本文選題：《歷法西傳》 + 版本��； 參考：《東華大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：《歷法西傳》是由湯若望完成并編入《西洋新法歷書》中介紹西方天文學(xué)的一卷著作,《歷法西傳》的主要內(nèi)容分為兩方面,一是介紹西方天文學(xué)家的著作摘要和思想觀點;二是簡要介紹《西洋新法歷書》中出現(xiàn)的有關(guān)西方傳入的歷法歷源。本文分別分析介紹這兩方面的主要內(nèi)容,詳細(xì)介紹了《歷法西傳》中所提及的西方天文學(xué),并對西方傳入的歷法歷源的重點部分進(jìn)行分析,對提到的天文觀測儀器、歲差、社會背景等方面有深入的探究。本文共分為五部分,第一部分是介紹《歷法西傳》的版本、內(nèi)容與成書時間。通過文獻(xiàn)調(diào)查的方法對《歷法西傳》有關(guān)內(nèi)容和版本問題提出新的觀點,認(rèn)為《歷法西傳》成書時間分為兩個階段,第一次是1640年左右,第二次是1656年,并詳細(xì)分析了湯若望兩次撰寫、增補《歷法西傳》的種種原因,有助于進(jìn)一步認(rèn)識耶穌會傳教士在傳播西學(xué)方面所做的努力,透視人物心態(tài),了解社會背景。第二部分則是介紹《歷法西傳》中的西方天文學(xué)。對中古時期西方天文學(xué)詳細(xì)介紹,分析了各時期的人物及其著作,探究了他們之間的相互聯(lián)系,發(fā)現(xiàn)湯若望提及這些人物的目的,并分析了其特點。第三部分介紹了《歷法西傳》中提及的中西天文學(xué)的觀測儀器渾儀、渾蓋、日晷三種,湯若望試圖通過介紹西方傳入的天文測量儀器,表明西歷具有科學(xué)性和實用性,而此時中國天文儀器在世界屬于領(lǐng)先水平,所以湯若望選擇性的闡釋了他的主要觀點。第四部分通過《歷法西傳》中的內(nèi)容,分析比較了中西方對歲差的不同理解和各自觀點,首先介紹了中國歲差的由來和觀點,再與西方歲差理論進(jìn)行對比分析,得出結(jié)論。第五部分從湯若望撰寫《歷法西傳》的意圖、湯若望《歷法西傳》中的天文學(xué)觀點、中西天文學(xué)之爭這三個方面進(jìn)行介紹,進(jìn)一步探討分析明清時期天文學(xué)的傳播與發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:The Western Calendar Biography is a volume of books about Western astronomy completed by Tang Ruowang and compiled into the New Calendar of the West. The main contents of the Biography of the Western Calendar are divided into two aspects: the first is to introduce the abstract of the works and ideas of western astronomers; The second is a brief introduction to the Western Calendar. In this paper, the main contents of these two aspects are analyzed, and the western astronomy mentioned in the Western Calendar Biography is introduced in detail. The key parts of the calendar sources introduced by the West are analyzed, and the astronomical observation instruments and precession mentioned above are analyzed. Social background and other aspects of in-depth exploration. This paper is divided into five parts, the first part is to introduce the version, content and time of the book. Through the method of literature investigation, this paper puts forward a new viewpoint on the content and edition of the Western Calendar Biography. It is considered that the time of the completion of the book is divided into two stages, the first time is about 1640, the second time is 1656, the first is about 1640, and the second is about 1656. It also analyzes in detail the reasons for Tang Ruo-wang 's writing twice and adding to the Western Calendar, which is helpful to further understand the efforts made by Jesuit missionaries in spreading western studies, to see through the mentality of the characters and to understand the social background. The second part is the introduction of Western astronomy in Legend of the Calendar. This paper introduces in detail the western astronomy of the Middle Ancient period, analyzes the figures and their works of each period, probes into their mutual relations, finds out that Tang Ruowang mentions the purpose of these figures, and analyzes their characteristics. The third part introduces three kinds of observational instruments of Chinese and western astronomy, such as turbid instrument, turbid cap and sundial, which are mentioned in the Legend of the Western Calendar. Tang Ruowang tries to introduce the astronomical measuring instruments introduced by the West, which shows that the western calendar is scientific and practical. At this time, the Chinese astronomical instrument in the world is the leading level, so Tang Ruowang selectively explained his main point. The fourth part analyzes and compares the different understandings of precession between China and the West and their respective viewpoints through the content of the Legend of the Western Calendar. Firstly, it introduces the origin and viewpoint of precession in China, then compares it with the theory of precession in the West, and draws a conclusion. The fifth part introduces Tang Ruowang's intention of writing the Western Calendar Biography, the astronomical viewpoint in Tang Ruowang's Legend of the Western Calendar and the debate between Chinese and Western astronomy, and further discusses the spread and development of astronomy during the Ming and Qing dynasties.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東華大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：P1-09

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