本文選題：雜波分類　切入點(diǎn)：幅度特性　出處：《西安電子科技大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：雷達(dá)發(fā)射電磁波并利用其回波信號獲取目標(biāo)的信息。雜波在雷達(dá)回波中占據(jù)著重要的組成部分,但是在通常的情況下它又是不期望得到的回波信號,所以雷達(dá)工作者一直致力于尋求比較有效的方法對雷達(dá)雜波進(jìn)行減弱或者消除,以便得到關(guān)于目標(biāo)的各項(xiàng)信息。但是若要對其進(jìn)行消除,首先需要認(rèn)識雜波,那么研究雜波的統(tǒng)計(jì)特性是一項(xiàng)必不可少的工作。對雜波的幅度特性的研究有助于對目標(biāo)進(jìn)行檢測,對雜波的功率譜特性的研究有助于對雜波進(jìn)行抑制。本文通過介紹地雜波、海雜波、氣象雜波和箔條雜波的幅度特性和功率譜特性并分析雜波譜寬的影響條件,結(jié)合實(shí)際采集得到的雷達(dá)回波信號,對其功率譜特性和幅度特性進(jìn)行仿真和分析,結(jié)合其功率譜特性的估計(jì)及雜波自適應(yīng)處理技術(shù),將此雷達(dá)回波中的雜波進(jìn)行分類和抑制。本文將雜波進(jìn)行上述分類,分析不同雜波的幅度起伏特性與功率譜特性,研究其幅度起伏特性和功率譜特性適用的條件,主要是為了認(rèn)識雜波,將雜波分為固定雜波和運(yùn)動雜波,可以針對不同的雜波找到行之有效的方法對雜波進(jìn)行抑制,所以本文中又對雜波抑制的方法進(jìn)行了敘述,主要介紹了動目標(biāo)顯示(MTI)、自適應(yīng)動目標(biāo)顯示(AMTI)和動目標(biāo)檢測(MTD)這些濾波器的原理適用的條件。在MTI濾波器中分別對單延遲線對消器、雙延遲線對消器、具有反饋延遲線的對消器和具有最佳系數(shù)的延遲線對消器的實(shí)現(xiàn)方法和適用條件進(jìn)行了說明;在AMTI中重點(diǎn)對AMTI實(shí)現(xiàn)的原理和譜估計(jì)方法進(jìn)行了介紹;在MTD中對MTD的基本原理和雜波譜寬的估計(jì)方法加以敘述。針對以上介紹的不同雜波抑制方法用于實(shí)際的雷達(dá)回波并比較各種方法的雜波抑制效果,對固定雜波使用MTI濾波器進(jìn)行消除;對運(yùn)動雜波運(yùn)用AMTI濾波器進(jìn)行消除;對含有固定雜波和運(yùn)動雜波的情況運(yùn)用雙凹口濾波器進(jìn)行消除,或者使用動態(tài)雜波圖和靜態(tài)雜波圖消除固定雜波后,再使用AMTI濾波器進(jìn)行濾波。對雜波的功率譜特性進(jìn)行分析并設(shè)計(jì)出優(yōu)化的濾波及進(jìn)行雜波抑制,從而達(dá)到最優(yōu)濾波。
[Abstract]:Radar transmitting electromagnetic wave and obtain the target echo signal. The information clutter in radar echo plays an important part, but in most cases it is not expected to get the radar echo signal, so the worker has been committed to seek an effective method of radar clutter is weakened or eliminated, in order to get the information about the target. But if we want to eliminate the clutter, first need to know, then study the clutter statistical characteristics is an essential work. Study on the amplitude characteristics of the clutter is helpful to detect the target, study on the spectral characteristics of clutter power to help for clutter suppression. This paper introduces the ground clutter, sea clutter, weather clutter and chaff clutter amplitude and wave power spectrum characteristics and influence analysis of clutter spectrum width, combined with the actual acquisition of thunder As the echo signal characteristics and amplitude characteristics of the power spectrum are simulated and analyzed, combined with the characteristics of the power spectrum estimation and adaptive clutter processing technology, the echo of radar clutter suppression and classification. This paper will clutter the classification, analysis of spectral characteristics of different clutter amplitude fluctuation characteristics and power study on the amplitude fluctuation characteristics, applicable conditions and characteristics of the power spectrum, mainly in order to understand the clutter, the clutter is divided into fixed clutter and moving clutter, for different clutter to find effective way to suppress clutter, so the method of clutter suppression are described. Mainly introduces the moving target indication (MTI), adaptive moving target indication (AMTI) and moving target detection (MTD) for the principle of these filters. The condition in the MTI filter for the single delay line canceller, dual delay line canceller, With the feedback delay line with optimal coefficient of delay line canceller and explains the implementation method of cancellation and applicable conditions; in the AMTI focus on the principle of AMTI implementation and spectral estimation methods are introduced; in MTD, the basic principle of MTD and the estimation method of clutter spectrum width to be described. In view of the above described different clutter suppression method for radar echo and the actual clutter suppression effect comparison of various methods, the stationary clutter MTI filter is used to eliminate; moving clutter using AMTI filter to eliminate; with fixed clutter and moving clutter using double notch filter to eliminate, or use the Dynamic Clutter Map and static clutter eliminating clutter, and then use the AMTI filter. On the spectral characteristics of clutter power analysis and design optimization and filtering for clutter suppression, from And the optimal filter is achieved.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安電子科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TN957.51

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