發(fā)布時間：2018-03-17 02:24

  本文選題：新真空太陽望遠鏡　切入點：太陽圖像重建　出處：《中國科學院研究生院(云南天文臺)》2016年博士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：深入研究太陽大氣活動現(xiàn)象需要大視場、長時間和多波段的高時空分辨率數(shù)據(jù)。目前地基大口徑太陽望遠鏡都借助于自適應光學技術和高分辨圖像重建技術實現(xiàn)太陽高空間分辨率成像觀測。高分辨圖像重建技術能有效克服湍流影響而實現(xiàn)目標接近接近望遠鏡衍射極限分辨率成像,相比自適應光學技術,它容易操作和實現(xiàn),但也因重建算法運算耗時、重建流程繁瑣復雜而缺乏實時性。隨著一米新真空太陽望遠鏡NVST在2010年建成和投入使用,國內(nèi)太陽觀測邁入高空間分辨率時代。NVST采用斑點重構方法來處理每日觀測數(shù)據(jù),為能及時快速的處理海量觀測數(shù)據(jù),需有一套高效的重建策略和高速運算的重建算法。本論文結合NVST實際觀測,開展太陽高分辨高速重建算法的研究,研究內(nèi)容包含NVST數(shù)據(jù)重建模式、重建算法優(yōu)化以及算法并行運算等幾個方面。具體的研究細節(jié)和取得的相應進展如下:根據(jù)NVST實際觀測和數(shù)據(jù)處理現(xiàn)狀,確立了兩級數(shù)據(jù)處理模式Level1和Level1+,在斑點重構算法比較耗時的大背景下,兩級處理模式讓NVST做到了數(shù)據(jù)及時發(fā)布。此外,在保證數(shù)據(jù)處理精度的前提下,對位移疊加法和斑點掩模法進行了深入分析和優(yōu)化,對其中關鍵參數(shù)進行了實驗分析,最大限度地精簡了運算量,提高了觀測數(shù)據(jù)重建效率。在算法優(yōu)化的基礎上,采用硬件加速方式提高了高分辨重建算法的運算速度。論述了高分辨重建算法中能夠并行計算的環(huán)節(jié),就高分辨重建算法在GPU和集群中并行加速進行了實驗,在GPU中實現(xiàn)了準實時的Level1級重建并實現(xiàn)了子塊圖像四維重譜并行計算;另外在集群中也實現(xiàn)了Level1和Level1+級快速重建。對NVST多通道數(shù)據(jù)的實際處理展開Level1和Level1+處理方法的應用研究,并針對實際觀測和數(shù)據(jù)重建中遇到的問題給出解決方案。提出了一種重建中抑制光球通道s CMOS相機固定圖形噪聲的方法,通過對月亮Level1+級重建的結果看出,“二次平場”能有效抑制斑點掩模法中的固定圖形噪聲放大。在日面邊緣目標的重建實驗中,提出了一種改進的互相關方法,該方法有效避免了相關極值誤差,保障了邊緣目標高分辨重建的順利進行。為提高色球數(shù)據(jù)重建結果的信噪比,采用并改進了Level1重建算法,在改進方法后,重建結果的分辨率大幅提高。
[Abstract]:A deep study of solar atmospheric activity requires a large field of view. Long time and multi-band high spatial and temporal resolution data. At present, the large aperture solar telescopes are based on adaptive optics technology and high resolution image reconstruction technology to realize the solar high spatial resolution imaging observation. High resolution image. The reconstruction technique can effectively overcome the influence of turbulence and achieve the target close to the telescope diffraction limit resolution imaging. Compared with adaptive optics, it is easy to operate and implement, but also because the reconstruction algorithm is time-consuming, the reconstruction process is complex and lack of real-time. With the new vacuum solar telescope NVST completed and put into use in 2010, In order to process large amount of observational data in time, NVST adopts speckle reconstruction method to process daily observation data in the era of high spatial resolution. It is necessary to have a set of high efficient reconstruction strategy and high speed reconstruction algorithm. This paper combines the actual observation of NVST and carries out the research of high resolution and high speed reconstruction algorithm of the sun. The research content includes the reconstruction mode of NVST data. The research details and corresponding progress are as follows: according to the actual observation and data processing status of NVST, the two-level data processing mode Level1 and Level1 are established. Under the background that the speckle reconstruction algorithm is time-consuming, the two-level processing mode enables NVST to release the data in time. In addition, the displacement superposition method and the speckle mask method are deeply analyzed and optimized under the premise of ensuring the accuracy of the data processing. The key parameters are analyzed experimentally, the computation is simplified to the maximum extent, and the efficiency of reconstruction of observation data is improved. On the basis of the optimization of the algorithm, Hardware acceleration is used to improve the speed of high resolution reconstruction algorithm. The parallel computation of high resolution reconstruction algorithm is discussed, and the parallel acceleration of high resolution reconstruction algorithm in GPU and cluster is tested. Quasi-real-time Level1 level reconstruction is realized in GPU and sub-block image four-dimensional respectral parallel computation is realized. In addition, Level1 and Level1 level fast reconstruction are also realized in cluster. The application of Level1 and Level1 processing methods to the practical processing of NVST multi-channel data is studied. According to the problems encountered in actual observation and data reconstruction, a method to suppress the fixed figure noise of the optical sphere channel s CMOS camera in reconstruction is proposed. The results of the Level1 reconstruction of the moon show that the "quadratic flat field" can effectively suppress the noise amplification of the fixed pattern in the speckle mask method. An improved cross-correlation method is proposed in the experiment of the reconstruction of the target on the edge of the solar plane. In order to improve the SNR of color sphere data reconstruction results, Level1 reconstruction algorithm is adopted and improved. The resolution of the reconstruction results is greatly improved.
【學位授予單位】：中國科學院研究生院(云南天文臺)
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：P111.41

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