本文選題：無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò) + 重編程�。� 參考：《南京航空航天大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)(WSNs)在環(huán)境監(jiān)測、軍事戰(zhàn)場、工業(yè)控制等領(lǐng)域的應(yīng)用非常廣泛。在真實(shí)的WSNs中,通常需要部署成百上千個節(jié)點(diǎn)。隨著時(shí)間推移和環(huán)境變化,可能需對運(yùn)行的節(jié)點(diǎn)增加、關(guān)閉一些功能或者修復(fù)軟件中存在的問題,即節(jié)點(diǎn)運(yùn)行的程序需要進(jìn)行重編程以實(shí)現(xiàn)版本更新。傳統(tǒng)手動的更新方式效率低下,甚至某些部署在環(huán)境惡劣或人類無法到達(dá)區(qū)域的節(jié)點(diǎn)不能實(shí)現(xiàn)更新,因此研究者提出無線遠(yuǎn)程更新方式。但是,大部分代碼更新操作,新版本程序代碼相對于舊版本需要更新的部分遠(yuǎn)小于整個新版本程序代碼。此外,鑒于傳感器節(jié)點(diǎn)自身的資源限制,所以節(jié)點(diǎn)通過無線方式遠(yuǎn)程進(jìn)行更新時(shí),需要減小重編程過程中分發(fā)的代碼量,提高重編程效率并降低節(jié)點(diǎn)能耗。本文以MeshSPAIS智能精準(zhǔn)農(nóng)業(yè)信息系統(tǒng)為背景對基于差異的WSNs重編程進(jìn)行深入研究,提出基于代碼克隆檢測技術(shù)的WSNs重編程方法(RePCCDT)和總體架構(gòu),主要工作如下:首先,對WSNs重編程的兩個部分即代碼分發(fā)協(xié)議和重編程方法進(jìn)行研究,重點(diǎn)分析Deluge、Zephyr/Hermes、Elon、R2幾種具有代表性的重編程方法,指出它們在代碼分發(fā)量和能耗方面存在的不足及待改進(jìn)之處。其次,針對基于差異的WSNs重編程的新舊版本程序代碼相似度的保護(hù)問題,提出BGIR代碼相似度保護(hù)方法。該方法從分支、全局變量、間接尋址、相對跳轉(zhuǎn)四個方面分別處理其變化所帶來的影響,以提高新舊版本程序的相似性,為后續(xù)差異補(bǔ)丁生成算法生成較小的差異補(bǔ)丁做準(zhǔn)備。通過理論分析和實(shí)例分析驗(yàn)證該方法能夠提高新舊版本程序代碼相似性從而減小差異補(bǔ)丁的大小。然后,針對基于差異的WSNs重編程的差異補(bǔ)丁生成問題,提出基于代碼克隆檢測技術(shù)的差異補(bǔ)丁生成算法CCDTDiff。將基于Token序列的代碼克隆檢測技術(shù)引入到差異補(bǔ)丁生成算法中,尋找新舊版本程序代碼的公共代碼段,用本文設(shè)計(jì)的差異補(bǔ)丁計(jì)算算法生成最小化的差異補(bǔ)丁。從算法的執(zhí)行效率和差異補(bǔ)丁生成大小兩個方面分析該算法的性能。最后,設(shè)計(jì)基于代碼克隆檢測技術(shù)的WSNs重編程總體架構(gòu)和引導(dǎo)裝載程序Bootloader。總體架構(gòu)主要包括三個模塊:差異補(bǔ)丁生成、代碼分發(fā)和構(gòu)建程序鏡像,接著改進(jìn)默認(rèn)的Bootloader使節(jié)點(diǎn)通過軟件重啟來執(zhí)行更新后的程序。通過TOSSIM仿真實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證該架構(gòu)的可行性,差異補(bǔ)丁生成模塊能夠生成最小化的補(bǔ)丁,減少重編程過程中下載代碼耗費(fèi)的時(shí)間和消耗的能量。
[Abstract]:Wireless sensor network (WSNs) is widely used in environmental monitoring, military battlefield, industrial control and other fields. In real WSNs, it is usually necessary to deploy hundreds of nodes. As time goes by and the environment changes, it may be necessary to increase the number of running nodes, turn off some functions or fix problems in the software, that is, the programs run by the nodes need to be reprogrammed to achieve version updates. The traditional manual updating method is inefficient, and even some nodes deployed in harsh environment or unable to reach the area can not realize the update, so the wireless remote update method is proposed by researchers. However, most code update operations, the new version of the program code relative to the old version of the need to update the part of the whole new version of the program code. In addition, due to the resource limitation of sensor nodes themselves, it is necessary to reduce the amount of code distributed in the reprogramming process, improve the efficiency of reprogramming and reduce the energy consumption of nodes when the nodes are remotely updated by wireless mode. In this paper, based on MeshSPAIS intelligent precision agriculture information system, the WSNs reprogramming based on difference is deeply studied, and the WSNs reprogramming method based on code clone detection technology is proposed. The main work is as follows: first, In this paper, two parts of WSNs reprogramming, code distribution protocol and reprogramming method, are studied. Several representative reprogramming methods are analyzed, and their shortcomings and improvements in code distribution and energy consumption are pointed out. Secondly, aiming at the problem of code similarity protection of new and old versions of WSNs reprogramming based on difference, a method of BGIR code similarity protection is proposed. In order to improve the similarity of the new and old versions, the method deals with the effects of the changes from four aspects: branch, global variable, indirect addressing, and relative jump, so as to prepare for the subsequent difference patch generation algorithm to generate smaller difference patches. Theoretical analysis and example analysis show that this method can improve the similarity of the new and old versions of the program code and reduce the size of the differential patches. Then, aiming at the problem of differential patch generation for WSNs reprogramming based on difference, a differential patch generation algorithm based on code clone detection technique is proposed. The code clone detection technique based on Token sequence is introduced into the algorithm of generating differential patch, and the common code segment of the new and old versions of the code is found. The differential patch calculation algorithm designed in this paper is used to generate the minimized differential patch. The performance of the algorithm is analyzed from two aspects: the efficiency of the algorithm and the size of the difference patch generation. Finally, the WSNs reprogramming architecture based on code clone detection technology and bootloader are designed. The overall architecture consists of three modules: difference patch generation, code distribution and build program mirroring. Then the default Bootloader is improved to enable nodes to execute the updated program through software restart. The feasibility of the architecture is verified by TOSSIM simulation. The differential patch generation module can generate a minimal patch and reduce the time and energy consumption of downloading code in the process of reprogramming.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京航空航天大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TP212.9;TN929.5
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本文編號：1804313