【摘要】：銫原子噴泉鐘作為復(fù)現(xiàn)“秒”定義的時(shí)間頻率基準(zhǔn)裝置，具有最高的準(zhǔn)確度性能，在航天航空、精密定位、基礎(chǔ)物理、大地測(cè)量等領(lǐng)域有著廣泛應(yīng)用。銫原子噴泉鐘是以冷原子粘團(tuán)為工作介質(zhì)。研究制備數(shù)目大、溫度低的冷原子粘團(tuán)是研制高性能銫原子噴泉鐘的關(guān)鍵。原子躍遷幾率的探測(cè)效率直接影響銫原子噴泉鐘的性能。 本論文的研究?jī)?nèi)容圍繞銫原子噴泉鐘研制展開(kāi)，包括應(yīng)用慢速原子束制備冷原子粘團(tuán)與銫原子噴泉鐘探測(cè)區(qū)裝置的設(shè)計(jì)和實(shí)現(xiàn)兩部分。 1.分析了噴泉鐘運(yùn)行所需要真空度并提出設(shè)計(jì)方案，完成了真空系統(tǒng)，冷原子粘團(tuán)制備區(qū)真空度優(yōu)于1.6×10~(-7)Pa，，原子激勵(lì)飛行區(qū)真空度優(yōu)于3.8×10~(-7)Pa； 2.在激光系統(tǒng)的的設(shè)計(jì)和研制中，提出了激光擴(kuò)束鏡一體化設(shè)計(jì)方案，并完成了對(duì)冷卻光特質(zhì)的調(diào)校。實(shí)驗(yàn)獲得了的冷原子粘團(tuán)直徑約6mm、數(shù)目(1.8±0.3)×10~8、溫度10.72±0.69μK； 3.研究了不同實(shí)驗(yàn)參數(shù)對(duì)于冷原子粘團(tuán)原子數(shù)目的影響，獲得了最佳實(shí)驗(yàn)參數(shù)，激光失諧量-14.3MHz，激光功率8mW； 4.分析選擇了雙能級(jí)熒光探測(cè)法為原子躍遷幾率探測(cè)方案，設(shè)計(jì)并實(shí)現(xiàn)了探測(cè)光學(xué)系； 5.研制了熒光收集系統(tǒng)，效率4%～5%； 6.實(shí)驗(yàn)獲得了噴泉鐘標(biāo)志性信號(hào)——Ramsey干涉條紋。
[Abstract]:Cesium Fountain clock, as a time-frequency reference device for reappearing the definition of "second", has the highest accuracy performance and is widely used in aerospace, precision positioning, basic physics, geodesy and other fields. The caesium atomic fountain clock is a cold atomic agglomeration as the working medium. The preparation of large number and low temperature cold atomic adhesives is the key to the development of high performance cesium atomic fountain clock. The detection efficiency of atomic transition probability directly affects the performance of cesium atomic fountain clock. This paper focuses on the development of the cesium atomic fountain clock, including the design and implementation of the device for preparing the cold atomic cluster and the detecting area of the cesium atomic fountain clock using slow atomic beam. 1. The vacuum degree required for the operation of the fountain clock is analyzed and the design scheme is put forward. The vacuum degree of the cold atomic agglomeration preparation area is better than that of 1.6 脳 10 ~ (-7) Pa, atom excited flying area, and the vacuum degree of the cold atomic agglomeration region is better than 3.8 脳 10 ~ (-7) Pa; _ 2. In the design and development of laser system, the integrated design scheme of laser beam expander mirror is put forward, and the cooling light characteristic is adjusted. The experimental results show that the diameter of the cold atoms is about 6 mm, the number is (1.8 鹵0.3) 脳 10 ~ (8), the temperature is 10.72 鹵0.69 渭 K; The effects of different experimental parameters on the number of cold atoms are studied. The optimum experimental parameters are obtained: laser detuning (-14.3 MHz), laser power (8 MW; 4). The two-level fluorescence detection method is selected as the detection scheme of atomic transition probability, and the detection optical system is designed and implemented. 5. Developed a fluorescence collection system, the efficiency of 4 and 5; 6. Experimental results show that the signature signal of fountain clock, Ramsey interference fringe, is obtained.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)科學(xué)院研究生院(國(guó)家授時(shí)中心)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：P127

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