本文選題：高頻地波雷達(dá) + CFAR處理�。� 參考：《中國海洋大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：高頻地波雷達(dá)利用高頻電磁波在海面繞射傳播的特性，能夠超視距探測到海平面以下的船只目標(biāo)和低空飛機(jī)。鑒于地波雷達(dá)的目標(biāo)探測性能，全球越來越多的國家大力發(fā)展高頻地波雷達(dá)用來監(jiān)測遠(yuǎn)距離海面船只目標(biāo)。其中，雷達(dá)目標(biāo)檢測是雷達(dá)回波信號處理的關(guān)鍵步驟之一，目標(biāo)檢測算法得到越來越多科研人員的關(guān)注，其中恒虛警目標(biāo)檢測算法是目標(biāo)檢測算法中的研究熱點(diǎn)之一。地波雷達(dá)目標(biāo)CFAR檢測是地波雷達(dá)目標(biāo)檢測的重要環(huán)節(jié)，其探測性能直接影響目標(biāo)檢測及后續(xù)跟蹤的探測性能。根據(jù)目標(biāo)在距離-多普勒譜中的擴(kuò)展性，目標(biāo)二維CFAR檢測能更好的對噪聲背景進(jìn)行估計，在本文中，主要基于目標(biāo)二維CFAR檢測展開探討： 在地波雷達(dá)目標(biāo)二維CFAR探測方法研究方面，首先，介紹了基于曲線擬合的目標(biāo)一維CFAR檢測的原理和處理流程，針對船只目標(biāo)的運(yùn)動性，由一維CFAR檢測擴(kuò)展到二維CFAR檢測。高頻地波雷達(dá)對運(yùn)動目標(biāo)比較敏感，目標(biāo)在RD譜上的擴(kuò)展性，采用二維參考窗能更準(zhǔn)確的估算目標(biāo)背景噪聲，提高目標(biāo)檢測性能。根據(jù)目標(biāo)在距離向和多普勒向擴(kuò)展的理論分析，并結(jié)合對大量實測數(shù)據(jù)的統(tǒng)計，給出二維參考窗的參考單元、保護(hù)單元等參數(shù)的選取原則。用地波雷達(dá)實測數(shù)據(jù)對比分析一維CFAR檢測和二維CFAR檢測效果，驗證了目標(biāo)二維CFAR檢測方法能夠提高目標(biāo)檢測的性能。 在CFAR處理方面，根據(jù)海雜波和地雜波在距離-多普勒譜上的對稱分布特征，把基于整體曲線擬合的CFAR處理方法發(fā)展到基于分段曲線擬合的CFAR處理方法。介紹基于分段曲線擬合的目標(biāo)二維CFAR檢測方法的原理和實現(xiàn)步驟，分析了基于分段曲線擬合和整體曲線擬合CFAR處理的區(qū)別。利用實測數(shù)據(jù)對比了兩種CFAR處理算法的效果，并且利用同步AIS數(shù)據(jù)，驗證和評價了目標(biāo)檢測。結(jié)果表明基于分段曲線擬合的二維CFAR檢測效果要好于基于整體曲線擬合的二維CFAR檢測效果，特別是對海雜波內(nèi)側(cè)的弱目標(biāo)信號探測效果明顯。 最后，基于Matlab平臺開發(fā)高頻地波雷達(dá)目標(biāo)CFAR檢測軟件系統(tǒng)。該軟件中集成了已實現(xiàn)的CFAR處理算法。能夠?qū)τ谶x擇的處理算法，，修改相應(yīng)的參數(shù)，并顯示雷達(dá)相應(yīng)的參數(shù)。實時顯示處理數(shù)據(jù)的目標(biāo)檢測結(jié)果和多普勒譜。軟件實現(xiàn)AIS讀取功能，把AIS數(shù)據(jù)的格式轉(zhuǎn)換到距離-多普勒譜的格式，并能根據(jù)需要進(jìn)行顯示，方便和雷達(dá)目標(biāo)檢測的對比。
[Abstract]:High frequency ground wave radar can detect ship targets and low altitude aircraft below sea level by using the characteristics of high frequency electromagnetic wave diffraction at sea level. In view of the target detection performance of ground-wave radar, more and more countries around the world develop high-frequency ground-wave radar to monitor ship targets over long distances. Among them, radar target detection is one of the key steps of radar echo signal processing, and target detection algorithm has been paid more and more attention by researchers, among which CFAR target detection algorithm is one of the research hotspots in target detection algorithm. CFAR detection of ground wave radar targets is an important part of ground wave radar target detection. Its detection performance directly affects the detection performance of target detection and subsequent tracking. According to the expansibility of target in range-Doppler spectrum, the target 2-D CFAR detection can better estimate the noise background. In this paper, Mainly based on the target two-dimensional CFAR detection development: in the ground wave radar target two-dimensional CFAR detection method research aspect, first, introduced the target one-dimensional CFAR detection principle and the processing flow based on the curve fitting. Aiming at the movability of ship targets, one dimensional CFAR detection is extended to two dimensional CFAR detection. High frequency ground wave radar is sensitive to moving targets and the target is extensible in Rd spectrum. Using two-dimensional reference window can more accurately estimate the background noise of the target and improve the performance of target detection. Based on the theoretical analysis of target expansion in the range and Doppler directions and the statistics of a large number of measured data, the selection principles of parameters such as the reference unit and the protection unit of the two-dimensional reference window are given. The results of one-dimensional CFAR detection and two-dimensional CFAR detection are compared and analyzed. The results show that the target two-dimensional CFAR detection method can improve the performance of target detection. In the aspect of CFAR processing, according to the symmetrical distribution of sea clutter and ground clutter in range-Doppler spectrum, the CFAR processing method based on integral curve fitting is developed to CFAR processing method based on piecewise curve fitting. This paper introduces the principle and implementation steps of the target 2D CFAR detection method based on piecewise curve fitting, and analyzes the difference between the CFAR processing based on piecewise curve fitting and integral curve fitting. The effect of two CFAR processing algorithms is compared with the measured data, and the target detection is verified and evaluated by synchronous AIS data. The results show that the detection effect of two-dimensional CFAR based on piecewise curve fitting is better than that of two-dimensional CFAR based on integral curve fitting, especially for weak target signals inside sea clutter. Finally, the software system of CFAR detection for HF ground wave radar is developed based on Matlab platform. The implemented CFAR processing algorithm is integrated in the software. For the selected processing algorithm, the parameters can be modified and the radar parameters can be displayed. Real-time display of target detection results and Doppler spectrum of processed data. The software realizes the reading function of AIS, converts the format of AIS data to the format of range-Doppler spectrum, and can display it according to the need, which is convenient to compare with radar target detection.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國海洋大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TN957.52

