本文選題：合成孔徑雷達(dá) + 成像雷達(dá)系統(tǒng)��； 參考：《西安電子科技大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：現(xiàn)如今隨著合成孔徑雷達(dá)(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)成像算法的研究越來越深入,SAR成像雷達(dá)逐步成為機(jī)載、星載的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)傳感器模式,在民用及軍事領(lǐng)域得到了廣泛的應(yīng)用。目前國內(nèi)SAR成像仿真主要是基于Matlab平臺,重點(diǎn)研究各種成像處理算法。而對于SAR系統(tǒng)仿真體系架構(gòu),以及PD(Pulse Doppler)雷達(dá)、SAR、STAP(Space-time Adaptive Processing)等多模式雷達(dá)聯(lián)合仿真國內(nèi)尚未大量研究。針對目前國內(nèi)仿真領(lǐng)域存在的上述問題,本文基于標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化平臺,建立了一套標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的、擴(kuò)展性強(qiáng)的、復(fù)用程度高的SAR雷達(dá)仿真模型。利用這套模型,可快速形成各種SAR仿真系統(tǒng),仿真不同運(yùn)動速度、不同角度等約束條件下成像系統(tǒng)的相關(guān)性能指標(biāo)。本文的主要工作如下:首先,本文提出了基于軟件結(jié)構(gòu)化為核心的成像系統(tǒng)設(shè)計方案。給出了軟件框架的具體結(jié)構(gòu),它的核心思想是總線機(jī)制和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化接口,采用XML技術(shù)和Amardillo穿山甲線性代數(shù)庫實(shí)現(xiàn)了標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化模型和層次化模型的設(shè)計。然后,探討了時域和頻域兩種回波模擬的主要算法。時域算法通過對目標(biāo)散射特性、時間延遲和多普勒等信息的處理直接生成回波模擬信號;頻域算法利用距離多普勒(Range-Doppler,RD)、CS(Chirp Scaling)成像逆處理生成所需回波信號。根據(jù)系統(tǒng)參數(shù)使用C/C++編寫回波生成代碼,并在軟件平臺上搭建回波計算模型,最后與Matlab的仿真結(jié)果比對驗(yàn)證模型正確性。其次,對RD處理模型的功能模塊進(jìn)行建模與仿真,對正側(cè)視情況以及斜視30度情況下的RD成像處理的具體步驟進(jìn)行分析,并給出算法處理流程。利用回波計算模塊生成的回波信號實(shí)現(xiàn)距離多普勒算法處理,根據(jù)系統(tǒng)參數(shù)使用C/C++編寫代碼構(gòu)建距離多普勒算法模塊,并在軟件平臺上搭建RD處理流程模型,通過仿真驗(yàn)證了模型的正確性。最后,對CS處理模型的功能模塊進(jìn)行建模與仿真。CS成像算法可看成是RD成像算法的優(yōu)化和改進(jìn)。CS成像算法對相位補(bǔ)償?shù)目紤]更加精確,使得方位分辨率得到有效改善。CS成像算法的處理關(guān)鍵在于利用線性變標(biāo)實(shí)現(xiàn)距離徙動校正。利用回波計算模塊生成的回波信號實(shí)現(xiàn)Chirp Scaling處理,根據(jù)系統(tǒng)參數(shù)使用C/C++編寫代碼構(gòu)建Chirp Scaling算法模塊,并在軟件平臺上搭建CS處理流程模型,通過仿真驗(yàn)證了模型的正確性。
[Abstract]:Nowadays, with the research of synthetic Aperture radar (SAR) imaging algorithm, SAR imaging radar has gradually become airborne, spaceborne standard sensor mode, and has been widely used in civil and military fields. At present, SAR imaging simulation is mainly based on Matlab platform, focusing on various imaging processing algorithms. However, there is not much research on SAR system simulation architecture and multi-mode radar simulation, such as PD (Pulse Doppler Radar) STAP (Space-time Adaptive processing). Aiming at the above problems in the domestic simulation field, a set of standard, extensible and reusable SAR radar simulation model is established based on the standardized platform. Using this model, various SAR simulation systems can be quickly formed, and the relevant performance indexes of the imaging system can be simulated under different moving speed and different angle constraints. The main work of this paper is as follows: firstly, a design scheme of imaging system based on software structure is proposed. The concrete structure of the software framework is given. Its core idea is bus mechanism and standardized interface. The standardized model and hierarchical model are designed by using Amardillo technology and Amardillo pangolin linear algebra library. Then, two main algorithms of echo simulation in time domain and frequency domain are discussed. The time domain algorithm directly generates the echo analog signal by processing the target scattering characteristics, time delay and Doppler information, and the frequency domain algorithm uses the range Doppler (Rd) / CS (Chirp scaling) imaging inverse processing to generate the needed echo signal. According to the parameters of the system, C / C is used to write the code of echo generation, and the echo calculation model is built on the software platform. Finally, the simulation results of Matlab are compared to verify the correctness of the model. Secondly, the function module of Rd processing model is modeled and simulated, and the specific steps of Rd imaging processing are analyzed under the condition of positive side view and 30 degrees strabismus, and the algorithm processing flow is given. The range Doppler algorithm is processed by echo signal generated by echo calculation module. According to the system parameters, C / C code is used to build the range Doppler algorithm module, and the Rd processing flow model is built on the software platform. The correctness of the model is verified by simulation. Finally, the modeling and simulation of the functional module of CS processing model. CS imaging algorithm can be regarded as the optimization of Rd imaging algorithm and the more accurate consideration of phase compensation by improved .CS imaging algorithm. The key to improve the azimuth resolution of the .CS imaging algorithm is to use linear scaling to achieve range migration correction. Chirp scaling processing is realized by echo signal generated by echo computing module. Chirp scaling algorithm module is constructed by C / C code according to system parameters, and CS processing flow model is built on software platform. The correctness of the model is verified by simulation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安電子科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TN958

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