本文關(guān)鍵詞： 隨機數(shù) 混沌 保密通信 全光信號處理　出處：《太原理工大學》2014年博士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：隨機數(shù)在蒙特卡洛(Monte Carlo)模擬、統(tǒng)計抽樣、人工神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)等科學計算方面有著廣泛應(yīng)用。尤其,在保密通信領(lǐng)域,產(chǎn)生安全、可靠的隨機數(shù)(常稱作“密鑰”)關(guān)系著國防安全、金融穩(wěn)定、商業(yè)機密、個人隱私等眾多方面。 隨機數(shù)的產(chǎn)生方法分為兩大類：偽隨機數(shù)發(fā)生器和物理隨機數(shù)發(fā)生器。偽隨機數(shù)發(fā)生器基于一定的算法和種子,可以方便地產(chǎn)生速率達數(shù)十Gbps的隨機數(shù)序列,具有成本低廉、易實現(xiàn)等優(yōu)勢,但它固有的周期性令其在安全通信中應(yīng)用時存在重大隱患。物理隨機數(shù)發(fā)生器則是以物理界隨機現(xiàn)象作為熵源產(chǎn)生無法預(yù)測、非周期的真隨機數(shù),可保證科學計算的準確性及保密通信的安全性。然而,常規(guī)的物理隨機數(shù)發(fā)生器受限于傳統(tǒng)熵源(如熱噪聲、振蕩器抖動等)的帶寬,速率僅處于Mbps量級,無法滿足現(xiàn)代高速保密通信的絕對安全需要。 直到近年來,寬帶光子熵源(如混沌激光、ASE噪聲等)的出現(xiàn)極大推進了物理隨機數(shù)發(fā)生器的高速發(fā)展。其中,混沌激光因其高帶寬、大幅度等特性,獲得了人們的極大關(guān)注,被廣泛應(yīng)用于高速物理隨機數(shù)的產(chǎn)生。然而,現(xiàn)有方案均屬于光電系統(tǒng),是將快速變化的光信號轉(zhuǎn)換為電信號,在電域中完成對隨機信號的采樣、量化及后續(xù)處理以產(chǎn)生高速隨機數(shù)。據(jù)我們所知,截至目前已見報道的物理隨機數(shù)發(fā)生器可達到的最高實時速率是4.5Gbps。若要進一步提高速率,則需選用超高速的電ADC、異或門等器件,勢必面臨“電子瓶頸”的限制,提升空間有限。盡管一些報道指出基于寬帶光子熵源可產(chǎn)生碼率達Gbps、甚至Tbps的隨機數(shù)序列,但必須注意到,這些碼率是將取樣時鐘的頻率與多位ADC的位數(shù)相乘而得到的理論預(yù)期,并非實時在線輸出。 本論文致力于發(fā)展新型全光物理隨機數(shù)產(chǎn)生方法,將寬帶激光混沌源與全光信號處理技術(shù)相結(jié)合,在光域中完成隨機數(shù)提取,可有效克服現(xiàn)有光電技術(shù)遭遇的“電子瓶頸”。而且全光方法產(chǎn)生的隨機碼可與現(xiàn)行光通信網(wǎng)絡(luò)直接兼容——無需任何光-電或電-光轉(zhuǎn)換。此外,隨著下一代全光網(wǎng)絡(luò)的發(fā)展和成熟,該技術(shù)將具有更大的潛在應(yīng)用價值。 本論文圍繞“基于激光混沌的全光物理隨機數(shù)發(fā)生器”這一研究課題,完成了如下工作： 1.介紹了隨機數(shù)的應(yīng)用及其重要性,歸納了隨機數(shù)的產(chǎn)生辦法及質(zhì)量評價標準。尤其,針對基于激光混沌的物理隨機數(shù)發(fā)生器進行了綜合評述,詳細探討了當前國內(nèi)外的研究現(xiàn)狀,指出了發(fā)展全光隨機數(shù)產(chǎn)生技術(shù)的意義。 2.提出了三種基于連續(xù)型激光混沌熵源的全光隨機數(shù)產(chǎn)生方案,并數(shù)值論證了各方案的可行性。方案一利用光反饋擾動半導(dǎo)體激光器產(chǎn)生的寬帶混沌信號為熵源,采用高非線性光纖中的四波混頻效應(yīng)對熵源信號采樣,以高非線性光纖環(huán)形振蕩器為全光比較器(僅有比較功能),結(jié)合“兩路異或”技術(shù),獲得了5Gbps隨機碼。方案二采用光反饋和光注入聯(lián)合擾動半導(dǎo)體激光器產(chǎn)生的帶寬增強型混沌信號為熵源,以基于高非線性光纖的Sagnac干涉儀為采樣器,利用四分之波長相移的DFB激光器為全光比較器(僅有比較功能),結(jié)合“延遲異或”技術(shù),實現(xiàn)了10Gbps隨機碼的產(chǎn)生。方案三仍以帶寬增強型混沌信號為熵源,但采用馬赫增德爾電光調(diào)制器作為采樣器,以四分之波長相移的DFB激光器為全光觸發(fā)器(兼具比較和保持兩項功能),結(jié)合“移位異或”技術(shù),完成了Gbps隨機碼的產(chǎn)生。以上方案所產(chǎn)生的隨機碼均能成功通過隨機數(shù)行業(yè)測試標準。 3.提出并數(shù)值證實了兩種基于離散型激光混沌信號的全光隨機數(shù)產(chǎn)生方法。這種類型的全光隨機數(shù)發(fā)生器無需外部觸發(fā)時鐘、采樣及后續(xù)邏輯處理過程,直接將熵源信號量化為隨機數(shù),大大降低了系統(tǒng)復(fù)雜度。具體地,我們詳細分析和討論了兩類離散型激光混沌信號的產(chǎn)生方法及隨機特性。它們分別是利用被動鎖模光纖激光器產(chǎn)生的脈沖幅度混沌信號和利用光注入方式擾動雙區(qū)半導(dǎo)體激光器獲得的混沌自脈動信號。繼而,分別利用兩者作為物理熵源,結(jié)合全光觸發(fā)技術(shù),數(shù)值實現(xiàn)了可通過隨機數(shù)行業(yè)測試標準的高速物理隨機數(shù)。 4.對本論文工作進行了總結(jié),并結(jié)合當前高速物理隨機數(shù)的研究熱點,指出了未來可能的研究方向。
[Abstract]:The random numbers are widely used in the fields of Monte Carlo simulation , statistical sampling , artificial neural network and so on . Especially in the field of classified communication , a secure and reliable random number ( often referred to as " key " ) is related to many aspects such as national defense security , financial stability , commercial secrets and personal privacy . The generation method of random number is divided into two categories : pseudo - random number generator and physical random number generator . The pseudo - random number generator is based on certain algorithm and seed . It can produce random