基于無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)的工業(yè)環(huán)境氨氣泄露監(jiān)測報警系統(tǒng)
本文關(guān)鍵詞: 氨氣泄露監(jiān)測 GSM模塊 LabVIEW ZigBee 無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò) 出處:《哈爾濱理工大學》2014年碩士論文 論文類型:學位論文
【摘要】:氨氣是一種重要的化工原料,在工業(yè)生產(chǎn)中有著廣泛的應(yīng)用,但如果操作不當,就會引發(fā)危險。由于氨泄露具有易中毒傷亡、易燃燒爆炸、易發(fā)次生事故等特點,因此處置難度較大。在工業(yè)環(huán)境中,由于管理不善,設(shè)備陳舊,管道破裂,閥門松動等原因,經(jīng)常發(fā)生氨氣泄露并且引發(fā)一系列較為嚴重的事故。而目前國內(nèi)的事故預(yù)防措施還不完善,危險發(fā)生往往不能第一時間發(fā)現(xiàn)并采取措施。 現(xiàn)有的氣體監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)大多依賴有線通信,系統(tǒng)體積大,,安裝檢修都比較困難。一旦遇到監(jiān)控終端與主控終端距離較遠或布線困難的環(huán)境則難以實現(xiàn)有效監(jiān)控。隨著無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)理論的成熟和ZigBee協(xié)議的出現(xiàn),無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)在環(huán)境監(jiān)測等領(lǐng)域開始有了廣泛的應(yīng)用。本文采用ZigBee無線技術(shù)來搭建具備實時監(jiān)測氨氣濃度的設(shè)計方案。由于無線傳感器節(jié)點體積小,移動方便,而且能自動組網(wǎng),所以布局十分方便。近幾年都開始采用無線技術(shù)來實現(xiàn)對污染氣體的監(jiān)測,在國內(nèi)外的研究也非常活躍。 本文首先介紹了氨氣監(jiān)測的目的和意義,分析了氨氣泄露的特點和危險性。然后完成了系統(tǒng)終端節(jié)點和協(xié)調(diào)器的軟硬件設(shè)計,LabVIEW軟件設(shè)計了上位機監(jiān)控界面。通過在終端節(jié)點搭載MQ137氨氣傳感器,使用STM8單片機采集氨氣濃度數(shù)據(jù),ZigBee模塊將數(shù)據(jù)無線發(fā)送至協(xié)調(diào)器。上位機通過串口通信讀取氨氣的濃度數(shù)據(jù)。當氨氣濃度超過預(yù)設(shè)定值時,則通過GSM模塊將泄漏地址以短信的形式發(fā)給工作人員。在廠區(qū)、車間等氨氣制造場所合理布置傳感器節(jié)點,可以有效避免由于氨氣的大規(guī)模擴散進而危害人們的生命和財產(chǎn)安全。
[Abstract]:Ammonia gas is an important chemical raw material, which is widely used in industrial production, but if it is not properly operated, it will cause danger. In the industrial environment, due to poor management, obsolete equipment, broken pipes, loose valves, and so on, Ammonia leakage often occurs and leads to a series of serious accidents. However, at present, the domestic accident prevention measures are not perfect, the danger often can not be detected and taken measures at the first time. Most of the existing gas monitoring systems rely on wired communications. It is difficult to install and overhaul. Once the monitoring terminal is far from the main control terminal or the wiring is difficult, it is difficult to realize effective monitoring. With the maturity of the theory of wireless sensor network and the appearance of ZigBee protocol, Wireless sensor network (WSN) has been widely used in environmental monitoring and other fields. In this paper, ZigBee wireless technology is used to set up a design scheme with real-time monitoring of ammonia concentration. Because of the small size of wireless sensor nodes, the wireless sensor nodes are easy to move. In recent years, wireless technology has been used to monitor the pollution gas, and the research is very active at home and abroad. This paper first introduces the purpose and significance of ammonia gas monitoring. The characteristics and danger of ammonia leakage are analyzed. Then, the software and hardware design of the terminal node and coordinator of the system is completed. LabVIEW software designs the monitor interface of the upper computer. By using MQ137 ammonia gas sensor at the terminal node, the monitoring interface of the upper computer is designed. The STM8 singlechip is used to collect the ammonia concentration data and ZigBee module sends the data to the coordinator wirelessly. The upper computer reads the ammonia concentration data through serial communication. When the ammonia concentration exceeds the preset value, Then the leak address is sent to the staff by GSM module in the form of short message. The sensor nodes are arranged reasonably in the plant, workshop and other ammonia gas manufacturing sites. It can effectively avoid the large-scale spread of ammonia and endanger people's lives and property safety.
【學位授予單位】:哈爾濱理工大學
【學位級別】:碩士
【學位授予年份】:2014
【分類號】:TP277;TN929.5;TP212.9
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