本文選題：地面運(yùn)動(dòng)目標(biāo)指示 + 多發(fā)多收雷達(dá)　； 參考：《國(guó)防科學(xué)技術(shù)大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：地面運(yùn)動(dòng)目標(biāo)指示(Ground Moving Target Indication,GMTI)現(xiàn)在廣泛地應(yīng)用于軍事和民用領(lǐng)域。MIMO(Multiple Input Multiple Output,MIMO)雷達(dá)提供了一種新的雷達(dá)信號(hào)處理體制,在提高分辨率、干擾抑制等方面有巨大潛力。充分開(kāi)發(fā)這些潛力,能夠顯著改善參數(shù)估計(jì)、目標(biāo)檢測(cè)、目標(biāo)跟蹤和識(shí)別方面的性能。在運(yùn)動(dòng)目標(biāo)檢測(cè)中應(yīng)用MIMO技術(shù)的優(yōu)勢(shì)明顯:由于綜合運(yùn)用多天線(xiàn)、多波形、多頻率和多通道等技術(shù),利用較少的天線(xiàn)陣元可以形成更豐富的等效相位中心,系統(tǒng)自由度更多,因此可以提高雷達(dá)的角度估計(jì)精度和目標(biāo)檢測(cè)性能,雜波抑制能力更強(qiáng),系統(tǒng)抗干擾能力也得以提高。如何充分利用MIMO雷達(dá)的優(yōu)勢(shì)設(shè)計(jì)有效的MIMO雷達(dá)GMTI工作模式成為研究的熱點(diǎn)。本文圍繞MIMO雷達(dá)GMTI的工作模式的設(shè)計(jì)、性能分析和仿真驗(yàn)證展開(kāi)研究,主要內(nèi)容如下:第一章緒論,闡述MIMO雷達(dá)GMTI研究的背景和意義,概述MIMO雷達(dá)和GMTI的國(guó)內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀,最后介紹本論文的研究?jī)?nèi)容。第二章推導(dǎo)空時(shí)自適應(yīng)處理(Space-Time Adaptive Processing,STAP)的基本原理,建立STAP數(shù)據(jù)模型,計(jì)算最優(yōu)的STAP濾波器的權(quán)系數(shù),這是空時(shí)頻自適應(yīng)處理(Space-Time-Frequency Adaptive Processing,STFAP)、性能分析和信號(hào)級(jí)仿真的基礎(chǔ)。第三章設(shè)計(jì)MIMO雷達(dá)GMTI的多子帶和多維波形編碼的工作模式。根據(jù)MIMO雷達(dá)的收發(fā)方式設(shè)計(jì)不同的多子帶工作模式,不同的工作模式在天線(xiàn)功率、測(cè)繪帶寬和等效相位中心方面各不相同。利用多子帶還可以有效緩解盲速。根據(jù)數(shù)字波束形成(Digital Beam Forming,DBF)技術(shù)和多維波形編碼的基本原理,設(shè)計(jì)兩種基于多維波形編碼的GMTI工作模式,利用脈內(nèi)掃描增加慢時(shí)間波束駐留時(shí)間,從而可以增加相干處理脈沖數(shù),還可以形成更多的等效相位中心和更靈活有效的基線(xiàn),提高GMTI的雜波抑制性能。第四章推導(dǎo)STFAP的原理,提出MIMO雷達(dá)GMTI的性能分析方法,然后仿真分析各種工作模式的性能,得到改善因子、輸出信雜噪比和檢測(cè)概率等性能曲線(xiàn)。第五章建立GMTI的仿真信號(hào)模型,并利用該模型對(duì)基于多子帶的所有子陣同時(shí)發(fā)射同時(shí)接收的工作模式和基于多維波形編碼的脈內(nèi)快時(shí)間方位編碼模式進(jìn)行仿真分析,得到的運(yùn)動(dòng)目標(biāo)的檢測(cè)結(jié)果有效驗(yàn)證了工作模式設(shè)計(jì)的合理性。第六章對(duì)本文的工作進(jìn)行總結(jié),并結(jié)合目前的研究和工程實(shí)際應(yīng)用的需求展望了下一步的工作。
[Abstract]:Ground moving Target indication (GMTI) is widely used in military and civilian fields. MIMO (multiple input multiple output MIMO) radar provides a new radar signal processing system, which has great potential in improving resolution and interference suppression. Fully exploiting these potentials can significantly improve the performance of parameter estimation, target detection, target tracking and recognition. The advantages of MIMO technology in moving target detection are obvious: because of the comprehensive use of multi-antenna, multi-waveform, multi-frequency and multi-channel techniques, using fewer antenna array elements can form richer equivalent phase center, and the system has more freedom. Therefore, the angle estimation accuracy and target detection performance of radar can be improved, the clutter suppression ability is stronger, and the anti-jamming ability of the system can be improved. How to make full use of the advantages of MIMO radar to design effective GMTI mode of MIMO radar has become a hot research topic. This paper focuses on the design, performance analysis and simulation verification of MIMO radar GMTI. The main contents are as follows: the first chapter introduces the background and significance of MIMO radar GMTI research, and summarizes the research status of MIMO radar and GMTI at home and abroad. Finally, the research content of this paper is introduced. In chapter 2, the basic principle of Space-Time Adaptive processing (STAP) is derived, and the data model of STAP is established, and the weight coefficient of the optimal STAP filter is calculated. This is the basis of space-time-frequency Adaptive processing (STFAP), performance analysis and signal level simulation. In chapter 3, the multi-subband and multi-dimensional waveform coding mode of MIMO radar GMTI is designed. According to the MIMO radar transceiver mode, different multi-subband operation modes are designed. The antenna power, mapping bandwidth and equivalent phase center are different in different operation modes. The use of polybands can also effectively alleviate the blind speed. Based on the digital beam forming (DBF) technology and the basic principle of multidimensional waveform coding, two GMTI modes based on multi-dimension waveform coding are designed. The number of coherent processing pulses can be increased by increasing the dwell time of slow time beam by in-pulse scanning. More equivalent phase centers and more flexible and effective baselines can be formed, and the clutter suppression performance of GMTI can be improved. In chapter 4, the principle of STFAP is deduced, and the performance analysis method of MIMO radar GMTI is proposed. Then, the performance curves of various operating modes are simulated and analyzed, such as the improvement factor, the output signal-to-noise ratio and the detection probability. In the fifth chapter, the simulation signal model of GMTI is established, and the working mode of simultaneous transmitting and receiving of all sub-arrays based on multi-subband and the fast time-azimuth coding mode of pulse based on multi-dimension waveform coding are simulated and analyzed by using the model. The result of moving target detection verifies the rationality of working mode design. The sixth chapter summarizes the work of this paper and looks forward to the next step according to the needs of current research and engineering application.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：國(guó)防科學(xué)技術(shù)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TN958

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