本文選題：水下傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)　切入點(diǎn)：路由選擇　出處：《天津大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：水下無(wú)線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)是由一系列具有聲學(xué)通信能力和計(jì)算能力的傳感器節(jié)點(diǎn)構(gòu)成的水下檢測(cè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)系統(tǒng),在海洋資源勘測(cè),水污染檢測(cè)、海洋地震監(jiān)控、戰(zhàn)術(shù)監(jiān)視等領(lǐng)域都有著廣泛的應(yīng)用前景。近些年來(lái),有關(guān)水下傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)方面的研究已經(jīng)引起各國(guó)政府和研究機(jī)構(gòu)的廣泛關(guān)注,成為當(dāng)前研究熱點(diǎn)之一。水下傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)依靠聲音進(jìn)行通信,聲音在水中的傳播速度較低,數(shù)據(jù)往往通過(guò)多個(gè)中間節(jié)點(diǎn)的轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)才能傳輸?shù)交尽Ｓ捎谒暰W(wǎng)絡(luò)本身具有能量受限、高延遲、低帶寬、信號(hào)衰減、信道質(zhì)量依環(huán)境變化等特點(diǎn),使得水下無(wú)線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)中路徑選擇的研究面臨巨大挑戰(zhàn)。目前水下傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)通常簡(jiǎn)單地基于節(jié)點(diǎn)的地理位置進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)發(fā),如常用的VBF、HHVBF路由協(xié)議。這往往會(huì)造成在節(jié)點(diǎn)稀疏時(shí)找不到轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)路徑,或者節(jié)點(diǎn)密集時(shí)大量節(jié)點(diǎn)參與轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)過(guò)程,從而使網(wǎng)絡(luò)的性能大大降低。針對(duì)該問(wèn)題,本論文提出了一種基于節(jié)點(diǎn)的剩余能量和鏈路質(zhì)量的跨層路徑選擇算法來(lái)對(duì)轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)節(jié)點(diǎn)進(jìn)行選擇。本文根據(jù)歷史傳輸信息,采用指數(shù)平滑法對(duì)節(jié)點(diǎn)間鏈路質(zhì)量進(jìn)行預(yù)測(cè),并結(jié)合節(jié)點(diǎn)的剩余能量和鏈路質(zhì)量進(jìn)一步提出了節(jié)點(diǎn)質(zhì)量因子,通過(guò)選擇鄰居節(jié)點(diǎn)中具有最大質(zhì)量因子的節(jié)點(diǎn)作為轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)節(jié)點(diǎn),均衡了網(wǎng)絡(luò)中能量的消耗,提高數(shù)據(jù)傳輸成功率,延長(zhǎng)了網(wǎng)絡(luò)的生存時(shí)間,使得網(wǎng)絡(luò)有限的資源得到合理有效地利用。本文在Aqua-Sim仿真平臺(tái)上對(duì)該算法的性能進(jìn)行仿真,通過(guò)實(shí)驗(yàn)分別確定了節(jié)點(diǎn)靜止和運(yùn)動(dòng)兩種狀態(tài)下最優(yōu)的鏈路質(zhì)量預(yù)測(cè)參數(shù)值以及節(jié)點(diǎn)質(zhì)量因子參數(shù)值。在此基礎(chǔ)上,將本文的路徑選擇算法與VBF、HHVBF協(xié)議和改進(jìn)的RHHVBF協(xié)議進(jìn)行比較,實(shí)驗(yàn)證明在節(jié)點(diǎn)靜止和運(yùn)動(dòng)時(shí),本文提出的路徑選擇算法在數(shù)據(jù)傳輸成功率和網(wǎng)絡(luò)生存時(shí)間方面均有了顯著提升。
[Abstract]:Underwater wireless sensor network (WSNs) is an underwater detection network system composed of a series of sensor nodes with acoustic communication ability and computing capability. It is used in marine resource survey, water pollution detection, ocean seismic monitoring and control. Tactical surveillance and other fields have broad application prospects. In recent years, the research on underwater sensor networks has attracted extensive attention of governments and research institutions. Underwater sensor networks rely on sound to communicate, and the speed of sound propagation in water is low. The data can be transmitted to the base station only through the transmission of multiple intermediate nodes. Due to the characteristics of the underwater acoustic network, such as limited energy, high delay, low bandwidth, signal attenuation, channel quality depending on the environment, etc. The research of path selection in underwater wireless sensor networks (WSNs) is facing a great challenge. At present, underwater sensor networks usually simply transmit data based on the geographical location of nodes. For example, the commonly used VBFNHHVBF routing protocol. This often results in the routing path can not be found when the nodes are sparse, or a large number of nodes participate in the forwarding process when the nodes are dense, so that the performance of the network is greatly reduced. In this paper, a cross-layer path selection algorithm based on residual energy and link quality of nodes is proposed to select forwarding nodes. In this paper, exponential smoothing method is used to predict the quality of links between nodes according to historical transmission information. Combined with the residual energy of the node and the link quality, the node quality factor is further proposed. By selecting the node with the largest quality factor in the neighbor node as the forwarding node, the energy consumption in the network is balanced and the success rate of data transmission is improved. The lifetime of the network is prolonged and the limited resources of the network are utilized reasonably and effectively. This paper simulates the performance of the algorithm on the Aqua-Sim simulation platform. The optimal link quality prediction parameters and the node quality factor parameters in static and moving nodes are determined by experiments. On this basis, the proposed path selection algorithm is compared with the VBF-HHVBF protocol and the improved RHHVBF protocol. Experimental results show that the proposed path selection algorithm has a significant improvement in data transmission success rate and network lifetime when nodes are still and moving.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TP212.9;TN929.3

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