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 雷志勇;文必洋;彭念;倪菁;黃銀河;陳希信;;基于恒虛警的高頻地波雷達(dá)低速目標(biāo)檢測研究[J];電波科學(xué)學(xué)報;2007年05期

2 楊強(qiáng),劉永坦;高頻地波雷達(dá)目標(biāo)的識別檢測方法[J];高技術(shù)通訊;2000年08期

3 沈一鷹,郁發(fā)新,劉永坦;性能優(yōu)異的復(fù)信號恒虛警檢測器設(shè)計[J];哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)學(xué)報;2000年06期

4 黃紅平;張曉玲;;一種改進(jìn)型二維恒虛警參考窗[J];航空兵器;2011年01期

5 周浩;文必洋;;高頻地波雷達(dá)中電離層E_s層雜波分析及其抑制[J];華中科技大學(xué)學(xué)報(自然科學(xué)版);2011年04期

6 周濤;孔慶國;錢一婧;施春榮;;高頻地波雷達(dá)技術(shù)及其發(fā)展趨勢[J];雷達(dá)與對抗;2008年04期

7 桂任舟;;利用二維恒虛警進(jìn)行非均勻噪聲背景下的目標(biāo)檢測[J];武漢大學(xué)學(xué)報(信息科學(xué)版);2012年03期

8 童健,文必洋,王頌;強(qiáng)海雜波背景下的艦船目標(biāo)檢測[J];武漢大學(xué)學(xué)報(理學(xué)版);2005年03期

9 楊強(qiáng),劉永坦;復(fù)雜背景下的二維檢測研究[J];系統(tǒng)工程與電子技術(shù);2002年01期

10 孟祥偉,關(guān)鍵,何友;超視距雷達(dá)中的目標(biāo)檢測問題[J];宇航學(xué)報;2004年03期

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 仇永斌;雙基地高頻地波雷達(dá)海雜波特性研究[D];哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué);2011年

本文編號：2115599