本文選題：LAMOST + OCS　； 參考：《中國科學(xué)技術(shù)大學(xué)》2010年博士論文

【摘要】： LAMOST全稱大天區(qū)面積多目標(biāo)光纖光譜望遠(yuǎn)鏡,是我國在河北省興隆國家天文觀測基地建成的大型天文望遠(yuǎn)鏡。LAMOST是國家九五大科學(xué)工程之一于2009年6月4日順利通過國家竣工驗(yàn)收,是同批立項(xiàng)的國家大科學(xué)工程中研制周期最長、創(chuàng)新最多、風(fēng)險最高的項(xiàng)目。LAMOST打破了大視場望遠(yuǎn)鏡不能兼有大口徑的瓶頸。鑒于其集光面積和光纖數(shù)目,LAMOST潛在功能比世界上最好的SDSS數(shù)字巡天和2dF高出10到15倍,是世界上光譜獲取率最高的望遠(yuǎn)鏡。LAMOST的建成使我國躋身于國際天文技術(shù)前沿,成為國際上少數(shù)具備自主研制巨型望遠(yuǎn)鏡能力的國家之一。 觀測控制系統(tǒng)OCS (Observing Control System),為這臺世界上光譜觀測能力最強(qiáng)的望遠(yuǎn)鏡實(shí)現(xiàn)了自動流程控制、流程在線干預(yù)、運(yùn)行安全性保障的完整設(shè)計(jì)。相比國際上大型望遠(yuǎn)鏡的觀測控制系統(tǒng),OCS的流程控制設(shè)計(jì)非常完善,具備更好的靈活性。 望遠(yuǎn)鏡徹夜進(jìn)行的觀測流程中包含大量的操作步驟。為了提高工作效率,充分利用夜晚有限的可觀測時間,OCS設(shè)計(jì)了面向用戶可編輯的流程控制。觀測人員通過對界面命令元素的拖放就能組合出流程。流程的運(yùn)行具備可視化的監(jiān)控。為了能夠應(yīng)對現(xiàn)場千變?nèi)f化的情況,OCS在流程自動運(yùn)行的基礎(chǔ)上,添加豐富的人工干預(yù)。OCS的流程服務(wù)引擎能夠從流程的任意位置開始運(yùn)行,在流程運(yùn)行中,還能夠在線修改流程,為觀測人員提供了極大的方便。 OCS賦予了觀測人員自由的流程編程功能,但是任意的控制并非都是正確的。圓頂尚未打開,就開啟焦面門；S-H正在調(diào)整過程中,移回焦面。這些動作不但不正確,而且會危險地導(dǎo)致望遠(yuǎn)鏡損壞。對此,OCS設(shè)計(jì)了一套規(guī)則檢驗(yàn)作為約束,來盡可能地確保安全性。所有規(guī)則不是一成不變的,隨著觀測人員實(shí)際觀測經(jīng)驗(yàn)的增加,他們可以添加和修改規(guī)則。 OCS自動生成所有操作的日志記錄。在LAMOST望遠(yuǎn)鏡經(jīng)過一段時間的試運(yùn)行以后,日志記錄中記錄了大量的信息�；谌罩居涗浀慕y(tǒng)計(jì),能夠科學(xué)地設(shè)計(jì)流程的時間監(jiān)控。對日志記錄應(yīng)用工作流挖掘技術(shù),能夠從中獲得流程的圖形化表示,方便對以往流程的操作進(jìn)行審查。本文在這些方面進(jìn)行了探討。 本篇論文的工作有以下幾個創(chuàng)新點(diǎn)： 1)在大型望遠(yuǎn)鏡的觀測控制系統(tǒng)領(lǐng)域,自動流程限于一些固定的配置方式。OCS實(shí)現(xiàn)了觀測人員可自主設(shè)計(jì)流程的靈活控制方式。 2、OCS賦予了觀測人員豐富的動態(tài)干預(yù)流程和在線修改的功能,使得流程控制能夠應(yīng)對不可預(yù)料的異常情況。 3)OCS提供了觀測人員可制定和修改的規(guī)則檢驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì),對自由編程的流程控制的形成一定的約束來確保安全性。 目前,OCS系統(tǒng)已經(jīng)在LAMOST試運(yùn)行中配合使用。觀測人員以小流程的方式使用流程控制功能,進(jìn)行望遠(yuǎn)鏡的觀測控制。隨著LAMOST觀測任務(wù)的增加,OCS的流程控制將發(fā)揮更大的作用。
[Abstract]:LAMOST is a large astronomical telescope built in Xinglong National Astronomical observation Base in Hebei Province. LAMOST is one of the major scientific projects in the Ninth Five-Year Plan. It passed the national completion acceptance on June 4, 2009. It is the longest period of development, the most innovation and the highest risk in the same batch of national large science projects. LAMOST breaks the bottleneck that large field of view telescope can not have large caliber. In view of the fact that the potential function of LAMOST is 10 to 15 times higher than the best SDSS digital survey and 2dF in the world, it is the telescope with the highest spectral acquisition rate in the world. The completion of LAMOST puts China at the forefront of international astronomical technology. To become one of the few countries in the world with the ability to develop their own giant telescopes. The observational control system (OCS) has been designed for the telescope with the best spectral observation ability in the world, which includes automatic flow control, online process intervention and safety guarantee. Compared with the international observation control system of large telescopes, the flow control design of OCS is very perfect and has better flexibility. The observation process carried out by the telescope throughout the night involves a large number of operational steps. In order to improve work efficiency, a user-editable flow control is designed by making full use of the limited observable time at night (OCS). Observers can assemble the process by dragging and dropping the interface command elements. The operation of the process has visual monitoring. In order to cope with the ever-changing situation on the spot, OCS can start running from any location of the process by adding abundant manual intervention. OCS can also modify the process online. It provides great convenience for the observer. OCS gives observers free flow programming, but arbitrary control is not always correct. Before the dome is opened, open the focal plane door S-H is in the process of adjustment, moving back to the focal plane. These actions are not only incorrect, but can lead to dangerous damage to the telescope. The OCS designs a set of rules checking as a constraint to ensure security as much as possible. All rules are not inflexible, they can be added and modified as observers' actual observation experience increases. OCS automatically generates log records for all operations. After a period of trial operation of the LAMOST telescope, a large amount of information was recorded in the log record. Based on the statistics of log records, can scientifically design the process of time monitoring. Workflow mining technology is applied to log records, which can obtain the graphical representation of the process, and it is convenient to review the operation of the previous process. This paper discusses these aspects. The work of this paper has the following innovative points: 1) in the field of observation and control system of large telescope, the automatic flow is limited to some fixed configuration mode. OCS has realized the flexible control mode that the observer can design the flow independently. 2OCS gives the observers rich functions of dynamic intervention and online modification, which enables process control to cope with unexpected anomalies. 3)OCS provides a rule checking design that observers can make and modify to form constraints on free programming process control to ensure safety. At present, OCS system has been used in LAMOST trial operation. Observers use the flow control function in a small flow to carry out telescope observation control. With the increase of LAMOST observation task, the flow control will play a more important role.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國科學(xué)技術(shù)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類號】：P111

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