number sequence of tens of Gbps conveniently . It has the advantages of low cost , easy realization and so on . However , the physical random number generator is limited by physical boundary random phenomenon as an entropy source . It can guarantee the accuracy of scientific calculation and the security of secret communication . However , the conventional physical random number generator is limited by the bandwidth of traditional entropy source ( such as thermal noise , oscillator jitter , etc . ) , and the rate is only on the order of Mbps , which can not meet the absolute security requirement of modern high - speed secure communication . In recent years , the emergence of broadband photon entropy source ( such as chaotic laser , ASE noise , etc . ) has greatly promoted the high - speed development of physical random number generator . In addition , with the development and maturity of the next generation of all - optical networks , the technology will have greater potential application value . This thesis focuses on the research project of " Laser chaos - based all - optical physical random number generator " , and completes the following work : 1 . The application of random number and its importance are introduced . The method of generating random number and quality evaluation standard are summarized . In particular , the present research situation at home and abroad is discussed in detail , and the significance of developing all - optical random number generation technology is pointed out . In this paper , we propose three schemes for generating all - optical random numbers based on continuous laser chaotic entropy sources , and demonstrate the feasibility of the schemes . The scheme 1 uses the broadband chaotic signal generated by the optical feedback disturbance semiconductor laser as the entropy source , and uses the four - wave mixing effect in the high nonlinear optical fiber as an entropy source , and combines the " two - way XOR " technology to obtain the 5Gbps random code . 3 . The method of generating all - optical random numbers based on discrete laser chaotic signals is presented and numerically confirmed . This kind of all - optical random number generator does not need external trigger clock , sampling and follow - up logic processing , directly reduces the entropy source signal to random number , greatly reduces system complexity . In addition , we analyze and discuss the generation method and random characteristics of two kinds of discrete laser chaotic signals . 4 . The work of this thesis is summarized , and the future research direction is pointed out combining with the research hot spot of the current high - speed physical random number .

【學位授予單位】：太原理工大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：O415.5;TN918

【參考文獻】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前4條

1 俞俊,沈海斌,嚴曉浪;基于混沌的高速真隨機數(shù)發(fā)生器的設(shè)計與實現(xiàn)[J];半導(dǎo)體學報;2004年08期

2 鄧煥;金榮華;陳俊;謝磊;曾曉洋;郭亞煒;;基于振蕩器的高性能真隨機數(shù)發(fā)生器[J];固體電子學研究與進展;2007年03期

3 馮野;楊毅彪;王安幫;王云才;;利用半導(dǎo)體激光器環(huán)產(chǎn)生27GHz的平坦寬帶混沌激光[J];物理學報;2011年06期

4 唐曦;吳加貴;夏光瓊;吳正茂;;基于互注入半導(dǎo)體激光器的混沌輸出產(chǎn)生17.5Gbit/s隨機碼[J];物理學報;2011年11期

，

本文編號：1533705