本文選題：地基觀測(cè)　切入點(diǎn)：月球反射光譜　出處：《吉林大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：月球是距離地球最近的天體,針對(duì)月球輻射的相關(guān)研究從未停止過(guò)。目前,針對(duì)該領(lǐng)域的研究主要體現(xiàn)在對(duì)月觀測(cè)衛(wèi)星的數(shù)據(jù)獲取及分析,已經(jīng)具備相對(duì)成熟的算法及研究成果,但地基觀測(cè)方面國(guó)內(nèi)還有所欠缺。地基觀測(cè)可為獲取月球輻照度提供長(zhǎng)期的、穩(wěn)定的手段,在數(shù)據(jù)質(zhì)量和穩(wěn)定性上有較高的準(zhǔn)確度,并且可建立長(zhǎng)期的、可供今后對(duì)月觀測(cè)領(lǐng)域研究的天體數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù);同時(shí),由于月球是一個(gè)穩(wěn)定的輻射源,地基月球反射光譜的模擬也為今后地球衛(wèi)星的輻射定標(biāo)提供定量化參考,對(duì)于我國(guó)在對(duì)月觀測(cè)領(lǐng)域的研究具有重要意義。地基月球反射光譜的模擬涉及到月球輻射在地球大氣中的傳輸過(guò)程模擬計(jì)算。大氣是影響輻射傳輸?shù)年P(guān)鍵性因素,各種大氣組分的存在會(huì)對(duì)輻射傳輸產(chǎn)生包括吸收、散射及折射等作用,在一定程度上會(huì)改變到達(dá)地表的月球輻照度量值。因此,有必要模擬大氣中的輻射傳輸過(guò)程。本文選取大氣輻射傳輸模型MODTRAN為研究工具,模擬地基觀測(cè)條件下大氣對(duì)于月球輻射傳輸?shù)挠绊�。輸入�(yún)?shù)包括大氣計(jì)算模式、大氣典型組分(H2O、CO2、CH4、N2O、CO等)及氣溶膠的吸收和散射作用、觀測(cè)幾何、傳感器參數(shù)等,計(jì)算出400nm-2500nm范圍內(nèi)不同波長(zhǎng)大氣對(duì)于輻射的衰減系數(shù)。當(dāng)月球入射輻射及已有反射率已知時(shí),可根據(jù)計(jì)算出的月球反射輻射及大氣衰減系數(shù),計(jì)算出地球表面接收的月球輻射量,從而得到地基月球反射率。然而,不同的大氣參數(shù)組合會(huì)模擬不同的大氣輻射傳輸過(guò)程。因此,根據(jù)觀測(cè)條件的要求,建立了不同月球天頂角及相關(guān)幾何參數(shù)的組合,分別對(duì)不同大氣輻射傳輸過(guò)程進(jìn)行模擬計(jì)算,為最終大氣衰減系數(shù)的確定提供保障。選擇觀測(cè)波段為400nm-2500nm的高光譜成像光譜儀,開(kāi)展地基月球觀測(cè)試驗(yàn)。通過(guò)光纖與計(jì)算機(jī)相連,選擇晴空夜晚對(duì)月球的輻照度數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行連續(xù)觀測(cè)和數(shù)據(jù)處理,得到月球反射光譜數(shù)據(jù)。與模擬計(jì)算結(jié)果對(duì)比分析,找到了實(shí)測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)與模擬數(shù)據(jù)間的差異。根據(jù)觀測(cè)結(jié)果對(duì)MODTRAN中輸入?yún)?shù)做了相關(guān)的調(diào)整和完善,得到了較為準(zhǔn)確的模擬反射光譜數(shù)據(jù),完成了地基月球反射光譜的模擬計(jì)算。美國(guó)的對(duì)月地基觀測(cè)系統(tǒng)ROLO處于該領(lǐng)域研究的前沿地帶。地基觀測(cè)月球反射率的模擬研究,可為我國(guó)相關(guān)研究提供定量化的參考和借鑒,為今后對(duì)月觀測(cè)儀器的定標(biāo)及研制提供重要的指示性意義。
[Abstract]:The moon is the closest celestial body to Earth, and the study of lunar radiation has never stopped.At present, the research in this field is mainly reflected in the data acquisition and analysis of the lunar observation satellite, and has been relatively mature algorithms and research results, but there are still some deficiencies in the field of ground-based observation.Ground-based observations can provide a long-term, stable means of obtaining lunar irradiance, have higher accuracy in terms of data quality and stability, and establish a long-term database of celestial bodies for future research in the field of lunar observations; at the same time,As the moon is a stable source of radiation, the simulation of the ground-based reflection spectrum also provides a quantitative reference for the future radiometric calibration of Earth satellites, which is of great significance for the study of the field of lunar observation in China.The simulation of the reflection spectrum of the ground-based moon is related to the simulation calculation of the transmission process of the lunar radiation in the earth's atmosphere.The atmosphere is the key factor affecting the radiation transfer. The presence of various atmospheric components will produce the effects of absorption, scattering and refraction on the radiation transfer, and to some extent will change the lunar irradiance to the surface.Therefore, it is necessary to simulate the radiation transfer process in the atmosphere.In this paper, the atmospheric radiation transfer model (MODTRAN) is chosen as the research tool to simulate the influence of the atmosphere on the lunar radiation transfer under the condition of ground-based observation.The input parameters include the atmospheric calculation model, the atmospheric typical component H _ 2O _ 2CO _ 2H _ 2CO _ (4) H _ 4N _ 2O _ (CO), the absorption and scattering of aerosol, the observed geometry and sensor parameters, etc. The attenuation coefficients of atmospheric radiation at different wavelengths in 400nm-2500nm range are calculated.When the incident radiation and reflectivity of the moon are known, the amount of lunar radiation received on the surface of the earth can be calculated according to the calculated reflection radiation and attenuation coefficient of the atmosphere, and the reflectivity of the ground-based moon can be obtained.However, different combinations of atmospheric parameters simulate different atmospheric radiation transfer processes.Therefore, according to the requirements of the observation conditions, the combinations of different lunar zenith angles and related geometric parameters are established, respectively, to simulate the different atmospheric radiation transfer processes, which provides a guarantee for the determination of the final atmospheric attenuation coefficient.A hyperspectral imaging spectrometer with 400nm-2500nm was selected to carry out the ground-based lunar observation experiment.By connecting the optical fiber to the computer, the lunar irradiance data are continuously observed and processed in the clear sky at night, and the reflection spectrum data of the moon are obtained.The difference between the measured data and the simulated data is found by comparing with the simulation results.According to the observation results, the input parameters in MODTRAN are adjusted and perfected, and more accurate simulated reflection spectrum data are obtained, and the simulation calculation of the lunar reflection spectrum on the ground is completed.The American lunar-ground observation system (ROLO) is at the forefront of this field.The simulation study of the lunar reflectivity of ground-based observation can provide a quantitative reference for the related research in China and provide important indicative significance for the calibration and development of the lunar observation instrument in the future.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：P184

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