本文選題：脈搏波 + 波形特征　； 參考：《北京工業(yè)大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：在脈搏波檢測(cè)設(shè)備的研究與應(yīng)用過(guò)程中，干擾和運(yùn)動(dòng)偽影導(dǎo)致的脈搏波信號(hào)質(zhì)量降低一直是研究者面臨的一個(gè)難題。由于脈搏波信號(hào)易受到外界或本身的干擾，導(dǎo)致信號(hào)質(zhì)量下降，不能提供準(zhǔn)確的心血管功能信息，，從而不能有效地得到有臨床價(jià)值的信息。同時(shí)，檢測(cè)人員也必須經(jīng)過(guò)培訓(xùn)以獲得一定的脈搏波檢測(cè)知識(shí)和經(jīng)驗(yàn)才能準(zhǔn)確采集脈搏波信號(hào)。這些都成為脈搏波血流動(dòng)力學(xué)檢測(cè)技術(shù)在家庭保健應(yīng)用和遠(yuǎn)程醫(yī)療應(yīng)用的困難因素。 為了在采集過(guò)程中評(píng)估脈搏波信號(hào)的采集質(zhì)量，獲得準(zhǔn)確的心血管功能信息，提高采集自動(dòng)化程度，本課題從脈搏波波形特征出發(fā)，提出脈搏波波形標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化、歸一化方法。使用脈搏波波形特征參數(shù)實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)脈搏波波形特征的量化描述。通過(guò)討論脈搏波波形特征參數(shù)具有的生理意義，并結(jié)合大量臨床脈搏波實(shí)例，對(duì)脈搏波波形特征進(jìn)行分類。 以此為基礎(chǔ)，研究脈搏波采集質(zhì)量實(shí)時(shí)評(píng)價(jià)模型及算法。針對(duì)脈搏波監(jiān)測(cè)過(guò)程中，實(shí)時(shí)分析監(jiān)控脈搏波采集質(zhì)量的實(shí)際工程需求，研究設(shè)計(jì)實(shí)時(shí)脈搏波單波判別技術(shù)，包括脈搏波數(shù)據(jù)處理隊(duì)列中的單波判別算法、經(jīng)驗(yàn)心率初判算法、基于經(jīng)驗(yàn)心率的實(shí)時(shí)單波判別算法。提出脈搏波質(zhì)量評(píng)價(jià)參數(shù)及算法，包括脈搏主頻能量比、干擾頻率能量比、基線漂移累計(jì)量、周期變異量、單波數(shù)據(jù)點(diǎn)特征變異量、單波主波峰寬度變異量。通過(guò)多種分析手段與方法建立脈搏波采集質(zhì)量實(shí)時(shí)評(píng)價(jià)模型，并對(duì)模型做出了邏輯性驗(yàn)證。 在設(shè)備開發(fā)方面，研究設(shè)計(jì)基于ARM CORTEX A8的脈搏波信號(hào)采集質(zhì)量實(shí)時(shí)分析裝置硬件系統(tǒng)。該系統(tǒng)使用以三星S5PV210處理器為CPU的核心板電路及外圍拓展電路組合的設(shè)計(jì)方案。核心板部分采用三星S5PV210作為主處理器，采用了2.0mm間距的雙排針引出CPU大部分常用功能引腳。核心板的硬件資源還包括512M DDR2內(nèi)存和1GB閃存(SLC)。設(shè)計(jì)的外圍電路部分主要包括AD采集電路、聲卡電路、LCD電路、USB電路、網(wǎng)絡(luò)接口電路、電源電路等。開發(fā)基于Android平臺(tái)的脈搏波質(zhì)量評(píng)價(jià)實(shí)時(shí)分析軟件，其總體結(jié)構(gòu)分為六層設(shè)計(jì)，分別是傳感層、表示層、業(yè)務(wù)邏輯層、數(shù)據(jù)訪問(wèn)層、服務(wù)層、網(wǎng)絡(luò)通信層。其主要功能涵蓋AD采集、聲卡采集、實(shí)時(shí)質(zhì)量評(píng)價(jià)、SQLite數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)功能、網(wǎng)絡(luò)通信功能等。 最后設(shè)計(jì)了雙盲誘發(fā)干擾檢測(cè)實(shí)驗(yàn)，用于評(píng)價(jià)模型及設(shè)備的有效性。通過(guò)對(duì)實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)重復(fù)性及變異性指標(biāo)的分析，討論在誘發(fā)干擾條件下脈搏波采集質(zhì)量實(shí)時(shí)分析模型的有效性。
[Abstract]:In the research and application of pulse wave detection equipment, it is a difficult problem for researchers to reduce the quality of pulse wave signal caused by interference and motion artifact. Because the pulse wave signal is easily interfered by the outside world or itself, the signal quality is decreased, and the accurate cardiovascular function information can not be provided, so the clinical value information can not be obtained effectively. At the same time, the examiner must be trained to acquire certain knowledge and experience of pulse wave detection in order to collect pulse wave signal accurately. These are the difficult factors for the application of pulse wave hemodynamics in home health care and telemedicine applications. In order to evaluate the quality of pulse wave signal acquisition, obtain accurate cardiovascular function information and improve the automatic degree of acquisition, this paper presents a method of pulse wave standardization and normalization based on the characteristics of pulse wave waveform. The characteristic parameters of pulse wave are used to describe the characteristic of pulse wave. By discussing the physiological significance of pulse wave characteristic parameters and combining with a large number of clinical pulse wave examples, the pulse wave characteristics are classified. Based on this, the real-time evaluation model and algorithm of pulse wave acquisition quality are studied. In the process of pulse wave monitoring, the real engineering requirement of monitoring pulse wave acquisition quality is analyzed in real time. The single wave discrimination technology of real time pulse wave is studied and designed, including the single wave discrimination algorithm in pulse wave data processing queue and the experience heart rate initial judgement algorithm. Real-time single-wave discrimination algorithm based on experiential heart rate. The parameters and algorithm of pulse wave quality evaluation are presented, including pulse main frequency energy ratio, interference frequency energy ratio, baseline drift accumulation, periodic variation, characteristic variation of single wave data point and variation of peak width of single wave. A real-time evaluation model of pulse wave acquisition quality is established by various analytical methods and the logical verification of the model is made. In the aspect of equipment development, the hardware system of pulse signal acquisition and quality real-time analysis device based on ARM CORTEX A8 is studied and designed. This system uses the design scheme of the core board circuit with Samsung S5PV210 processor as CPU and peripheral expansion circuit. The core board uses Samsung S5PV210 as the main processor and the double row needle with 2.0mm spacing to lead to most of the commonly used functional pins of CPU. The hardware resources of the core board also include 512m DDR2 memory and 1GB flash memory. The peripheral circuit includes AD acquisition circuit, sound card circuit and LCD circuit, USB circuit, network interface circuit, power supply circuit and so on. A real-time analysis software for pulse wave quality evaluation based on Android platform is developed. Its overall structure is divided into six layers: sensing layer, presentation layer, business logic layer, data access layer, service layer and network communication layer. Its main functions include AD acquisition, sound card acquisition, real-time quality evaluation and SQLite database function, network communication function and so on. Finally, a double-blind interference detection experiment is designed to evaluate the effectiveness of the model and equipment. By analyzing the repeatability and variability of experimental data, the validity of the real-time analysis model of pulse wave acquisition quality under induced interference is discussed.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TN911.23;R318.6

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