本文選題：接收機(jī) + 寬帶雷達(dá)信號處理��； 參考：《哈爾濱工程大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：電子對抗技術(shù)在現(xiàn)代信息戰(zhàn)中的重要性日益增加,雷達(dá)信號的接收和處理是電子對抗技術(shù)的研究熱點(diǎn)。隨著雷達(dá)技術(shù)的不斷發(fā)展,現(xiàn)代電磁環(huán)境日益復(fù)雜,面對信號密集、形勢復(fù)雜、參數(shù)變化快的信號環(huán)境,要求電子戰(zhàn)接收機(jī)具有頻率覆蓋范圍廣、靈敏度高、動態(tài)范圍大、多信號并行處理且滿足信號實(shí)時性的能力。針對被動雷達(dá)信號處理系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì),考慮到信道化結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)和后端信號處理方面,提出了針對寬帶中頻信號的高精度、實(shí)時的信號處理系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)方案。所設(shè)計(jì)的寬帶中頻信號處理系統(tǒng)主要應(yīng)用在被動雷達(dá)系統(tǒng)中,以偵查主動雷達(dá)為目標(biāo),截獲雷達(dá)信號后給出信號的相位、頻率、信號類型等,并對信號進(jìn)行測向來確定目標(biāo)雷達(dá)的方位角和俯仰角。在方案設(shè)計(jì)中,數(shù)據(jù)采集和信號處理的因素制約著系統(tǒng)性能向更優(yōu)的方向發(fā)展,隨著信號帶寬的增加,采樣率過高不僅對ADC的采樣速度和精度提出了更高要求,而且對后端信號處理以及系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)造成了困難。為了解決上述問題,將傳統(tǒng)的測頻、測向技術(shù)與數(shù)字信號處理技術(shù)結(jié)合起來,采用高精度且采樣速度快的ADC及高速FPGA使系統(tǒng)具有精度高、分辨力高、識別能力強(qiáng)等優(yōu)點(diǎn)。寬帶模擬信號首先經(jīng)過模數(shù)轉(zhuǎn)換,信道化過程對高速的數(shù)字信號進(jìn)行降速處理,使得高速采樣的寬帶信號與FPGA信號處理速度匹配,根據(jù)信道化輸出的信號IQ信息,得到信號的相位、幅度、頻率等,進(jìn)而進(jìn)行寬帶信號測向和脈內(nèi)調(diào)制特征識別。論文研究的主要內(nèi)容及創(chuàng)新點(diǎn)如下:首先,本文對寬帶中頻信號處理系統(tǒng)的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)進(jìn)行研究,推導(dǎo)基于多相濾波的高效信道化結(jié)構(gòu),仿真驗(yàn)證了該結(jié)構(gòu)的正確性,并且分析了常用的測頻算法的測頻性能。針對寬帶信號的測向問題,本文提出了基于信道化的雙頻解模糊算法,將寬帶信號測向問題與信道化方法進(jìn)行結(jié)合,提高了寬帶信號的測向精度。其次,雷達(dá)信號的類型識別是雷達(dá)信號處理的關(guān)鍵問題,分析了常見的雷達(dá)信號類型,針對調(diào)頻信號和調(diào)相信號的脈內(nèi)特征提出類型識別方法。并提出了V型調(diào)頻信號和S型調(diào)頻信號的識別方法,這也是本文的創(chuàng)新點(diǎn)。再次,采用了 ADC和FPGA構(gòu)建了寬帶中頻信號處理系統(tǒng)的硬件設(shè)計(jì),給出了FPGA的軟件設(shè)計(jì)流程,實(shí)現(xiàn)了對寬帶中頻信號的實(shí)時處理,處理時間在10μs以內(nèi)。最后,在寬帶中頻信號處理系統(tǒng)硬件測試平臺上對其性能進(jìn)行測試,給出測試結(jié)果。
[Abstract]:Electronic countermeasure technology is becoming more and more important in modern information warfare. The receiving and processing of radar signal is the research hotspot of electronic warfare technology. With the continuous development of radar technology, the modern electromagnetic environment is becoming more and more complex. Facing the signal intensive, complex situation and fast parameter change signal environment, the electronic warfare receiver is required to have a wide range of frequency coverage, high sensitivity and large dynamic range. Multi-signal parallel processing and satisfying the ability of real-time signal processing. Aiming at the design of passive radar signal processing system, considering the design of channelized structure and back-end signal processing, a design scheme of high-precision and real-time signal processing system for wideband intermediate frequency signal is proposed. The wideband intermediate frequency signal processing system is mainly used in the passive radar system. The active radar is the target. After intercepting the radar signal, the phase, frequency and type of the signal are given. The azimuth and pitch angle of the target radar are determined by the signal direction finding. In the scheme design, the factors of data acquisition and signal processing restrict the performance of the system to a better direction. With the increase of signal bandwidth, the high sampling rate not only requires higher sampling speed and precision of ADC. It also makes it difficult for the back-end signal processing and system design. In order to solve the above problems, the traditional frequency measurement, direction finding technology and digital signal processing technology are combined, and the high precision and fast sampling speed ADC and high speed FPGA are adopted to make the system have the advantages of high precision, high resolution, strong recognition ability and so on. Wideband analog signal is firstly converted by A / D, and the high-speed digital signal is reduced by the channelization process, which makes the broadband signal sampled at high speed match the processing speed of FPGA signal, and according to the IQ information of signal output by channelization, The phase, amplitude and frequency of the signal are obtained, and then the wideband signal direction finding and intra-pulse modulation feature recognition are carried out. The main contents and innovations of this paper are as follows: firstly, the key technologies of wideband intermediate frequency signal processing system are studied in this paper, and the efficient channelization structure based on polyphase filter is deduced, and the correctness of the structure is verified by simulation. The frequency measurement performance of common frequency measurement algorithms is also analyzed. Aiming at the problem of wideband signal direction finding, a dual-frequency de-ambiguity algorithm based on channelization is proposed in this paper, which combines wideband signal direction finding problem with channelization method to improve the precision of wideband signal direction finding. Secondly, the type recognition of radar signal is the key problem in radar signal processing. The common types of radar signal are analyzed. The recognition method of V type FM signal and S type FM signal is put forward, which is also the innovation of this paper. Thirdly, the hardware design of wideband if signal processing system is constructed by using ADC and FPGA. The software design flow of FPGA is given, and the real-time processing of wideband intermediate frequency signal is realized. The processing time is less than 10 渭 s. Finally, its performance is tested on the hardware test platform of wideband if signal processing system, and the test results are given.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工程大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TN957.51

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