【摘要】：月表形貌特征研究一直是貫穿近幾十年月球探測計(jì)劃的關(guān)鍵任務(wù)之一,撞擊坑作為月球表面最為典型的地貌單元和最基本的地貌形態(tài),也一直是月表形貌特征研究的熱點(diǎn)。對(duì)撞擊坑進(jìn)行正確的識(shí)別和提取可為研究月球現(xiàn)狀和演化歷史提供直接證據(jù),可為研究撞擊坑的形成機(jī)制、撞擊效應(yīng)等提供豐富的信息,其研究水平在一定程度上可以作為月球探測成功與否的標(biāo)志之一。 國內(nèi)外在基于遙感影像進(jìn)行撞擊坑判識(shí)方面的研究已較為成熟,而基于“DEM”(數(shù)字月球表面模型)判識(shí)撞擊坑的研究成果相對(duì)較少,“DEM”往往被作為輔助數(shù)據(jù)用于基于影像的撞擊坑判識(shí)研究中。目前適用于地球的地形地貌提取方法對(duì)于月球撞擊坑判識(shí)的適用性和有效性還未得到驗(yàn)證,因而基于“DEM”判識(shí)月球撞擊坑的方法和技術(shù)并不成熟。 本文通過分析月球撞擊坑形態(tài)要素的特征及撞擊坑在月表的空間分布特征,從形態(tài)特征角度對(duì)月球撞擊坑進(jìn)行了分類,討論了撞擊坑形態(tài)特征在嫦娥一號(hào)“DEM”上的表現(xiàn)；詳細(xì)闡述了現(xiàn)有地形地貌特征提取方法的技術(shù)內(nèi)涵,并基于月球撞擊坑的形態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)特征,對(duì)現(xiàn)有的基于“DEM”的地形地貌提取方法做了較詳細(xì)的比較分析,討論了將其應(yīng)用于月球撞擊坑判識(shí)的適用程度；繼而提出了融合月球撞擊坑形態(tài)和空間特征的撞擊坑判識(shí)方法；設(shè)計(jì)了完整的判識(shí)流程,對(duì)判識(shí)流程執(zhí)行過程中幾個(gè)難點(diǎn)問題給出了有效的處理方法；最后,通過對(duì)比分析、精度評(píng)價(jià)等手段分析了該方法對(duì)于月球撞擊坑判識(shí)的適用性和有效性。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,該方法可以準(zhǔn)確確定撞擊坑的空間位置和數(shù)量、有效的判識(shí)撞擊坑的環(huán)形坑唇線、準(zhǔn)確的表達(dá)撞擊坑二維空間形態(tài)特征。 本文所研究的基于“DEM”對(duì)撞擊坑進(jìn)行正確判識(shí)的方法,將加深人們對(duì)于月球形貌的認(rèn)識(shí)和理解,同時(shí),對(duì)于研究月球巖石構(gòu)造、估算月表年齡、探測器軟著陸地點(diǎn)的修正、反演月壤厚度、恢復(fù)月球起源和演化歷史等都具有重要意義。
[Abstract]:The study of lunar surface topography has been one of the key tasks throughout the lunar exploration program in recent decades. As the most typical geomorphological unit and the most basic geomorphological form of the lunar surface impact crater has always been a hot spot in the research of lunar surface topography. The correct identification and extraction of impact craters can provide direct evidence for the study of the present situation and evolution history of the moon, and provide abundant information for the study of the formation mechanism of impact craters, the impact effects, etc. To a certain extent, its research level can be used as a sign of the success of lunar exploration. The research on the recognition of impact craters based on remote sensing images at home and abroad has been more mature, but the research results based on "DEM" (Digital Moon Surface Model) are relatively few. DEM is often used as auxiliary data for image-based impact crater recognition. The applicability and validity of the topographic and geomorphologic extraction method applied to the earth to the identification of lunar impact craters has not been verified, so the methods and techniques for identifying lunar impact craters based on "DEM" are not mature. Based on the analysis of the characteristics of the lunar crater morphology and the spatial distribution of the crater on the lunar surface, this paper classifies the lunar crater from the angle of morphological characteristics, and discusses the appearance of the impact crater on Chang'e No. 1 "DEM". The technical connotation of the existing topographic and geomorphological feature extraction methods is described in detail. Based on the morphological and structural features of the lunar crater, the existing topographic and geomorphologic extraction methods based on "DEM" are compared and analyzed in detail. The application of this method to the recognition of lunar impact craters is discussed, and a method of recognizing impact craters which combines the shape and spatial characteristics of lunar craters is proposed, and a complete identification process is designed. Several difficult problems in the process of identification are given. Finally, the applicability and effectiveness of this method to the identification of lunar impact craters are analyzed by means of comparative analysis and accuracy evaluation. The experimental results show that the method can accurately determine the space position and number of impact craters, effectively identify the ring crater lip lines of impact craters, and accurately express the two-dimensional spatial morphological characteristics of impact craters. The method of correct recognition of impact crater based on "DEM" studied in this paper will deepen the understanding and understanding of the lunar topography, at the same time, the correction of the study of lunar rock structure, the estimation of lunar surface age, and the location of soft landing of the probe. Inversion of lunar soil thickness and restoration of lunar origin and evolution history are of great significance.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：P184

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前2條

1 岳宗玉;月球構(gòu)造特征與遙感影像解譯初步研究[D];中國地質(zhì)大學(xué)（北京）;2008年

2 李坤;月球小型撞擊坑形貌特征及退化規(guī)律研究[D];武漢大學(xué);2013年

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本文編號(hào)：2243138