本文選題：TMT + 三鏡��； 參考：《中國科學(xué)院研究生院（長春光學(xué)精密機械與物理研究所）》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著人類對宇宙進行的探索不斷地深入,對天文望遠鏡的口徑的需求也越來越大,三十米望遠鏡(TMT)代表了當(dāng)代天文望遠鏡制造領(lǐng)域的最前沿,而鏡子的面形精度是影響望遠鏡成像質(zhì)量的關(guān)鍵因素之一,本文正是基于TMT的三鏡進行了鏡子支撐結(jié)構(gòu)的設(shè)計與研究,以達到要求的面形精度。 通過查閱文獻資料,對國內(nèi)外大口徑地基望遠鏡的發(fā)展和現(xiàn)狀進行了調(diào)研和總結(jié)；研究了鏡子支撐的基礎(chǔ)理論,對各種底支撐和側(cè)支撐結(jié)構(gòu)形式進行了歸納和總結(jié)；闡述了有限元分析的基本原理,主要對有限元靜力學(xué)分析和有限元模態(tài)分析進行了學(xué)習(xí)和研究。 根據(jù)TMT三鏡的情況,底支撐選用18點兩級whiffle tree被動支撐形式,利用有限元軟件Ansys優(yōu)化分析出18個支撐點的最佳支撐位置,初步設(shè)計出的底支撐結(jié)構(gòu),然后利用有限元軟件MSC.Patran/Nastran進行有限元建模和分析。根據(jù)分析的結(jié)果對所設(shè)計的支撐結(jié)構(gòu)進行修正,消除了由結(jié)構(gòu)不對稱引入的鏡面不對稱變形的影響,最終鏡面的RMS值為99.7nm,符合設(shè)計要求；同時還設(shè)計了另一種半主動式底支撐結(jié)構(gòu),同樣符合鏡面的面形精度要求。 通過研究和分析發(fā)現(xiàn),對于TMT這種實心平面鏡來說,側(cè)支撐點的位置和數(shù)量對其面形的影響不大,只在鏡子邊緣的支撐點附近有影響。借鑒底支撐的設(shè)計經(jīng)驗,側(cè)支撐仍然采用whiffle tree結(jié)構(gòu),共有12個支撐點,經(jīng)過有限元分析和改正,最終在側(cè)支撐的作用下鏡面的RMS值達到了14.1nm,滿足設(shè)計要求。最后分析了底支撐和側(cè)支撐綜合作用下的面形,滿足設(shè)計要求。
[Abstract]:As mankind's exploration of the universe continues to deepen, the demand for the caliber of astronomical telescopes is growing, and the 30-meter telescope (TMTT) represents the most advanced field in the manufacture of contemporary astronomical telescopes. The mirror shape accuracy is one of the key factors that affect the imaging quality of the telescope. In this paper, the design and research of the mirror supporting structure based on TMT are carried out in order to achieve the required surface shape accuracy. The development and current situation of large caliber ground-based telescopes at home and abroad are investigated and summarized, the basic theory of mirror bracing is studied, and various forms of bottom and side bracing structures are summarized and summarized. The basic principle of finite element analysis (FEM) is expounded, and the finite element statics analysis and finite element modal analysis are studied. According to the condition of TMT three mirrors, 18 points two-stage whiffle tree passive support is used in the bottom support. The optimal support position of 18 support points is optimized by using the finite element software Ansys, and the primary design of the bottom support structure is obtained. Then the finite element modeling and analysis are carried out by using finite element software MSC.Patran/Nastran. According to the results of the analysis, the designed bracing structure is modified to eliminate the influence of the asymmetric deformation of the mirror surface introduced by the structural asymmetry. The final RMS value of the mirror surface is 99.7 nm, which conforms to the design requirements. At the same time, another semi-active bottom support structure is designed, which also meets the precision requirement of mirror surface. Through research and analysis, it is found that the position and number of side support points have little effect on the surface shape of TMT solid plane mirror, but only near the supporting point of the mirror edge. For reference to the design experience of the bottom bracing, the side bracing still adopts whiffle tree structure, which has 12 supporting points. Through finite element analysis and correction, the RMS value of the mirror surface under the action of the side brace finally reaches 14.1 nm, which meets the design requirements. Finally, the surface shape under the combined action of bottom bracing and side bracing is analyzed to meet the design requirements.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國科學(xué)院研究生院（長春光學(xué)精密機械與物理研究所）
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：TH751

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