本文選題：混合心電信號建模　切入點：FECG　出處：《哈爾濱工業(yè)大學》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：先天性心臟缺陷形成于懷孕早期，是最常見的出生缺陷，也是致使新生兒夭折的主要原因。大部分心臟缺陷會表現(xiàn)在心電圖中，而且心電圖記錄方法和常規(guī)的超聲方法相比，包含了更多的生理信息。因此，定期監(jiān)測胎兒心電圖（FECG）及發(fā)現(xiàn)早期的心臟異常，可以幫助產科和兒科醫(yī)生確定早期用藥或在分娩過程中或出生后考慮必要的預防和診斷措施。然而胎兒心電信號十分微弱，容易受到外界環(huán)境和母體自身干擾，是目前提取較為純凈胎兒心電信號面臨的主要問題。 本文研究胎兒心電信號產生原理，心電噪聲模型和偶極矢量模型以及多通道混合心電信號模型。重點研究上述模型的參數(shù)優(yōu)化估計算法，研究模擬混合心電信號的空間濾波算法及胎兒心電信號的提取算法。主要研究內容包括以下幾個方面： 首先，合成心電噪聲模擬信號。根據(jù)實際心電噪聲模型即時變AR模型，基于卡爾曼濾波算法，并且利用真實心電噪聲數(shù)據(jù)庫對模型進行訓練，實現(xiàn)模型參數(shù)優(yōu)化估計，合成不同信噪比的心電噪聲模擬信號，為合成多通道混合心電模擬信號以及合理優(yōu)化布置母體腹部電極提供理論依據(jù)。 然后，，合成多通道混合母體腹部心電模擬信號。研究基于最小二乘梯度下降算法的三維動態(tài)偶極矢量模型的參數(shù)優(yōu)化，利用R波檢測、心拍分片和提取特征參數(shù)實現(xiàn)偶極矢量模型的初始化，引入均方誤差評價模型的準確度。根據(jù)多通道心電信號模型，推導出人體容積導體模型公式，利用非侵入式心電信號數(shù)據(jù)庫合成多通道心電模擬信號，疊加合成的模擬噪聲，輸出多通道母體腹部混合心電模擬信號。 接著，利用EKF和EKS算法濾除心電噪聲。線性化基于極坐標形式下的五階高斯核函數(shù)模型，建立狀態(tài)方程和觀測方程。利用3σ準則粗略估計兩種算法的誤差分布，并且引入標準信噪比，更精確的評價兩種濾波算法的有效性。 最后，利用盲源分離算法分離得到FECG。根據(jù)與盲源分離算法相適應的多通道心電信號（母體）模型，提取胎兒心電信號。引入修正輸出信噪比對比分析Fast ICA和JADE算法的提取效果，驗證兩種提取算法的有效性。
[Abstract]:Congenital heart defects occur early in pregnancy, are the most common birth defects and are the leading cause of neonatal mortality. Most heart defects occur in electrocardiograms, and ECG recording methods are compared to conventional ultrasound methods. Therefore, regular monitoring of fetal electrocardiogram (FECG) and detection of early cardiac abnormalities, Can help obstetricians and paediatricians to identify early medication or to consider the necessary preventive and diagnostic measures during childbirth or after birth. However, fetal ECG signals are very weak and vulnerable to external environment and maternal interference, It is the main problem to extract pure fetal ECG signal. In this paper, the principle of fetal ECG signal generation, ECG noise model, dipole vector model and multichannel mixed ECG model are studied. The spatial filtering algorithm of analog mixed ECG signal and the extraction algorithm of fetal ECG signal are studied. Firstly, synthetic ECG noise analog signal is synthesized. According to the real ECG noise model, the AR model is changed immediately, based on Kalman filter algorithm, and the real ECG noise database is used to train the model to realize the optimal estimation of the model parameters. The synthesis of ECG noise analog signals with different signal-to-noise ratio provides a theoretical basis for the synthesis of multi-channel mixed ECG analog signals and the rational layout of the abdominal-electrode of the mother body. Then, the abdominal electrocardiogram analog signals of multi-channel hybrid matrix are synthesized. The parameter optimization of 3D dynamic dipole vector model based on least square gradient descent algorithm is studied, and R wave detection is used. The dipole vector model is initialized by taking the beat and extracting the characteristic parameters, and the accuracy of the model is evaluated by the mean square error. According to the multichannel electrocardiogram model, the formula of the human body volume conductor model is derived. Multi-channel ECG analog signals are synthesized by using non-invasive ECG database, and the synthetic analog noise is superimposed to output the mixed ECG analog signals from the abdomen of multi-channel mother. Then, EKF and EKS algorithms are used to filter ECG noise. Linearization is based on the fifth order Gao Si kernel function model in polar coordinate form, and the state equation and observation equation are established. The error distribution of the two algorithms is estimated roughly by using the 3 蟽 criterion. And the standard signal-to-noise ratio is introduced to evaluate the effectiveness of the two filtering algorithms more accurately. Finally, FECG is separated by blind source separation algorithm. According to the multi-channel ECG (matrix) model suitable for blind source separation algorithm, The effect of Fast ICA and JADE algorithm is compared with the modified output SNR. The validity of the two algorithms is verified.
【學位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TN911.6;R714.5

【參考文獻】

相關期刊論文 前7條

1 翟紅藝;王春民;張晶;尹晶;喬良;;基于織物電極的心電監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)[J];吉林大學學報(信息科學版);2012年02期

2 胡剛,常富杰,劉志華,張浩;高性能胎兒心電檢測電路設計[J];生物醫(yī)學工程研究;2003年03期

3 黎捷;王寬全;袁永峰;左旺孟;呂偉剛;;心肌細胞電生理建模進展[J];現(xiàn)代生物醫(yī)學進展;2009年08期

4 王建雄;張立民;鐘兆根;;基于FastICA算法的盲源分離[J];計算機技術與發(fā)展;2011年12期

5 石文斌;王大鳴;仵國鋒;崔維嘉;;一種基于JADE與小波去噪的自適應盲分離方法[J];信息工程大學學報;2012年01期

6 龐亞飛;楊明;;心臟建模研究現(xiàn)狀及發(fā)展趨勢[J];中國醫(yī)療器械雜志;2011年01期

7 尤濤;劉興光;王新寬;侯小東;丁凡;丁兆紅;張臣;移康;;脈搏血氧儀篩查兒童亞臨床先天性心臟病準確性的系統(tǒng)評價和Meta分析[J];中國胸心血管外科臨床雜志;2013年06期

相關博士學位論文 前1條

1 高建彬;盲源分離算法及相關理論研究[D];電子科技大學;2012年

本文編號：1576044