本文關(guān)鍵詞： TD-LTE 基站規(guī)劃 多目標(biāo)優(yōu)化 進(jìn)化算法 正交頻分復(fù)用　出處：《廣東工業(yè)大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：TD-LTE是TD-SCDMA向4G的平滑演進(jìn)。與第三代移動(dòng)通信系統(tǒng)采用的碼分多址技術(shù)不同的是,LTE系統(tǒng)采用正交頻分復(fù)用(OFDM)技術(shù)為基礎(chǔ)的多址方式。OFDM技術(shù)的基本思想是把高速數(shù)據(jù)流分散到多個(gè)相互正交的子載波上進(jìn)行傳輸,從而使各個(gè)子載波上的符號(hào)速率大大降低,相應(yīng)的符號(hào)持續(xù)時(shí)間大大加長(zhǎng),并且采用循環(huán)前綴的方式抵抗無(wú)線信號(hào)多徑傳輸?shù)臅r(shí)延擴(kuò)展,因此特別適用于寬帶通信的場(chǎng)景。LTE采用多天線MIMO技術(shù)以滿足系統(tǒng)在高數(shù)據(jù)速率和高系統(tǒng)容量方面的需求。根據(jù)天線部署形態(tài)和實(shí)際應(yīng)用情況可以選擇采用發(fā)射分集、空間復(fù)用、波束賦形這3種不同的MIMO實(shí)現(xiàn)方案。例如：對(duì)于基站部署大間距非相關(guān)天線陣列的情況,可以采用空間復(fù)用的方案同時(shí)傳輸多個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)流,實(shí)現(xiàn)很高的數(shù)據(jù)速率；對(duì)于部署小間距相關(guān)天線陣列的基站,可以采用波束賦形技術(shù),將天線波束指向目標(biāo)用戶,減少用戶間干擾；而對(duì)于控制信道等需要更好地保證接收正確性的場(chǎng)景,發(fā)射分集是一種合理的選擇。 基站規(guī)劃是指考慮近期和遠(yuǎn)期業(yè)務(wù)發(fā)展需要,確定網(wǎng)絡(luò)建設(shè)的目標(biāo),以及為達(dá)到該目標(biāo)所需要的基站數(shù)量、相應(yīng)位置和配置。 針對(duì)TD-LTE基站規(guī)劃,本文提出一種快速的、高效的、智能的方法。在模型上,本文通過(guò)綜合考慮4G的同頻干擾、OFDM、小區(qū)邊緣速率、參考信號(hào)接收功率(RSRP)和基站站址密度等,對(duì)網(wǎng)絡(luò)建設(shè)區(qū)域進(jìn)行柵格化,用一個(gè)點(diǎn)(測(cè)試點(diǎn))來(lái)代表這一小片區(qū)域的用戶的業(yè)務(wù)需求,進(jìn)而建立一個(gè)以建設(shè)成本、覆蓋率和容量為目標(biāo)的數(shù)學(xué)模型。在網(wǎng)絡(luò)建設(shè)前期,根據(jù)建設(shè)區(qū)域的類型選擇合適的柵格距離進(jìn)行柵格化,并進(jìn)行候選基站的撒點(diǎn)。接著可以通過(guò)激活基站的配置和資源分配方法對(duì)各個(gè)測(cè)試點(diǎn)的RSRP進(jìn)行計(jì)算,進(jìn)一步可以得到網(wǎng)絡(luò)的覆蓋和容量。 在算法方面,本文采用帶局部搜索的多目標(biāo)遺傳算法進(jìn)行智能求解。所設(shè)計(jì)的局部搜索能對(duì)每個(gè)解進(jìn)行局部調(diào)整,不但提高了網(wǎng)絡(luò)的覆蓋性和降低了建設(shè)成本,而且大大提高了算法的收斂速度。仿真結(jié)果表明本文的模型不但能夠求出以最少的建設(shè)成本來(lái)滿足網(wǎng)絡(luò)指標(biāo),而且能夠求出每個(gè)建設(shè)基站的天線類型、天線掛高和小區(qū)類型；使用局部搜索后的算法速度得到明顯的提高。
[Abstract]:TD-LTE is the smooth evolution of TD-SCDMA to 4G. Different from the code division multiple access (CDMA) technology used in the third generation mobile communication system, the basic idea of the multiple access mode. OFDM technology based on orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) technology is to transfer high speed data. The stream is spread over a plurality of orthogonal subcarriers for transmission, Thus, the symbol rate on each subcarrier is greatly reduced, the corresponding symbol duration is greatly prolonged, and the cyclic prefix is used to resist the delay spread of wireless signal multipath transmission. Therefore, the multi-antenna MIMO technology is adopted to meet the demand of the system in the aspect of high data rate and high system capacity. According to the configuration of antenna deployment and the actual application situation, it can be chosen to adopt transmit diversity and space multiplexing. For example, the spatial multiplexing scheme can be used to transmit multiple data streams at the same time, which can achieve high data rate. The beamforming technique can be used for the base station with small spacing antenna array to point the antenna beam to the target user, and to reduce the interference between users, while for the control channel, the receiving accuracy can be better guaranteed. Launch diversity is a reasonable choice. Base station planning is to consider the needs of short-term and long-term business development, determine the goal of network construction, as well as the number, location and configuration of base stations needed to achieve this goal. In this paper, a fast, efficient and intelligent method is proposed for TD-LTE base station planning. In the model, by synthetically considering 4G co-frequency interference (OFDM), cell edge rate, reference signal receiving power (RSRP) and base station address density, etc. The network construction area is rasterized, a point (test point) is used to represent the business needs of the users in this small area, and a mathematical model aiming at construction cost, coverage and capacity is established. According to the type of construction area, the appropriate grid distance is selected for rasterization, and the scatter point of candidate base station is carried out. Then, the RSRP of each test point can be calculated by activating the configuration of base station and the method of resource allocation. Further, the coverage and capacity of the network can be obtained. In the aspect of algorithm, the multi-objective genetic algorithm with local search is used to solve the problem intelligently. The designed local search can adjust each solution locally, which not only improves the coverage of the network, but also reduces the construction cost. The simulation results show that the proposed model can not only satisfy the network index with the least construction cost, but also can find the antenna type, antenna hanging height and cell type of each construction base station. The speed of local search algorithm is improved obviously.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣東工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TN929.5

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