【摘要】：射電望遠(yuǎn)鏡是人類探索宇宙的重要工具,為了實(shí)現(xiàn)更高的工作性能,射電望遠(yuǎn)鏡正向大口徑、高精度的趨勢(shì)發(fā)展。受日照非均勻溫度場(chǎng)的影響,射電望遠(yuǎn)鏡反射面會(huì)產(chǎn)生不規(guī)則形變,嚴(yán)重影響射電望遠(yuǎn)鏡的型面精度。因此本文將采用試驗(yàn)與數(shù)值模擬相結(jié)合的方法,對(duì)射電望遠(yuǎn)鏡主、副反射面的日照溫度場(chǎng)進(jìn)行研究,為日后射電望遠(yuǎn)鏡的設(shè)計(jì)建造及其精度控制提供參考。本文研究工作主要從下述4個(gè)方面展開(kāi):1、主反射面溫度場(chǎng)試驗(yàn)研究對(duì)射電望遠(yuǎn)鏡模型的主反射面進(jìn)行日照非均勻溫度場(chǎng)試驗(yàn)。為確保試驗(yàn)效果及試驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)的準(zhǔn)確性本文對(duì)試驗(yàn)進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)設(shè)計(jì),包括選擇試驗(yàn)場(chǎng)地及儀器、確定試驗(yàn)工況、布置溫度傳感器等;根據(jù)16種工況的試驗(yàn)結(jié)果,對(duì)射電望遠(yuǎn)鏡主反射面的溫度場(chǎng)分布規(guī)律及時(shí)變規(guī)律進(jìn)行研究。2、主反射面溫度場(chǎng)試驗(yàn)?zāi)M總結(jié)日照溫度場(chǎng)分析計(jì)算方法,運(yùn)用ANSYS有限元軟件建立主反射面的數(shù)值模型;基于射電望遠(yuǎn)鏡主反射面的日照溫度場(chǎng)試驗(yàn),對(duì)各試驗(yàn)工況進(jìn)行全過(guò)程數(shù)值模擬;分析試驗(yàn)結(jié)果與模擬結(jié)果的誤差率,評(píng)估射電望遠(yuǎn)鏡溫度場(chǎng)數(shù)值模擬方法的有效性。3、副反射面溫度場(chǎng)試驗(yàn)研究根據(jù)射電望遠(yuǎn)鏡副反射面“太陽(yáng)灶”效應(yīng)的形成原理設(shè)計(jì)副反射面日照溫度場(chǎng)試驗(yàn);分析試驗(yàn)結(jié)果研究副反射面溫度場(chǎng)分布規(guī)律及“太陽(yáng)灶”效應(yīng);對(duì)副反射面“太陽(yáng)灶”效應(yīng)試驗(yàn)進(jìn)行數(shù)值模擬,通過(guò)對(duì)比試驗(yàn)結(jié)果與數(shù)值模擬結(jié)果,研究副反射面溫度場(chǎng)的數(shù)值模擬方法。4、典型參數(shù)對(duì)溫度場(chǎng)的影響射電望遠(yuǎn)鏡日照非均勻溫度場(chǎng)形成原因復(fù)雜、影響因素較多;本文對(duì)大氣渾濁度、太陽(yáng)輻射吸收率、板材厚度3個(gè)影響反射面溫度場(chǎng)的關(guān)鍵因素進(jìn)行參數(shù)分析,研究各參數(shù)對(duì)射電望遠(yuǎn)鏡反射面日照溫度場(chǎng)的影響規(guī)律。
[Abstract]:Radio telescope is an important tool for human beings to explore the universe. In order to achieve higher working performance, radio telescope is developing towards large aperture and high precision. Under the influence of the inhomogeneous temperature field of sunlight, the reflector of the radio telescope will produce irregular deformation, which seriously affects the accuracy of the shape plane of the radio telescope. Therefore, in this paper, the solar temperature field of the main and secondary reflectors of the radio telescope will be studied by means of the combination of experiment and numerical simulation, which will provide a reference for the design, construction and precision control of the radio telescope in the future. In this paper, the temperature field of the main reflector is studied from the following four aspects: 1: 1. The inhomogeneous temperature field of the main reflector of the radio telescope model is tested. In order to ensure the test effect and the accuracy of the test data, this paper designs the test in detail, including selecting the test site and instrument, determining the test condition, arranging the temperature sensor and so on, according to the test results of 16 kinds of working conditions, The temperature field distribution and time-varying law of the main reflector of radio telescope are studied. Secondly, the temperature field of the main reflector is simulated and the calculation method of sunshine temperature field is summarized, and the numerical model of the main reflector is established by using ANSYS finite element software. Based on the solar temperature field test of the main reflector of the radio telescope, the numerical simulation of the whole process of each test condition is carried out, and the error rate between the test results and the simulation results is analyzed. To evaluate the effectiveness of numerical simulation method for the temperature field of radio telescope, the temperature field test of the accessory reflector is designed according to the formation principle of the "solar stove" effect of the secondary reflector of the radio telescope. The distribution of temperature field and the effect of "solar stove" on the accessory reflector are studied by analyzing the experimental results, and the numerical simulation of the "solar stove" effect experiment on the accessory reflector is carried out, and the results are compared with the results of the numerical simulation. The influence of typical parameters on the temperature Field of Radio-Telescope is complicated and the influence factors are many. The atmospheric turbidity, solar radiation absorptivity, atmospheric turbidity, solar radiation absorptivity, atmospheric turbidity, solar radiation absorptivity, atmospheric turbidity, solar radiation absorptivity, atmospheric turbidity, solar radiation absorptivity, Three key factors affecting the temperature field of the reflector are analyzed and the influence of the parameters on the temperature field of the reflecting surface of the radio telescope is studied.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：P111.44;TU317

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