本文選題：激光雷達(dá) + 三維成像�。� 參考：《南京大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：當(dāng)前關(guān)于非掃描激光三維技術(shù)的研究主要集中在相位法、多狹縫條紋光以及焦平面陣列三個(gè)方向。但是這三種方法也分別存在探測(cè)距離不遠(yuǎn)、需要真空裝置,結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜以及無法獲取灰度信息等缺點(diǎn)。激光三維成像雷達(dá)是攝影技術(shù)與距離探測(cè)技術(shù)的相結(jié)合后的產(chǎn)物,通過對(duì)目標(biāo)一維信息的成像,并通過測(cè)量平臺(tái)的另一維平移來實(shí)現(xiàn)二維信息的獲取,加之利用激光的飛行時(shí)間得到的距離信息得到目標(biāo)完整的三維信息。借助現(xiàn)代計(jì)算機(jī)技術(shù)將現(xiàn)實(shí)世界中得到的信息在虛擬的三維坐標(biāo)空間內(nèi)逆向重建再現(xiàn)目標(biāo)的空間三維特征。作為當(dāng)前三維信息獲取最快捷有效的技術(shù)手段之一,其在軍事偵察、災(zāi)害救援、數(shù)字城市以及農(nóng)林生態(tài)等領(lǐng)域都有廣泛應(yīng)用。本文提出了一種新穎的激光三維成像技術(shù),該技術(shù)在發(fā)射端將激光束整形成一窄帶狀光束并將光束在空間上分成多個(gè)區(qū)段,每一段內(nèi)都進(jìn)行編碼,這樣每一段都有了區(qū)別于其他段的身份信息；在接收端通過將每一段內(nèi)對(duì)應(yīng)序列的光束合并在一個(gè)傳感器單元進(jìn)行接收,這樣就減少了所需傳感器單元的數(shù)量,可以用象元數(shù)目較少的面陣光電傳感器實(shí)現(xiàn)高分辨率的三維成像。相比于其他三維成像技術(shù),該技術(shù)具有成像速率高,探測(cè)視場(chǎng)角大,結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單,體積小易于集成化等優(yōu)點(diǎn)。本文闡述了激光三維成像雷達(dá)技術(shù)的工作原理,重點(diǎn)介紹了光學(xué)系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)方案并詳細(xì)分析了光學(xué)系統(tǒng)中涉及的關(guān)鍵技術(shù),包括光束整形、編碼以及利用光纖傳像束進(jìn)行光束耦合等,最后通過實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證了光學(xué)系統(tǒng)的性能。
[Abstract]:At present, the research of nonscanning laser 3D technology mainly focuses on three directions: phase method, multi-slit fringe light and focal plane array. However, these three methods also have the disadvantages of not far detection distance, need vacuum device, complex structure and unable to obtain gray information. The laser three-dimensional imaging radar is the result of the combination of photography and range detection technology. The acquisition of two-dimensional information is realized by imaging the one-dimensional information of the target and translating the other one dimension of the measuring platform. In addition, the complete three-dimensional information of the target is obtained by using the distance information obtained from the time of flight of the laser. With the help of modern computer technology, the information obtained in the real world is reversely reconstructed in the virtual three-dimensional coordinate space to reconstruct the three-dimensional features of the object. As one of the most efficient and efficient methods to obtain 3D information, it is widely used in military reconnaissance, disaster rescue, digital city, agriculture and forestry ecology and so on. In this paper, a novel 3D laser imaging technique is proposed, in which the laser beam is integrated into a narrow band beam at the transmitter, and the beam is divided into several sections in space, and each segment is encoded. In this way, each segment has identity information that is different from the other segments; it is received at the receiving end by combining the beams corresponding to the sequence in each segment into one sensor unit, thus reducing the number of sensor units required, High resolution three-dimensional imaging can be realized by using a small number of pixel array photoelectric sensors. Compared with other 3D imaging techniques, this technique has the advantages of high imaging rate, large field of view angle, simple structure, small size and easy integration. In this paper, the working principle of laser three-dimensional imaging radar technology is described, and the design scheme of optical system is introduced, and the key technologies involved in optical system, including beam shaping, are analyzed in detail. Finally, the performance of the optical system is verified by experiments.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TN958.98

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本文編號(hào)：2044424