本文選題：場(chǎng)面監(jiān)視雷達(dá) + 脈沖壓縮�。� 參考：《電子科技大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：機(jī)場(chǎng)場(chǎng)面監(jiān)視雷達(dá)是空中交通管制系統(tǒng)的重要組成部分,主要用于監(jiān)視機(jī)場(chǎng)場(chǎng)面的動(dòng)目標(biāo)和靜目標(biāo)。該系統(tǒng)可以實(shí)時(shí)有效地掌握機(jī)場(chǎng)場(chǎng)面的交通運(yùn)行情況,對(duì)機(jī)場(chǎng)的安全管理、高效運(yùn)行起到至關(guān)重要的作用。在整個(gè)場(chǎng)面監(jiān)視系統(tǒng)中,信號(hào)處理技術(shù)是檢測(cè)地面目標(biāo)的核心技術(shù),且機(jī)場(chǎng)環(huán)境比較復(fù)雜,提出優(yōu)化的信號(hào)處理設(shè)計(jì)方案來提高檢測(cè)概率,對(duì)整個(gè)監(jiān)視系統(tǒng)是非常重要的。另外,隨著微電子技術(shù)的快速發(fā)展,DSP、FPGA等技術(shù)得到廣泛應(yīng)用,傳統(tǒng)的模擬信號(hào)處理逐漸轉(zhuǎn)為高效的數(shù)字信號(hào)處理,以滿足對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)處理的實(shí)時(shí)性和高速性的要求。為使場(chǎng)面管制人員及時(shí)掌握機(jī)場(chǎng)的地面信息,場(chǎng)面監(jiān)視雷達(dá)需要更高的實(shí)時(shí)性才能保證機(jī)場(chǎng)場(chǎng)面的安全運(yùn)行。對(duì)類似于飛機(jī)、汽車等可移動(dòng)目標(biāo),單一的動(dòng)目標(biāo)檢測(cè)技術(shù)和靜目標(biāo)檢測(cè)技術(shù)無法實(shí)現(xiàn)有效的監(jiān)視,因此在課題中采用了一種新的可移動(dòng)目標(biāo)檢測(cè)技術(shù),并在硬件上實(shí)現(xiàn)。結(jié)合機(jī)場(chǎng)這種特殊環(huán)境,本文采用的雷達(dá)體制是線性調(diào)頻脈沖雷達(dá),主要分為以下三個(gè)方面進(jìn)行研究:第一,對(duì)場(chǎng)面監(jiān)視雷達(dá)信號(hào)處理基本理論的研究。主要包括脈沖壓縮、動(dòng)目標(biāo)顯示MTI和AMTI、動(dòng)目標(biāo)檢測(cè)、雜波圖CFAR、頻率分集、二次檢測(cè)技術(shù)等。本文詳細(xì)地闡述了各個(gè)部分的基本原理以及常規(guī)實(shí)現(xiàn)方法,并用Matlab、Modelsim等工具對(duì)各模塊進(jìn)行了仿真。第二,對(duì)場(chǎng)面監(jiān)視雷達(dá)信號(hào)處理的總體設(shè)計(jì)。針對(duì)場(chǎng)面監(jiān)視雷達(dá)的工作環(huán)境,提出了特定的信號(hào)處理方案,并詳細(xì)講解了各個(gè)模塊結(jié)構(gòu)。第三、對(duì)場(chǎng)面監(jiān)視雷達(dá)信號(hào)處理系統(tǒng)的硬件實(shí)現(xiàn),使用由Altera公司的Stratix V系列FPGA芯片5SGSMD5K2F40I3N構(gòu)成的開發(fā)板,采用VHDL語言并結(jié)合IP核,對(duì)各個(gè)信號(hào)處理模塊和數(shù)據(jù)通信模塊進(jìn)行調(diào)試,完成了場(chǎng)面監(jiān)視雷達(dá)信號(hào)處理的FPGA實(shí)現(xiàn)。本文對(duì)場(chǎng)面監(jiān)視雷達(dá)信號(hào)處理的相關(guān)理論進(jìn)行了研究,并根據(jù)具體情況確定信號(hào)處理方案,在硬件上實(shí)現(xiàn),具有一定的工程意義。
[Abstract]:The airport scene surveillance radar is an important part of the air traffic control system, which is mainly used to monitor the moving target and the static target of the airport scene. The system can effectively grasp the traffic situation of airport scene in real time and play an important role in airport security management and efficient operation. In the whole scene monitoring system, the signal processing technology is the core technology to detect the ground target, and the airport environment is quite complex. It is very important for the whole surveillance system to put forward the optimized signal processing design scheme to improve the detection probability. In addition, with the rapid development of microelectronic technology and other technologies such as DSP FPGA, traditional analog signal processing is gradually converted to efficient digital signal processing to meet the real-time and high-speed requirements of data processing. In order to make the scene controller grasp the ground information of the airport in time, the scene surveillance radar needs higher real-time ability to ensure the safe operation of the airport scene. The single moving target detection technology and the static target detection technology can not effectively monitor the moving targets such as aircraft and automobile, so a new movable target detection technology is adopted in this paper, and it is implemented in hardware. Combined with the special environment of airport, the radar system adopted in this paper is linear frequency modulation pulse radar, which is mainly divided into the following three aspects: first, the basic theory of signal processing for scene surveillance radar is studied. It mainly includes pulse compression, moving target display MTI and AMTI, moving target detection, clutter map CFAR, frequency diversity, secondary detection technology and so on. In this paper, the basic principle of each part and the general implementation method are described in detail, and the simulation of each module is carried out by using Matlab Modelsim and other tools. Second, the overall design of radar signal processing for scene surveillance. According to the working environment of the scene surveillance radar, a special signal processing scheme is proposed, and the structure of each module is explained in detail. Thirdly, the hardware realization of the signal processing system of the scene surveillance radar is realized. The development board composed of Altera's Stratix V series FPGA chip 5SGSMD5K2F40I3N is used to debug each signal processing module and the data communication module by using VHDL language and IP core. The FPGA implementation of scene monitoring radar signal processing is completed. In this paper, the related theory of signal processing of scene surveillance radar is studied, and the signal processing scheme is determined according to the specific situation, which is realized in hardware and has certain engineering significance.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：電子科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：V355;TN957.51

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本文編號(hào)：2063257