本文選題：宇宙線 + LHAASO�。� 參考：《河北師范大學(xué)》2011年碩士論文

【摘要】：自從上世紀(jì)初發(fā)現(xiàn)宇宙線以來,宇宙線的產(chǎn)生、加速機(jī)制問題一直是一個尚未解決的粒子天體物理的基本問題。宇宙線膝區(qū)(10~(14)~10~(16)eV)對這一百年難題十分敏感,對膝區(qū)的成因做出的正確解釋將對這一百年難題的解答起到具有決定意義的作用,這取決于對宇宙線膝區(qū)能譜和成分精確測量。一直以來,多國科學(xué)家瞄準(zhǔn)這一目標(biāo),進(jìn)行了多家實驗,采用多種手段觀測膝區(qū)宇宙線,但是各個實驗之間得到的能譜不一致,特別是膝區(qū)成分有約30%的差異。 LHAASO項目(Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory,大型高海拔空氣簇射觀測站)則計劃在西藏羊八井研究中心建立1km~2探測器陣列,采用多種探測手段復(fù)合、精確觀測,充分利用羊八井研究中心的4300m高海拔有利條件,強化國際間合作,大大提高其它實驗無法比擬的高能宇宙線探測能力。 本文就LHAASO項目中電子探測器和μ子探測器組成的KM2A陣列進(jìn)行模擬,針對30TeV能區(qū)以上的陣列靈敏度來進(jìn)行陣列優(yōu)化,并研究了陣列對宇宙線膝區(qū)能譜測量以及各成分的鑒別能力。 本文大體可以分為以下幾個部分: 第一章主要介紹了宇宙線的產(chǎn)生與傳播機(jī)制以及宇宙線在膝區(qū)的國內(nèi)和國際研究進(jìn)展。 第二章主要介紹了LHAASO項目的科學(xué)目標(biāo)以及KM2A陣列的探測器設(shè)置及其觸發(fā)條件和數(shù)據(jù)獲取的基本設(shè)置。 第三章主要對廣延大氣簇射模擬數(shù)據(jù)的產(chǎn)生, LHAASO-KM2A模擬程序,探測器響應(yīng)的參數(shù)化和數(shù)據(jù)的分析做了詳細(xì)介紹。 第四章主要介紹了KM2A陣列的優(yōu)化進(jìn)展。使用程序計算得出陣列的角分辨、有效面積、g/p分辨和陣列的靈敏度結(jié)果。對陣列做更改探測面積、更改時間精度的模擬,以各種情況得到的靈敏度結(jié)果為依據(jù),以期得到陣列的優(yōu)化組合。 第五章主要介紹了KM2A陣列針對膝區(qū)的模擬,對膝區(qū)進(jìn)行了能譜測量以及宇宙線的輕成分、中成分、重成分的鑒別。 第六章對本文工作進(jìn)行了總結(jié),展望了LHAASO項目對宇宙線物理即將做出的貢獻(xiàn)。
[Abstract]:Since the discovery of cosmic rays at the beginning of last century, the generation and acceleration mechanism of cosmic rays have been an unsolved fundamental problem in particle astrophysics. The cosmic ray genu region (10 ~ (14) ~ (10) EV) is very sensitive to this 100 years difficult problem. The correct explanation of the cause of the knee region will play a decisive role in the solution of the 100 years problem, which depends on the accurate measurement of the cosmic ray knee region energy spectrum and composition. For a long time, scientists from many countries aimed at this goal, conducted many experiments and used various means to observe the cosmic rays in the knee region, but the energy spectra obtained from the various experiments were not consistent. In particular, there is a 30% difference in the composition of the knee area. The large High Altitude Air Show er Observatory (LHAASO) plans to set up an array of 1km~2 detectors at the Yangbajing Research Center in Tibet. The accurate observation makes full use of the 4300m high altitude favorable condition of Yangbajing Research Center, strengthens the international cooperation, and greatly improves the high energy cosmic ray detection ability which can not be compared with other experiments. In this paper, the KM2A array composed of electron detector and muon detector in LHAASO project is simulated, and the array sensitivity above 30TeV energy region is optimized. The measurement of cosmic ray knee energy spectrum and the discriminating ability of each component are studied. This paper can be divided into the following parts: the first chapter mainly introduces the mechanism of cosmic ray generation and propagation, as well as the domestic and international research progress of cosmic ray in knee region. In the second chapter, the scientific target of LHAASO project, the detector setting of KM2A array, the trigger condition and the basic setting of data acquisition are introduced. In chapter 3, the generation of simulated data of wide-range atmospheric shower, LHAASO-KM2A simulation program, the parameterization of detector response and the analysis of data are introduced in detail. In chapter 4, the optimization progress of KM 2A array is introduced. The results of angular resolution, effective area / g / p resolution and array sensitivity are calculated by the program. The array is simulated by changing the detection area and time precision, and the optimal combination of the array is obtained based on the sensitivity results obtained from various situations. In chapter 5, the simulation of the knee region by KM2A array is introduced. The energy spectrum of the knee region is measured and the light, middle and heavy components of cosmic rays are identified. In chapter 6, the work of this paper is summarized, and the contribution of LHAASO to cosmic ray physics is prospected.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：P172.4

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