本文選題：無線定位　切入點：多徑信道　出處：《天津大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：到達(dá)時間(Time of Arrival,TOA)估計方法是一種非常適合于室內(nèi)復(fù)雜多徑傳播環(huán)境中應(yīng)用的定位方法。噪聲、多徑干擾、收發(fā)系統(tǒng)間的不同步及非視距傳播等是影響TOA估計精度的主要因素,目前亟待解決的一個基本問題就是如何精確地估計無線信號直達(dá)徑的到達(dá)時間延遲。本論文主要針對無線定位中的到達(dá)時間TOA估計算法開展了深入地研究。首先,通過建立恰當(dāng)?shù)亩鄰叫诺滥Ｐ?對常用的TOA估計算法進行了研究。然后,在現(xiàn)有的TOA估計算法的分析研究基礎(chǔ)上,提出了幾種應(yīng)用于無線定位中TOA估計的新的改進算法,分別為改進Teager-Kaiser算子的TOA估計算法、最大搜索斜率(Max Search Slope,MSS)算法和基于互相關(guān)的混合TOA估計算法。改進Teager-Kaiser算子算法中提出先對相關(guān)曲線作高次方運算來降低噪聲的影響作用,再結(jié)合Teager-Kaiser算子進行TOA估計,并提出通過限定處理數(shù)據(jù)范圍來降低計算復(fù)雜度的相應(yīng)方案;MSS算法實現(xiàn)TOA的延遲估計的原理是相關(guān)曲線的變化率對應(yīng)于TOA位置的值最大,通過在TOA值對應(yīng)相關(guān)曲線的位置區(qū)間搜索變化率的“突變”位置進行TOA估計;考慮到噪聲對TOA估計精度的影響,隨后提出在相關(guān)函數(shù)的基礎(chǔ)上結(jié)合小波去噪的方法來實現(xiàn)TOA估計的混合算法,先通過相關(guān)曲線得到多條差分曲線,并分別進行小波分解,提取對應(yīng)于TOA值的小波系數(shù),同時對其他系數(shù)做置零處理,再進行重構(gòu),將重構(gòu)曲線作疊加平均處理得到對應(yīng)的TOA估計值。對各種改進算法的仿真結(jié)果表明,所提出的改進算法對TOA估計的精度都有明顯提高,性能優(yōu)于傳統(tǒng)的估計算法,特別是在噪聲比較嚴(yán)重的情況下,TOA的估計精度得到很大的提高。
[Abstract]:Time of arrival (TO) estimation is a very suitable localization method for indoor complex multipath propagation environment.Noise, multipath interference, asynchronous and non-line-of-sight propagation between transceiver and transceiver systems are the main factors affecting the accuracy of TOA estimation. One of the basic problems to be solved is how to accurately estimate the arrival time delay of the direct path of wireless signal.In this paper, the time of arrival (TOA) estimation algorithm in wireless location is studied.Firstly, the common TOA estimation algorithms are studied by establishing an appropriate multipath channel model.Then, based on the analysis and research of the existing TOA estimation algorithms, several new improved algorithms for TOA estimation in wireless location are proposed, respectively, which are the TOA estimation algorithms for the improved Teager-Kaiser operator.Max Search Slope Search algorithm and hybrid TOA estimation algorithm based on cross-correlation.In the improved Teager-Kaiser operator algorithm, the high power operation of the correlation curve is proposed first to reduce the effect of noise, and then the TOA estimation is carried out by using the Teager-Kaiser operator.A scheme to reduce the computational complexity by limiting the range of data processing is proposed. The principle of TOA delay estimation based on MSS algorithm is that the change rate of the correlation curve corresponds to the maximum value of the TOA position.The TOA estimation is carried out by searching the "mutation" position of the rate of change in the position interval of the correlation curve corresponding to the TOA value, and considering the effect of noise on the accuracy of TOA estimation,Then a hybrid algorithm based on correlation function and wavelet denoising is proposed to realize TOA estimation. Firstly, several difference curves are obtained by correlation curves, and wavelet coefficients corresponding to TOA value are extracted by wavelet decomposition.At the same time, the other coefficients are set zero, then reconstructed, then the reconstruction curve is processed by superposition average to get the corresponding TOA estimate.The simulation results of various improved algorithms show that the proposed improved algorithm can improve the accuracy of TOA estimation obviously, and its performance is better than that of the traditional estimation algorithm, especially in the case of serious noise.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TN92

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