本文選題：北斗 + QPSK��； 參考：《西安電子科技大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：衛(wèi)星導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)能夠保障國家安全、促進(jìn)社會(huì)發(fā)展,并為人民的生產(chǎn)生活帶來極大的便利。隨著北斗衛(wèi)星定位導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)的建設(shè)與試運(yùn)行,北斗系統(tǒng)將逐步成為可以和GPS系統(tǒng)相媲美的GNSS系統(tǒng)之一,能夠?yàn)榈厍虮砻婧徒乜臻g的用戶提供全天時(shí)、全天候、高精度的定位、導(dǎo)航和授時(shí)服務(wù)。目前,各相關(guān)單位競(jìng)相研制高性能的北斗導(dǎo)航接收機(jī),而捕獲環(huán)節(jié)是北斗導(dǎo)航接收機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)中的關(guān)鍵環(huán)節(jié)之一。本文將圍繞接收機(jī)中的捕獲算法問題展開研究,完成了如下幾個(gè)方面的工作:(1)介紹北斗QPSK信號(hào)的信號(hào)結(jié)構(gòu),并對(duì)北斗中頻信號(hào)進(jìn)行了仿真,研究了北斗中頻信號(hào)的頻譜結(jié)構(gòu)和自相關(guān)函數(shù),為后續(xù)的捕獲算法的仿真提供了可用的仿真信號(hào)源。(2)下一代衛(wèi)星導(dǎo)航信號(hào)體制將采用BOC調(diào)制方式。BOC信號(hào)具有與傳統(tǒng)BPSK信號(hào)有不同的特點(diǎn),本文詳細(xì)討論了BOC信號(hào)、MBOC信號(hào)以及AltBOC信號(hào)的調(diào)制原理及其功率譜特性和自相關(guān)函數(shù)特性。BOC信號(hào)的自相關(guān)函數(shù)的多峰性為信號(hào)捕獲帶來了新的問題。本文對(duì)捕獲BOC信號(hào)所采用的雙邊帶捕獲算法、單邊帶捕獲算法以及BPSK-like捕獲算法進(jìn)行了簡(jiǎn)要的介紹和分析,并給出了一些仿真結(jié)果。(3)捕獲概率和算法復(fù)雜度可以作為捕獲算法性能的衡量指標(biāo)。本文對(duì)北斗信號(hào)的捕獲過程進(jìn)行了建模,詳細(xì)推導(dǎo)了門限與捕獲虛警率和噪聲功率之間的表達(dá)式,分析了捕獲概率與積分時(shí)間之間的關(guān)系。本文還對(duì)基本的捕獲算法(串行搜索捕獲算法,并行頻率搜索算法和并行碼相位搜索算法)進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的分析和仿真,并對(duì)可以減小虛警率的Tong算法進(jìn)行了介紹。(4)在森林、城市、峽谷及隧道等環(huán)境中,由于障礙物的遮擋衛(wèi)星信號(hào)受到了很大程度的衰減,這就需要依賴高靈敏度的捕獲算法來捕獲信號(hào)。常見的提高捕獲靈敏度的方法是延長積分時(shí)間,本文分析了延長相干積分時(shí)間和非相干積分時(shí)間所帶來的算法性能提升和存在的問題。本文依次介紹了差分相干累積算法,半比特/全比特算法,以及估計(jì)導(dǎo)航數(shù)據(jù)比特的圓周算法。通過仿真分析發(fā)現(xiàn),相同積分時(shí)間的條件下,估計(jì)導(dǎo)航數(shù)據(jù)比特的圓周算法具有最高的捕獲概率,但是該算法的計(jì)算量很大。為了減小算法的計(jì)算量,本文利用“先累積后相關(guān)”的思想,使用FFT替代相關(guān)運(yùn)算以及采用并行程序結(jié)構(gòu)三個(gè)方面對(duì)估計(jì)導(dǎo)航數(shù)據(jù)比特的圓周算法進(jìn)行了優(yōu)化,改進(jìn)后算法的計(jì)算效率得到了較大的提升。
[Abstract]:Satellite navigation system can guarantee national security, promote social development, and bring great convenience to people's production and life. With the construction and trial operation of the Beidou Satellite Positioning and Navigation system, the Beidou system will gradually become one of the GNSS systems comparable to the GPS system, which can provide all-day, all-weather and high-precision positioning for users of the Earth's surface and near-Earth space. Navigation and time service. At present, the relevant units are competing to develop a high-performance Beidou navigation receiver, and the capture link is one of the key links in the design of the Beidou navigation receiver. In this paper, the acquisition algorithm in receiver is studied, and the following work is accomplished: (1) the signal structure of Beidou QPSK signal is introduced, and the if signal is simulated. The spectrum structure and autocorrelation function of Beidou intermediate frequency signal are studied. It provides a useful signal source for the subsequent simulation of the acquisition algorithm. (2) the next generation satellite navigation signal system will adopt BOC modulation. BOC signal has different characteristics from the traditional BPSK signal. This paper discusses in detail the modulation principle of BOC signal and AltBOC signal, its power spectrum characteristics and autocorrelation function characteristics. The multi-peak of autocorrelation function of BOC signal brings new problems for signal acquisition. This paper gives a brief introduction and analysis of the bilateral band acquisition algorithm, the single sideband acquisition algorithm and the BPSK-like acquisition algorithm, which are used to capture BOC signals. Some simulation results are given. (3) the acquisition probability and the complexity of the algorithm can be used as a measure of the performance of the capture algorithm. In this paper, the acquisition process of Beidou signal is modeled, the expression between threshold and false alarm rate and noise power is derived in detail, and the relationship between acquisition probability and integral time is analyzed. In this paper, the basic acquisition algorithms (serial search, parallel frequency search and parallel code phase search) are analyzed and simulated in detail, and Tong algorithm, which can reduce false alarm rate, is introduced. (4) in forest, In cities, canyons and tunnels, because of the large attenuation of the obstructed satellite signal, it is necessary to rely on the high sensitivity acquisition algorithm to capture the signal. The common method to improve the acquisition sensitivity is to extend the integral time. In this paper, the performance improvement and the existing problems of the algorithm brought by the extended coherent integral time and incoherent integral time are analyzed. In this paper, the differential coherent cumulation algorithm, the half-bit / full-bit algorithm, and the circle estimation algorithm for navigation data bits are introduced in turn. The simulation results show that the circumference algorithm for estimating navigation data bits has the highest acquisition probability under the same integral time, but the computation of the algorithm is very large. In order to reduce the computational complexity of the algorithm, this paper optimizes the circular algorithm for estimating navigation data bits by using FFT to replace correlation operation and parallel program structure by using the idea of "accumulate first and then correlate". The computational efficiency of the improved algorithm is greatly improved.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安電子科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TN967.1;TN911.3

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