塊及USB數(shù)據(jù)傳輸模塊的設計。其中,主控芯片F(xiàn)PGA實現(xiàn)整個系統(tǒng)工作流程的控制,回波采集模塊通過AD轉(zhuǎn)換采集真實的回波數(shù)據(jù)并通過USB接口傳輸給上位機保存,回波模擬輸出模塊將上位機通過USB接口傳輸?shù)哪M回波數(shù)據(jù)通過DA轉(zhuǎn)換輸出,上位機采用VC++6.0實現(xiàn)了良好的人機交互界面,用于設置各項回波數(shù)據(jù)的參數(shù),存儲相關數(shù)據(jù),配合采集轉(zhuǎn)換電路實現(xiàn)各項功能。本文研究的激光雷達回波模擬設備能夠采集并存儲真實測距過程的回波數(shù)據(jù),也能模擬靜態(tài)目標測距過程中或動態(tài)目標測距過程的回波數(shù)據(jù),并通過回放生成的模擬數(shù)據(jù)對激光雷達的信號處理電路進行測試。經(jīng)過測試,該設備工作良好,易于操作,為激光雷達的信號處理能力的評估提供了一種有效的解決方案。
[Abstract]:In recent years, airborne lidar plays a more and more important role in military applications. The range requirement of laser radar rangefinder is also developing to the middle and long range. How to effectively evaluate the ranging capability of airborne lidar is of great significance to the research and development of lidar products. The previous evaluation methods are mainly aimed at lidar as a whole, the cost of testing equipment is high, and the flexibility is poor. With the development of lidar to digital ranging, the information processing ability of lidar has a direct impact on ranging capability, so it has become an important part of performance evaluation. At present, there is no effective means to test the information processing ability of lidar. In this paper, an airborne laser radar echo simulation equipment is designed to simulate the echo signal in the real ranging process. It is used to test the signal processing circuit of lidar. The laser echo analog device adopts the architecture of the acquisition and conversion circuit of the host computer. The data is transmitted between the upper computer and the acquisition and conversion circuit through the USB interface. The acquisition and conversion circuit includes all the hardware circuits of the echo analog device, including the design of the main control chip FPGA, the echo acquisition module, the echo analog output module and the USB data transmission module. Among them, the main control chip FPGA realizes the control of the whole system work flow. The echo acquisition module collects the real echo data through AD conversion and transmits it to the upper computer through the USB interface. The echo simulation output module outputs the analog echo data transmitted by the host computer through USB interface through DA conversion. The host computer realizes a good man-machine interface with VC 6.0, which is used to set the parameters of the echo data and store the relevant data. With the acquisition conversion circuit to achieve the various functions. The laser radar echo simulation equipment studied in this paper can collect and store the echo data of the real ranging process, and can also simulate the echo data of the static target ranging process or the dynamic target ranging process. The signal processing circuit of lidar is tested by the simulated data generated by playback. The test results show that the equipment works well and is easy to operate, which provides an effective solution for the evaluation of the signal processing ability of lidar.
【學位授予單位】：河南科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TN958.98

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本文編號：2160141