本文選題：海面目標 + 數(shù)據(jù)處理�。� 參考：《電子科技大學》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：機載雷達利用預警機高度優(yōu)勢可以在大范圍內(nèi)實現(xiàn)對海面目標的預警探測,并利用觀測的目標位置及運動參數(shù),指示水面武器平臺實施遠程超視距打擊。為實現(xiàn)遠程打擊目標能力,需要比較準確地估計目標的位置及運動參數(shù)。雷達數(shù)據(jù)處理是對信號處理獲得的點跡進行處理,以實現(xiàn)航跡的預測與平滑、起始與終止等功能,完成對目標的實時跟蹤。機載雷達對海目標數(shù)據(jù)處理是在虛警較高、目標運動速度慢、方位測量誤差大以及姿態(tài)角存在變化的復雜背景下進行的,直接按常規(guī)的雷達數(shù)據(jù)處理很難準確提取目標的運動參數(shù)。基于上述研究背景,本文利用實測數(shù)據(jù)研究改進海面目標航跡質(zhì)量的數(shù)據(jù)處理方法。論文的主要工作包括:1、分析了影響海面目標檢測的因素,闡述了實測量測誤差的特性,總結(jié)了海面目標的航跡特點及存在虛警高、航跡抖動等問題,為海面目標的數(shù)據(jù)處理提供了思路。2、針對海面數(shù)據(jù)虛警率高、運動速度慢等問題,提出了一種多級航跡起始算法,該算法結(jié)合基于運動狀態(tài)的一級Hough變換、基于斜距的二級Hough變換與邏輯法,并通過仿真驗證了海面目標航跡起始的性能。3、提出了一種基于改進卡爾曼濾波的跟蹤算法,該算法利用海面目標航向相對穩(wěn)定的特點,先對目標航跡進行空間上的平滑,再進行時域上的濾波,提取目標的運動參數(shù),通過仿真數(shù)據(jù)和實測數(shù)據(jù)驗證了該濾波算法得到的航跡更為平滑,跟蹤精度更高。將自適應(yīng)粒子濾波的跟蹤算法應(yīng)用于海面目標跟蹤中,仿真數(shù)據(jù)表明了該算法在保證高精度估計能力的同時減少了運算量。4、針對載機飛行姿態(tài)發(fā)生變化時,雷達探測到的目標航跡出現(xiàn)漂移現(xiàn)象,分析了航跡漂移的主要原因,建立了載機不同飛行姿態(tài)下時探測目標的模型,提出了基于橫滾角變化的方位角補償算法。通過實測數(shù)據(jù)驗證了所提方法的有效性,修正后的航跡抖動明顯減弱。5、分析了工程需求,提出了系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)的設(shè)計方案,設(shè)計了海面數(shù)據(jù)處理仿真軟件及功能流程。通過該軟件可實現(xiàn)設(shè)定參數(shù)、加載載機和目標的數(shù)據(jù)、進行數(shù)據(jù)處理、顯示載機和目標的航跡等功能,并可以對數(shù)據(jù)處理后的數(shù)據(jù)進行分析。
[Abstract]:The airborne radar can realize the early warning detection of the sea surface target in a wide range by using the altitude advantage of the early warning aircraft, and the position and motion parameters of the observed target can be used to instruct the surface weapon platform to carry out the long-range over-the-horizon strike. It is necessary to estimate the position and motion parameters of the target accurately in order to realize the ability of attacking the target in a long distance. Radar data processing is to process the point track acquired by signal processing to realize the function of track prediction and smoothing, start and stop, and complete the real-time tracking of the target. The data processing of sea target by airborne radar is carried out under the complicated background of high false alarm, slow moving speed, large azimuth measurement error and change of attitude angle. It is difficult to extract the moving parameters of the target according to the conventional radar data processing. Based on the above research background, the data processing method for improving the track quality of the sea surface target is studied by using the measured data. The main work of this paper includes: 1, analyzing the factors that affect the detection of sea surface target, expounding the characteristics of the measured measurement error, summarizing the track characteristics of the sea surface target and the problems of high false alarm rate and track jitter, etc. In order to solve the problems of high false alarm rate and slow moving speed, a multi-level track initiation algorithm is proposed, which combines with the first-order Hough transform based on the moving state. Based on the two-stage Hough transformation and logic method based on oblique distance, the performance of track initiation of sea surface target is verified by simulation. A tracking algorithm based on improved Kalman filter is proposed, which makes use of the relatively stable course of sea surface target. Firstly, the track of the target is smoothed in space, then filtered in time domain, and then the motion parameters of the target are extracted. The simulation data and the measured data verify that the proposed filtering algorithm is smoother and has higher tracking accuracy. The adaptive particle filter tracking algorithm is applied to sea surface target tracking. The simulation data show that the algorithm not only guarantees the high accuracy estimation ability but also reduces the computational complexity of .4. when the flight attitude of the aircraft changes, The main reason of track drift is analyzed, the model of detecting target under different flight attitude is established, and an azimuth compensation algorithm based on the change of roll angle is proposed. The validity of the proposed method is verified by the measured data, and the track jitter is obviously reduced. The engineering requirements are analyzed, the design scheme of the system structure is put forward, and the simulation software and the function flow of the sea surface data processing are designed. The software can set the parameters, load the data of the carrier and the target, process the data, display the track of the carrier and the target, and analyze the data after the data processing.
【學位授予單位】：電子科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TN957.52

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本文編號：1932594