本文選題：Vivaldi天線(xiàn) + 泰勒綜合�。� 參考：《電子科技大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：寬帶相控陣?yán)走_(dá)是一種在目標(biāo)成像、多目標(biāo)跟蹤、測(cè)向定位、反導(dǎo)彈等方面有重要用途的新型雷達(dá),將在未來(lái)軍用與民用領(lǐng)域中扮演重要的作用。而寬帶相控陣在無(wú)人機(jī)上的應(yīng)用更是各國(guó)研究的熱點(diǎn)。本文主要針對(duì)X波段寬帶相控陣天線(xiàn)的需求設(shè)計(jì)了一種寬帶Vivaldi天線(xiàn)單元,分析了天線(xiàn)單元的各結(jié)構(gòu)特性,并根據(jù)所設(shè)計(jì)的天線(xiàn)單元研究了其機(jī)載的組陣形式。本文主要做了以下工作內(nèi)容。對(duì)Vivaldi天線(xiàn)的相關(guān)理論進(jìn)行了研究,證明了Vivaldi天線(xiàn)滿(mǎn)足比例變換原理,對(duì)其槽線(xiàn)上的電流分布特性做了研究。對(duì)Vivaldi天線(xiàn)各個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)的特性與設(shè)計(jì)方法進(jìn)行了研究,歸納整理了Vivaldi天線(xiàn)的設(shè)計(jì)方法,并應(yīng)用切比雪夫多節(jié)阻抗變換器設(shè)計(jì)Vivaldi天線(xiàn)的阻抗匹配。之后根據(jù)指定的設(shè)計(jì)范圍,對(duì)Vivaldi天線(xiàn)的各天線(xiàn)參數(shù)進(jìn)行了初步設(shè)計(jì),得到天線(xiàn)的模型,之后對(duì)各個(gè)天線(xiàn)參數(shù)對(duì)天線(xiàn)的性能影響做出了分析與優(yōu)化,并將褶皺結(jié)構(gòu)運(yùn)用到天線(xiàn)中,從而得到最終的天線(xiàn)模型并給出了其物理尺寸。根據(jù)仿真結(jié)果,優(yōu)化后的Vivaldi天線(xiàn)其帶寬很好的覆蓋了X波段,在X波段的回波損耗小于-12dB,駐波比小于1.8,天線(xiàn)增益大于7.5dB,波束寬度大于50°。最后通過(guò)比較相關(guān)成果驗(yàn)證了天線(xiàn)的可行性。在研究設(shè)計(jì)了X波段Vivaldi天線(xiàn)單元后,對(duì)陣列天線(xiàn)的綜合方法進(jìn)行了研究。通過(guò)對(duì)比道爾夫-切比雪夫綜合法、泰勒綜合法的方向圖特性,選擇泰勒綜合法對(duì)機(jī)載相控陣進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì)。然后應(yīng)用之前設(shè)計(jì)的Vivaldi天線(xiàn)來(lái)進(jìn)行機(jī)載布陣。用16個(gè)天線(xiàn)單元進(jìn)行泰勒綜合,布置泰勒陣列,接著采用5個(gè)泰勒線(xiàn)陣布成面陣的方法將天線(xiàn)布置在飛行器機(jī)腹上。根據(jù)仿真結(jié)果得出,該種布陣方法展現(xiàn)了良好的性能,在X波段以?xún)?nèi),其副瓣電平SLL在-30dB左右,天線(xiàn)增益大于18dB,掃描寬度為±30°,完全能滿(mǎn)足相控陣的特性需求。
[Abstract]:Wideband phased array radar is a new type of radar with important applications in target imaging, multi-target tracking, direction-finding, anti-missile and so on. It will play an important role in military and civil fields in the future. The application of wideband phased array in UAV is a hot topic in many countries. In this paper, a wideband Vivaldi antenna unit is designed to meet the requirements of the X-band wideband phased array antenna. The structural characteristics of the antenna element are analyzed, and the array form of the antenna unit is studied. This paper mainly does the following work. The relative theory of Vivaldi antenna is studied, and the principle of proportional transformation of Vivaldi antenna is proved. The characteristics of current distribution on the slot line of Vivaldi antenna are studied. The characteristics and design methods of each structure of Vivaldi antenna are studied. The design method of Vivaldi antenna is summarized and the impedance matching of Vivaldi antenna is designed by using Chebyshev multi-section impedance converter. Then, according to the specified design range, the antenna parameters of the Vivaldi antenna are preliminarily designed, and the antenna model is obtained. After that, the influence of each antenna parameter on the antenna performance is analyzed and optimized, and the fold structure is applied to the antenna. The final antenna model is obtained and its physical size is given. According to the simulation results, the optimized Vivaldi antenna has a good bandwidth covering X band. The return loss of X band is less than -12 dB, the standing wave ratio is less than 1.8, the antenna gain is greater than 7.5 dB, and the beam width is more than 50 擄. Finally, the feasibility of the antenna is verified by comparing the relevant results. After the design of X band Vivaldi antenna element, the synthesis method of array antenna is studied. By comparing the pattern characteristics of Dalf-Chebyshev synthesis method and Taylor synthesis method, Taylor synthesis method is selected to design airborne phased array. Then the airborne array is deployed using the previously designed Vivaldi antenna. The Taylor array is arranged with 16 antenna elements, and then the antenna is arranged on the plane of the aircraft by means of 5 Taylor linear arrays. According to the simulation results, the method shows good performance. In X band, the sidelobe level SLL is about -30dB, the antenna gain is more than 18dB, and the scanning width is 鹵30 擄, which can fully meet the requirements of phased array characteristics.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：電子科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TN957.2

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